U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications by:

Search Title, Abstract, Conference, Citation, Keyword or Author
Displaying 1 - 25 of 105

Visualizing Standardized Model-based Design and Inspection Data in Augmented Reality

February 7, 2022
Author(s)
Teodor Vernica, Robert R. Lipman, Thomas Kramer, Soonjo Kwon, William Z. Bernstein
Augmented reality (AR) technologies present immense potential for the design and manufacturing communities. However, coordinating traditional engineering data representations into AR systems without loss of context and information remains a challenge. A

Agile Industrial Robots

January 24, 2022
Author(s)
Craig I. Schlenoff, William P. Shackleford, Zeid Kootbally, Brian Antonishek, Frederick M. Proctor, Thomas Kramer, William Harrison, Anthony Downs
In this chapter, we explore existing robot agility research efforts, while focusing on key technologies that help to enable agility, such as the ones mentioned in the preceding paragraphs. In particular, we will look at perception, knowledge representation

An Integrated Set of XML Tools – User Guide

December 16, 2020
Author(s)
Thomas R. Kramer, Zeid Kootbally, Craig Schlenoff
This user guide describes an integrated set of C++ software tools for manipulating XML (eXtensible Markup Language) schemas and XML instance files. The tools are: - xmlSchemaParser - parses and reformats XML schema files, prints type derivation hierarchies

Enabling Robot Agility in Manufacturing Kitting Applications

March 14, 2018
Author(s)
Zeid Kootbally, Craig I. Schlenoff, Brian Antonishek, Frederick M. Proctor, Thomas Kramer, William Harrison, Satyandra K. Gupta
For the most part, robots perform best in highly structured environments, where objects are in well-known, predictable loca-tions. Another way to describe this is that robots are not considered agile. But, in order for them to be useful to small manu

Overview of an Ontology-based Approach for Kit Building Applications

November 8, 2017
Author(s)
Zeid Kootbally, Thomas Kramer, Craig I. Schlenoff, Satyandra K. Gupta
The Agility Performance of Robotic Systems (APRS) project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is using Web Ontology Language (OWL) ontologies for modeling in a robotic kitting workstation. The new technical idea for the APRS

The Canonical Robot Command Language (CRCL)

August 1, 2016
Author(s)
Frederick M. Proctor, Stephen B. Balakirsky, Zeid Kootbally, Thomas R. Kramer, Craig I. Schlenoff, William P. Shackleford
Industrial robots can perform motion with sub-millimeter repeatability when programmed using the teach-and-playback method. While effective, this method requires significant up-front time, tying up the robot and a person during the teaching phase. Off-line

End-to-End Quality Information Framework (QIF) Technology Survey

May 9, 2016
Author(s)
John L. Michaloski, Thomas D. Hedberg, Hui-Min Huang, Thomas R. Kramer
The goal of this paper is to understand how quality information characterizing the manufactured parts can be reported in a XML standardized format. The Quality Information Framework (QIF) is an ANSI standard sponsored by the Dimensional Metrology Standards

End-to-end Demonstration of the Quality Information Framework (QIF) Standard at the International Manufacturing Technology Show (IMTS) 2014

March 15, 2016
Author(s)
Hui-Min Huang, John L. Michaloski, Daniel Campbell, Robert Stone, Thomas Kramer, Curtis Brown, Robert Brown, Gavrai Tatarliev, William Sobel, Lyle Fischer
The "Silos of Quality" in manufacturing can be described as the proliferation of customized quality languages for different stages of production. This quality "tower of babel" results in excessive translations causing loss of information, reduction of

Measuring and Representing the Performance of Manufacturing Assembly Robots

December 10, 2015
Author(s)
Michael O. Shneier, Elena R. Messina, Craig I. Schlenoff, Frederick M. Proctor, Thomas Kramer, Joseph Falco
With the growth of robotic technology, there is a need for performance measures to characterize and compare robots and to help determine which features are most suited to a particular application. Robot systems are complex and involve a wide range of

Software Tools for XML to OWL Translation

July 7, 2015
Author(s)
Thomas Kramer, Benjamin H. Marks, Craig I. Schlenoff, Stephen B. Balakirsky, Zeid Kootbally, Anthony Pietromartire
This paper describes a set of closely related C++ software tools for manipulating XML (eXtensible Markup Language) schemas and XML instance files and translating them into OWL (Web Ontology Language) class _les and OWL instance files. They include: (1) an

A Simulated Sensor-based Approach for Kit Building Applications

December 20, 2013
Author(s)
Zeid Kootbally, Craig I. Schlenoff, Theodore J. Weisman, Stephen B. Balakirsky, Thomas R. Kramer, Anthony Pietromartire
Kit building or kitting is a process in which individually separate but related items are grouped, packaged, and supplied together as one unit (kit). This paper describes advances in developing sensing/control and parts detection technologies enabling

