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Search Publications by: Elizabeth Donley (Fed)

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Displaying 51 - 75 of 86

Rubidium Vapor Cell with Integrated Bragg Reflectors for Compact Atomic MEMS

June 9, 2009
Author(s)
Maximillian Perez, Uyen Nguyen, Svenja A. Knappe, Elizabeth Donley, John Kitching, A Shkel
This paper reports on a method for improving the optical efficiency of micro-machined reflectors integrated in rubidium vapor cells for application in atomic MEMS sensors. A hybrid bulk micromachining and multilayer PECVD thin film process is used to form

Nuclear quadrupole resonances in compact vapor cells: The crossover between the NMR and the nuclear quadrupole resonance interaction regimes

January 22, 2009
Author(s)
Elizabeth A. Donley, Jonathan Long, Tara C. Liebisch, Eleanor Hodby, Ted Fisher, John E. Kitching
We trace the transformation of I = 3/2 131-Xe nuclear spin resonances from the pure nuclear quadrupole regime to the quadrupole-perturbed Zeeman regime. We achieve large nuclear quadrupole shifts by using a 1mm 3 cubic cell with walls of different

Chip-scale atomic devices: precision atomic instruments based on MEMS

October 5, 2008
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Vladislav Gerginov, Vishal Shah, Peter D. Schwindt, Brad Lindseth, Elizabeth A. Donley, Ying-ju Wang, Eleanor Hodby, Matt Eardley, Ricardo Jimenez Martinez, William C. Griffith, Andrew Geraci, Jan Preusser, Tara C. Liebisch, Hugh Robinson, Leo Hollberg
We describe recent work at NIST to develop compact, low-power instruments based on a combination of precision atomic spectroscopy, advanced diode lasers and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Designed to be fabricated in parallel in large numbers

Glass-Blown Spherical Microcells for Chip-Scale Atomic Devices

May 2, 2008
Author(s)
E. J. Eklund, A Shkel, Svenja A. Knappe, Elizabeth Donley, John Kitching
This paper presents an application of micro glass blowing, in which multiple glass spheres are simultaneously shaped on top of a silicon wafer and subsequently filled with rubidium. The fabrication process is based on etching cavities in silicon, followed

Rubidium Vapor Cell with Integrated Nonmetallic Multilayer Reflectors

January 13, 2008
Author(s)
M A. Perez, U Nguyen, A Shkel, Svenja A. Knappe, Elizabeth A. Donley, John E. Kitching
This paper reports on a method for improving the optical efficiency of micromachined reflectors for use in rubidium vapor cells. A hybrid bulk micromachining / multilayer thin film technique is used to form the integrated reflectors, which can redirect

Demonstration of high-performance chip-scale magnetic shields

August 14, 2007
Author(s)
Elizabeth A. Donley, Eleanor Hodby, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching
We have designed and tested a set of five miniature nested magnetic shields constructed of high-permeability material, with volumes ranging from 0.01 to 2.5 cm^3. We present measurements of the longitudinal and transverse shielding factors (the ratio of

Differential Atomic Magnetometry Based on a Diverging Laser Beam

July 3, 2007
Author(s)
Eleanor Hodby, Elizabeth A. Donley, John E. Kitching
We demonstrate a novel atomic magnetometer that uses differential detection of the spatially diverging components of a light field to monitor the Larmor precession frequency of atoms in a thermal vapor. The design is implemented in compact form with a

Differential magnetometry based on a diverging laser beam

March 25, 2007
Author(s)
Eleanor Hodby, Elizabeth A. Donley, John E. Kitching
We discuss a new, compact design for a chip-scale differential atomic magnetometer that uses a single diverging laser beam to both pump and multiply probe the alkali atoms.

Cesium Primary Frequency References

February 1, 2007
Author(s)
Steven R. Jefferts, Thomas P. Heavner, Elizabeth A. Donley
Primary frequency standards with stated inaccuracies of δf/f ~ 10 15 or slightly better are in use today in several national timing laboratories. These standards, which are the most accurate in the world today, use laser-cooled cesium atoms to obtain this

Spherical Rubidium Vapor Cells Fabricated By Micro Glass Blowing

January 21, 2007
Author(s)
E. J. Eklund, A Shkel, Svenja A. Knappe, Elizabeth A. Donley, John E. Kitching
This paper presents an application of micro glass blowing, in which multiple glass spheres are simultaneously shaped on top of a silicon wafer and subsequently filled with rubidium. The fabrication process is based on etching cavities in silicon, followed

A single-atom optical clock with high accuracy

July 14, 2006
Author(s)
Windell Oskay, Scott A. Diddams, Elizabeth A. Donley, Tara M. Fortier, Thomas P. Heavner, Leo W. Hollberg, Wayne M. Itano, Steven R. Jefferts, M J. Jensen, Kyoungsik Kim, F Levi, Thomas E. Parker, James C. Bergquist
For the past fifty years, atomic frequency standards based on the cesium ground-state hyperfine splitting have been the most accurate timepieces in the world. One of the most accurate, current-generation, cesium standards is the NIST-F1 fountain, which has

Absolute Optical Frequency Measurements with a Fractional Uncertainty at 1 x 10 -15

