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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 2526 - 2550 of 2915

Scatter corrections in x-ray computed tomography: a physics-based analysis

May 22, 2019
Author(s)
Zachary H. Levine, Timothy Blattner, Adele Peskin, Adam L. Pintar
Fundamental limits for the calculation of scattering corrections within X-ray computed tomography (CT) are found within the independent atom approximation from an analysis of the cross sections, CT geometry, and the Nyquist sampling theorem, suggesting

Nanomechanics of cellulose deformation reveal molecular defects that facilitate natural deconstruction

April 29, 2019
Author(s)
Peter Ciesielski, Ryan Wagner, Vivek Bharadwaj, Jason Killgore, Ashutosh Mittal, Gregg Beckham, Stephen Decker, Michael Himmel, Michael Crowley
Technologies surrounding utilization and processing of cellulosic materials have been important to human society for millennia. As with many materials, achieving a molecular-level understanding of the formation, characteristics, and functionality of

A solid-state source of strongly entangled photon pairs with high brightness and indistinguishability

April 22, 2019
Author(s)
Jin Liu, Rongbin Su, Yuming Wei, Beimeng Yao, Saimon Filipe Covre da Silva, Ying Yu, Jake Iles-Smith, Kartik Srinivasan, Armando Rastelli, Juntao Li, Xuehua Wang
The generation of high-quality entangled photon pairs has been being a long-sought goal in modern quan-tum communication and computation. To date, the most widely-used entangled photon pairs are gener-ated from spontaneous parametric downconversion, a

Rethinking Timekeeping for Modern IT Solutions

January 28, 2019
Author(s)
Son VoBa, Charles L. Ulland, Michael Lombardi, Arno Lentfer
Advances in processor performance and virtualization technologies, together with complexities of operating systems (OS) and software defined networking, have outpaced legacy network-based solutions for keeping system clocks accurate across geographic

A Multiscale Framework for the Prediction of Concrete Self-Desiccation

March 1, 2018
Author(s)
Madura Pathirage, Dale P. Bentz, Giovanni Di Luzio, Enrico Masoero, Gianluca Cusatis
Cement hydration in concrete and mortar has been studied thoroughly over the past 50 years. To fully understand hydration in concrete and predict the evolution of the hygral, thermal, and mechanical properties at the structural level, one needs to study

Insertion of Dengue E into Lipid Bilayers Studied by Neutron Reflectivity Molecular Dynamics Simulations

February 13, 2018
Author(s)
Juan M. Vanegas, Frank Heinrich, David M. Rogers, Bryan D. Carson, Sadie La Bauve, Briana C. Vernon, Sushil K. Satija, Aihua Zheng, Margaret Kielian, Susan B. Rempe, Michael S. Kent
The envelope (E) protein of Dengue virus rearranges to a trimeric hairpin to mediate fusion of the viral and target membranes, which essential for infectivity. Insertion of E into the target membrane serves to anchor E and possibly also to disrupt local

Synchrotron Methods for Flexible Hybrid Electronics Industrial Recommendations on Interagency (DoC-DoD-DoE) Partnerships to Address Measurement Challenges Hindering the Flexible Hybrid Electronics Manufacturing Ecosystem

February 12, 2018
Author(s)
Christopher L. Soles, Richard A. Vaia, Ronald Pindak
The round-table participants concluded that facilities at NSLS-II provide immediate opportunities to address some of the critical processing and measurement challenges that are blocking the path towards a sustainable US-centric Flexible Hybrid Electronic

Structural, Chemical, and Dynamical Frustration: Origins of Superionic Conductivity in closo-Borate Solid Electrolytes

October 11, 2017
Author(s)
Kyoung E. Kweon, Joel B. Varley, Patrick Shea, Nicole Adelstein, Prateek Mehta, Tae Wook Heo, Terrence J. Udovic, Vitalie Stavila, Brandon C. Wood
Li 2B 12H 12 and Na 2B^12^H 12 closoboranes exhibit unusually high ionic conductivity, making them attractive as a new class of candidate electrolytes in solid-state Li- and Na-ion batteries. However, further optimization of these materials requires a

Molecular Rigidity, Excess Entropy, and Enthalpy-Entropy Compensation in DNA Melting

September 24, 2017
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas, Fernando Vargas-Lara, Francis W. Starr
Enthalpy-entropy compensation (EEC) is observed in diverse molecular binding processes of vital importance to living systems and manufacturing applications, but this widely occurring phenomenon is not well understood from a molecular physics standpoint. To

Improving a Web-Based Firm Level R&D Survey

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
J Powell
The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) is a federal science and technology program whose mission is to accelerate the development of innovative technologies for broad national benefit through partnerships with the private sector. To help correct certain

