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Displaying 52176 - 52200 of 74034

Insights From the Broadcast News Benchmark Tests

June 8, 1998
Author(s)
Walter S. Liggett Jr, W M. Fisher
The broadcast news benchmark tests have potential as a source of ideas for improving continuous speech recognition systems. This paper presents a data analysis method for uncovering such ideas and applies the method to the 1996 and 1997 DARPA CSR Hub-4

MPD Technology for Tribology Applications

June 8, 1998
Author(s)
Lisa Karam, A.K Dukier, P. Volkovitsky, Bert Coursey, L Stodolsky
The new ultra-sensitive MPD technology, already employed successfully in biomedical applications, has such a high sensitivity that it is possible to use extremely low level radioactive materials, below licensing requirements and presenting no health hazard

Building and Fire Research Laboratory Publications, 1991.

June 7, 1998
Author(s)
Barbara C. Lippiatt
The BEES (Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability) software implements a rational, systematic technique for balancing the environmental and economic performance of building products. The technique is based on consensus standards and designed

Plastic Flip-Chip-BGA Carrier With Microvias for Chip Scale Packaging

June 2, 1998
Author(s)
Jan Obrzut, M Jimarez
We evaluated a near-chip-scale package, that utilizes the flip-chip, plastic-ball-grid-array technology with microvias. The microvias were photolithographically patterned in built-up dielectric layers. We verified optimal conditions for photo-exposure and

A Cryogenic Catheter for Treating Heart Arrhythmia

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
E D. Marquardt, Ray Radebaugh, J Dobak
Progress in the development of a cryogenic catheter to treat heart arrhythmia is discussed. This system uses a mixed-gas Joule-Thomson refrigerator to cool the tip of a catheter that cen be indserted into the body through the large ceins leading into the

A Primer on Electrical Units in the Systems International

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
Neil M. Zimmerman
I examine the dissemination of the electrical units, from basic physical laws to commercial calibrations. I discuss the important distinction between realization and representation of units, which refers back to the distinction between SI (Le Systeme

A Study of a Water-to-Water Heat Pump Using Flammable Refrigerants

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
William V. Payne, Piotr A. Domanski, J Muller
This investigation compared the performance of R22 to the performance of R290 and that of flammable zeotropic mixtures, R32/290 and R32/152a. The tests were conducted in a test apparatus specially designed to simulate a residential water-to-water heat pump

A Variational Approach to Exchange Energy Calculations in Micromagnetics

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
Michael J. Donahue
This paper presents a magnetization interpolation method for micromagnetic exchange energy calculations using a variational procedure to relax spins on a supplemental (refined) lattice. The approximations implicit in standard micromagnetic discretization

Accuracy and Traceability in Dimensional Measurements

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
James E. Potzick
Dimensional measurements of importance to microlithography include feature sizes and feature placement on photomasks and wafers, overlay eccentricities, defect and particle sizes on masks and wafers, and many others. A common element is that the object

Accurate Characteristic Impedance Measurement on Silicon

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
Dylan F. Williams, Uwe Arz, Hartmut Grabinski
This paper presents a new method that accurately determines the characteristic impedance of planar transmission lines printed on lossy dielectrics even when contact-pad capacitance and conductance are large. We demonstrate the method on a coplanar

Acoustic Methods for Transport Properties Measurements in Gases

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
Keith A. Gillis, J B. Mehl, Michael R. Moldover
Two novel acoustic resonators have been developed, one for measuring the viscosity and a second for measuring the Prandtl number of gases. For viscosity measurements, we use a double Helmholtz resonator called the Greenspan viscometer. The Greenspan

An Automated Apparatus for Measuring Sound Speeds in Hazardous Gases

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
John J. Hurly
Our laboratory has developed an automated apparatus for measuring the sound speed in hazardous gases such as those used in processing semiconductors. The sound speed (P,T) is deduced from measurements of the acoustic resonance frequencies of a gas-filled

An Equilibrium and Calorimetric Study of Some Transamination Reactions

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
Yadu D. Tewari, N Kishore, Robert N. Goldberg, T N. Luong
Apparent equilibrium constants and calorimetric enthalpies of reaction have been measured for the following enzyme-catalyzed biochemical reactions at the temperature 298.15 k:l-alanine(aq) + 2-oxoglutarate(aq) = pyruvate(aq) + L-glutamate(aq); L-tyrosine

Characterization of On-Wafer Diode Noise Sources

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
James P. Randa, Dave K. Walker, Lawrence P. Dunleavy, Robert L. Billinger, John Rice
A set of wafer probeable diode noise source transfer standards are characterized using on-wafer noise temperature methods developed recently at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This paper reviews the methods for accurate on-wafer
Displaying 52176 - 52200 of 74034
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