June 5, 2006
Author(s)
Jason Stalnaker, Scott A. Diddams, Leo W. Hollberg, Kyoungsik Kim, Elizabeth A. Donley, Thomas P. Heavner, Steven R. Jefferts, Filippo Levi, Thomas E. Parker, James C. Bergquist, Wayne M. Itano, Marie J. Jensen, Luca Lorini, Windell Oskay, Tara M. Fortier, J Torgerson
We report the technical details specific to our recent measurements of the optical frequency of the mercury single-ion clock in terms of the SI second as realized by the NIST-F1 cesium fountain clock. In these measurements the total fractional uncertainty

PARCS: NASAs Laser-Cooled Atomic clock in Space

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
Donald Sullivan, Neil Ashby, Elizabeth A. Donley, Thomas P. Heavner, Leo W. Hollberg, Steven R. Jefferts, William Klipstein, David Seidel, D. J. Phillips
The PARCS (Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space) mission is designed, not only to perform certain tests of relativity theory, but also to demonstrate space-clock technology that may prove useful as an international standard of frequency and time and for

NIST F1: Recent improvements and a resulting accuracy of df/f=0.53x10 -15

September 13, 2005
Author(s)
Thomas P. Heavner, Steven R. Jefferts, Elizabeth Donley, Jon H. Shirley, Tom Parker
In the last several years we have made many improvements to NIST-F1 (a laser-cooled Cs fountain primary frequency standard) resulting in over a factor of 2 reduction in the uncertainty in the realization of the SI second. The two most recent accuracy

Operation of the NIST-F1 Cesium Fountain Primary Frequency Standard with a Maser Ensemble

September 13, 2005
Author(s)
Thomas E. Parker, Steven R. Jefferts, Thomas P. Heavner, Elizabeth A. Donley
The operation of a caesium fountain primary frequency standard is greatly influenced by the characteristics of two other important capabilities. The first is a stable frequency reference and the second is the frequency-transfer system. A stable frequency

A New Microwave Synthesis Chain for the Primary Frequency Standard NIST-F1

August 29, 2005
Author(s)
Thomas P. Heavner, Steven R. Jefferts, Elizabeth A. Donley, F Levi, Thomas E. Parker
We present the design and measurements of the microwave synthesis chain presently used in NIST-F1, the laser-cooled cesium fountain primary frequency standard in operation at NIST, Boulder, CO. This system has been used in two accuracy evaluations of NIST

Laser cooling and launching performance in a (1,1,1) -geometry atomic fountain

August 29, 2005
Author(s)
Elizabeth A. Donley, Thomas P. Heavner, John O'Brien, Steven R. Jefferts, F Levi
We have successfully cooled and launched cesium atoms in the (1,1,1) atomic fountain geometry at temperatures as low as 0.8 mK. This corresponds to a mean thermal velocity of 0.7 cm/s, which is two times the photon recoil velocity of 0.35 cm/s. Factors

On the Power Dependence of Extraneous Microwave Fields in Atomic Frequency Standards

August 29, 2005
Author(s)
Steven R. Jefferts, Jon H. Shirley, Neil Ashby, Thomas P. Heavner, Elizabeth A. Donley, F Levi
We show that the frequency bias caused by distributed cavity phase has a strong dependence on microwave power. We also show that frequency biases associated with microwave leakage have distinct signatures in their dependence on microwave power and the

Progress Toward the Second-Generation Atomic Fountain Clock at NIST

August 23, 2005
Author(s)
Elizabeth Donley, M O. Tataw, F Levi, Steven R. Jefferts, Thomas P. Heavner
We present results on the performance of two important subsystems for NIST -F2 -the second-generation atomic fountain clock at NIST. Firstly, we demonstrate the efficient capture of cesium atoms from a low-velocity intense source (LVIS) of atoms into an

A compact double-pass acousto-optic modulator system

June 1, 2005
Author(s)
Elizabeth A. Donley, Thomas P. Heavner, F Levi, M O. Tataw, Steven R. Jefferts
A problem that arises when using acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) to scan the laser frequency is the dependence of the beam diffraction angle on the modulation frequency. Alignment problems with AOM-modulated laser beams can be effectively eliminated by

Frequency Biases Associated with Distributed Cavity Phase and Microwave Leakage in the Atomic Fountian Primary Frequency Standards IEN-CSF1 and NIST-F1

March 21, 2005
Author(s)
Steven R. Jefferts, Jon H. Shirley, Neil Ashby, Thomas P. Heavner, Elizabeth A. Donley, F Levi, Eric A. Burt, G J. Dick
The subject of frequency shifts in atomic frequency standards caused either by distributed cavity phase or microwave leakage goes back to the earliest days of the thermal beam standards [1,2], and has been the subject of continuing theoretical and

Improvements in NIST-F1 and a Resulting Accuracy of df/f = 0.61 * 10 -15

August 23, 2004
Author(s)
Thomas P. Heavner, Steven R. Jefferts, Elizabeth A. Donley, Jon H. Shirley, Thomas E. Parker
Over the last several years we have made many improvements to NIST-F1 (a laser-cooled cesium fountain primary frequency standard) resulting in a reduction in the uncertainty by nearly a factor of 2 in the realization of the SI second at NIST. We recently