Identifying NIST Impacts on Patenting: A Novel Data Set and Potential Uses

January 13, 2017
Author(s)
Gary W. Anderson Jr.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology’s (NIST) mission is to “promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness.” To meet this mission, NIST scientists produce a great variety of scientific and technical outputs. This paper present

Double Quantum Dot Floquet Gain Medium

November 7, 2016
Author(s)
Jacob M. Taylor, Michael Gullans, Jason Petta, J. Stehlik, Yinyiu Liu, Christopher Eichler, T Hartke, X Mi
A qubit coupled to a microwave resonator allows the study of fundamental light-matter interactions at the level of single photons1. The paradigm of circuit quantum electrodynam- ics (cQED) enables the generation of classical and non-classical light2–5

Ultrafast time-resolved hard x-ray emission spectroscopy on a table top

September 27, 2016
Author(s)
Luis Miaja Avila, Galen C. O'Neil, Young Il Joe, Bradley K. Alpert, Niels Damrauer, William B. Doriese, Steven Fatur, Joseph W. Fowler, Gene C. Hilton, Ralph Jimenez, Carl D. Reintsema, Daniel R. Schmidt, Kevin L. Silverman, Daniel S. Swetz, Hideyuki Tatsuno, Joel N. Ullom
Chemical reactions driven by light are fundamental to biology and a source of inspiration for engineering materials to perform tasks such as solar energy harvesting and data storage. Observing and understanding photodynamics requires experimental tools

Anomalously low magnetic damping of a metallic ferromagnet

May 16, 2016
Author(s)
Justin M. Shaw, Martin Schoen, Danny Thonig, Michael L. Schneider, Thomas J. Silva, Hans T. Nembach, Olle Eriksson, Olof Karis
The phenomenology of magnetic damping is of critical importance to devices which seek to exploit the electronic spin degree of freedom since damping strongly affects the energy required and speed at which a device can operate. However, theory has struggled

A New Regime of Pauli-Spin Blockade

April 7, 2016
Author(s)
Justin K. Perron, Michael D. Stewart, Neil M. Zimmerman
Pauli-spin blockade is a phenomenon that allows for a type of spin to charge conversion often used to probe fundamental physics such as spin relaxation and singlet-triplet coupling. In this paper we theoretically explore Pauli-spin blockade as a function

Effect of Hierarchical Cluster Formation on the Viscosity of Concentrated Monoclonal Antibody Formulations Studied by Neutron Scattering

January 21, 2016
Author(s)
P. Douglas Godfrin, Isidro E. Zarraga, Jonathan Zarzar, Lionel Porcar, Peter Falus, Norman J. Wagner, Yun Liu
Recently, reversible cluster formation has been identified as an underlying cause of anomalously large solution viscosities observed in some concentrated monoclonal antibody (mAb) formulations. As high solution viscosity prevents the use of subcutaneous

Heat transfer principles in thermal calculation of structures in fire

November 1, 2015
Author(s)
Chao Zhang, Usmani Asif
Structural fire engineering (SFE) is a relatively new interdisciplinary subject, which requires a comprehensive knowledge of heat transfer, fire dynamics and structural analysis. It is predominantly the community of structural engineers who currently carry

Realization of Ground-State Artificial Skyrmion Lattices at Room Temperature

October 8, 2015
Author(s)
Dustin A. Gilbert, Brian B. Maranville, Andy L. Balk, Brian J. Kirby, Peter Fischer, Daniel T. Pierce, John Unguris, Julie A. Borchers, Kai Liu
The topological nature of magnetic skyrmions deriving from broken symmetries leads to extraordinary static and dynamic properties that provide new insight in fundamental problems of magnetism and exciting potentials for exploitation in novel magnetic

Quantum-correlated photon pairs generated in commercial 45 nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor microelectronics

July 7, 2015
Author(s)
Cale M. Gentry, Jeff Shainline, Mark W. Wade, Martin Stevens, Shellee D. Dyer, Xiaoge Zeng, Fabio Pavanello, Thomas Gerrits, Sae Woo Nam, Richard Mirin, Milos A. Popovic
Correlated photon pairs are a fundamental component of quantum photonic systems. While pair sources have previously been integrated on silicon chips in custom facilities, these often take advantage of only a small fraction of microelectronics fabrication

Comparison of the Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Cellulose Nanofibrils Isolated From Bacteria, Tunicate, and Wood Processed Using Acid, Enzymatic, Mechanical, and Oxidative Methods

April 18, 2014
Author(s)
Iulia A. Sacui, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Ryan C. Nieuwendaal, Stephan J. Stranick, Henryk Szmacinski, Mehdi Jorfi, Christopher Weder, Johan Foster, Richard Olsson, Daniel Burnett
This work describes the study and characterization of native cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils (CNCs, CNFs), whose crystallinity, morphology, aspect ratio, and surface chemistry depend on the raw material source and hydrolysis conditions. Measurement
Displaying 2526 - 2550 of 2915
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