Inferring Intention Through State Representations in Cooperative Human-Robot Environments

June 7, 2013
Author(s)
Craig I. Schlenoff, Anthony Pietromartire, Zeid Kootbally, Stephen B. Balakirsky, Thomas R. Kramer, Sebti Foufou
In this paper, we describe a novel approach for inferring intention during cooperative human-robot activities through the representation and ordering of state information. State relationships are represented by a combination of spatial relationships in a

Metrics and Test Methods for Industrial Kit Building

June 5, 2013
Author(s)
Stephen B. Balakirsky, Thomas R. Kramer, Zeid Kootbally, Anthony Pietromartire
The IEEE RAS Ontologies for Robotics and Automation Working Group is dedicated to developing a methodology for knowledge representation and reasoning in robotics and automation. As part of this working group, the Industrial Robots sub-group is tasked with

Disassembly Process Information Model for Remanufacturing

April 22, 2013
Author(s)
Shaw C. Feng, Hanmin Lee, Thomas R. Kramer, Che B. Joung, Parisa Ghodous, Ram D. Sriram
The disassembly process is an essential activity performed on out-of-service products for remanufacturing. A disassembly process includes many subprocesses, such as separation, cleaning, repair, replacement, and inspection. The main purpose of performing

Design and Usage Guide for Version 0.92 of the Quality Information Framework Data Model and XML (Extensible Markup Language) Schemas

November 23, 2012
Author(s)
Fiona Zhao, Thomas Kramer, Robert Brown, Scott Hoffman, Matt Hoffman, William G. Rippey, Robert Stone
This document describes the design approach used for implementing version 0.92 of the Quality Information Framework (QIF) data model, including implementation practices for the Extensible Markup Language (XML) Schema Definition Language (XSD) schemas that

An IEEE Standard Ontology for Robotics and Automation

October 12, 2012
Author(s)
Craig I. Schlenoff, Edson Prestes, Rajmohan Madhavan, Paulo Goncalvest, Howard Li, Stephen B. Balakirsky, Thomas R. Kramer, Emilio Miguelanez
In this article, we discuss a newly formed IEEE- RAS working group entitled Ontologies for Robotics and Automation (ORA). The goal of this working group is to develop a standard ontology and associated methodology for knowledge representation and reasoning

An Industrial Robotic Knowledge Representation for Kit Building Applications

October 12, 2012
Author(s)
Stephen B. Balakirsky, Zeid Kootbally, Craig I. Schlenoff, Thomas R. Kramer, Satyandra K. Gupta
The IEEE RAS Ontologies for Robotics and Automation Working Group is dedicated to developing a methodology for knowledge representation and reasoning in robotics and automation. As part of this working group, the Industrial Robots sub-group is tasked with

An Integrated Data Model for Quality Information Exchange in Manufacturing Systems

July 27, 2012
Author(s)
William G. Rippey, Yaoyao F. Zhao, Thomas R. Kramer, John A. Horst, Frederick M. Proctor
Quality measurement is an integrated part of modern manufacturing systems. As the manufacturing industry has entered a digital and virtual era, information technology has become increasingly important for both machining and measurement systems. Effective

Information Required for Dimensional Measurement

July 27, 2012
Author(s)
John A. Horst, Curtis Brown, Robert Brown, Larry Maggiano, K Summerhays, Thomas R. Kramer
Much work has been done by standards organizations to model dimensional measurement information in digital formats, but the work done has revealed that standard digital formats from upstream processes are currently insufficient to enable the automatic

Quality Information Framework - Integrating Metrology Processes

May 25, 2012
Author(s)
Fiona Zhao, Thomas Kramer, John A. Horst, William G. Rippey, Robert Brown
As defined by major dimensional metrology system users and suppliers, the Quality Information Framework (QIF) is an integrated and holistic set of information models which, if widely adopted, can enable the effective exchange of metrology data throughout

Functional Requirements of a Model for Kitting Plans

March 22, 2012
Author(s)
Stephen B. Balakirsky, Zeid Kootbally, Thomas R. Kramer, Rajmohan Madhavan, Craig I. Schlenoff, Michael O. Shneier
Industrial assembly of manufactured products is often performed by first bringing parts together in a kit and then moving the kit to the assembly area where the parts are used to assemble products. Kitting, the process of building kits, has not yet been

Mixed Pallet Stacking: An Overview and Summary of the 2010 PerMIS Special Session

February 4, 2011
Author(s)
Stephen B. Balakirsky, Henrik I. Christensen, Thomas R. Kramer, Pushkar Kolhe, Frederick M. Proctor
Stacking boxes of various sizes and contents on pallets (i.e. making mixed pallets) is a primary method of preparing goods for shipment from a warehouse to a store or other distant site. A special session of the 2010 PERMIS workshop was held to examine