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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 6776 - 6800 of 73697

Topological surface states of MnBi2Te4 at finite temperatures and at domain walls

February 24, 2021
Author(s)
Kevin F. Garrity, Sugata Chowdhury, Francesca Tavazza
MnBi2Te4 has recently been the subject of intensive study, due to the prediction of axion insulator, Weyl semimetal, and quantum anomalous Hall insulator phases, depending on the structure and magnetic ordering. Experimental results have con firmed some

Failure mechanisms in DNA self-assembly: Barriers to single fold yield

February 23, 2021
Author(s)
Jacob Majikes, Paul Patrone, Anthony J. Kearsley, Michael P. Zwolak, James Liddle
Understanding the folding process of DNA origami is a critical steppingstone to the broader implementation of nucleic acid nanofabrication technology but is notably non-trivial. Origami are formed by several hundred cooperative hybridization events – folds

Maternal Food and Beverage Behaviors and Discrepant Phthalate Exposure by Race

February 23, 2021
Author(s)
John Kucklick, Michael S. Bloom, Abby G. Wenzel, Rebecca J. Wineland, Elizabeth R. Unal, John W. Brock, Roger B. Newman, Erica Jamro, Kelly Garcia, Mary Sterrett
Widespread human phthalate exposure occurs from food and water, leached from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics, food packaging, and skin absorption from personal care products. Multiple phthalates are known as antiandrogenic endocrine disruptors, raising

Integrated Sensor Data Processing for Occupancy Detection in Residential Buildings

February 22, 2021
Author(s)
Chenli Wang, Jun Jiang, Thomas Roth, Cuong Nguyen, Yuhong Liu, Hohyun Lee
Based on the data from U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the total annual energy consumed by buildings in the United States has increased by 325% over the past 70 years. Many commercial buildings utilize a building management system (BMS) and

Report of the 2019 NIST-FDA Workshop on Standards for Next Generation Sequencing Detection of Viral Adventitious Agents in Biologics and Biomanufacturing

February 22, 2021
Author(s)
Megan Cleveland, Bharathi Anekella, Mike Brewer, Pei-Ju Chin, Heather Couch, Eric Delwart, Jim Huggett, Scott Jackson, Javier Martin, Serge Monpoeho, Tom Morrison, Siemon Ng, David Ussery, Arifa Khan
Adventitious virus testing assures product safety by demonstrating the absence of viruses that may have been unintentionally introduced during the manufacturing process. The capabilities of next-generation or high-throughput sequencing (NGS/HTS) for broad

Tailoring electrode-electrolyte-interfaces in lithium-ion batteries using molecularly engineered functional polymers

February 22, 2021
Author(s)
Laisuo Su, Jamie Weaver, Mitchell C. Groenenboom, Nathan Nakamura, Eric Rus, Priyanka Anand, Shikhar Krishn Jha, Joseph Okasinski, Joseph Dura, B Reeja-Jayan
Electrode−electrolyte interfaces (EEIs) affect the rate capability, cycling stability, and thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Designing stable EEIs with fast Li+ transport is crucial for developing advanced LIBs. Here, we study Li+ kinetics at

Designing Trojan Detectors in Neural Networks Using Interactive Simulations

February 20, 2021
Author(s)
Peter Bajcsy, Nicholas J. Schaub, Michael P. Majurski
This paper addresses the problem of designing trojan detectors in neural networks (NNs) using interactive simulations. Trojans in NNs are defined as triggers in inputs that cause misclassification of such inputs into a class (or classes) unintended by the

A Perspective on Forest Fuel Bed Ignition by Firebrands

February 19, 2021
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang
A different perspective on forest fuel bed ignition by firebrands is presented to obtain a correlation between the ignition time of a fuel bed by a glowing firebrand and fuel moisture content. A firebrand heating efficiency akin to spray cooling efficiency

Design of an electrostatic balance to measure optical power of 100 kW

February 19, 2021
Author(s)
Lorenz Keck, Gordon A. Shaw, Renee Theska, Stephan Schlamminger
To accommodate the need for increased portability and accuracy in laser power measurement instrumentation above 100 Watt at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a new instrument is required. This instrument is intended to create a new

The anisotropy in the optical constants of quartz crystals for soft X-rays

February 19, 2021
Author(s)
Anna Andrle, Phillipp H?nicke, John Vinson, Richard Quintanilha, Qais Saadeh, Sebastian Heidenreich, Frank Scholze, Victor Soltwisch
The refractive index of a y-cut SiO2 crystal surface is reconstructed from orientation-dependent soft X-ray reflectometry measurements in the energy range from 45 to 620 eV. Owing to the anisotropy of the crystal structure in the (100) and (001) directions

TREC-COVID: Constructing a Pandemic Information Retrieval Test Collection

February 19, 2021
Author(s)
Ellen Voorhees, Ian Soboroff, Tasmeer Alam, William Hersh, Kirk Roberts, Dina Demner-Fushman, Kyle Lo, Lucy L. Wang, Steven Bedrick
TREC-COVID is a community evaluation designed to build a test collection that captures the information needs of biomedical researchers using the scientific literature during a pandemic. One of the key characteristics of pandemic search is the accelerated

Characterization of waveguide-integrated single-photon detectors using integratedphotonic structures

February 18, 2021
Author(s)
Sonia M. Buckley, Alexander N. Tait, Jeffrey T. Chiles, Adam N. McCaughan, Saeed Khan, Richard Mirin, Sae Woo Nam, Jeffrey M. Shainline
We show several techniques for using integrated-photonic waveguide structures to simultaneously characterize multiple waveguide-integrated superconducting-nanowire detectors with a single fiber input. We demonstrate structures for direct comparison of

NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 4.0

February 18, 2021
Author(s)
Avi Gopstein, Cuong Nguyen, Cheyney O'Fallon, Nelson Hastings, David A. Wollman
NIST's fourth framework informing America's development of the smart grid includes updates to the Smart Grid Conceptual Model, introduces new Communication Pathways Scenarios and an Ontology for the smart grid, provides guidance on cybersecurity practices

Room temperature Laser Power Standard Using a Microfabricated, Electrical Substitution Bolometer

February 18, 2021
Author(s)

Michelle Stephens, Christopher Yung, Nathan Tomlin, Anna Vaskuri, Ivan Ryger, Matthew Spidell, Malcolm G. White, Thomas Jenkins, Jennifer Landry, Tesfatsion Sereke, John Lehman

The design and performance of a room temperature electrical substitution radiometer for use as an absolute standard for measuring continuous-wave laser power over a wide range of wavelengths, beam diameters and powers is described. The standard achieves an

Characterization of residential circuit impedance

February 17, 2021
Author(s)
DJ Anand, Md Amimul Ehsan, Wenqi Guo
Electrical harmonics associated with switching power electronics have been observed to induce electromagnetic interference with equipment sharing the same electrical circuit, some research studies have documented cases of malfunction and even damage of

Conformational Changes of Immobilized Polythymine due to External Stressors Studied with Temperature-Controlled Electrochemical Microdevices

February 17, 2021
Author(s)
Ramya Vishnubhotla, Sarah Robinson, Jon R. Askim, Christopher B. Montgomery, Kristen L. Steffens, Herman O. Sintim, Stephen Semancik
Conformational changes of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) play an important role in a DNA strand's ability to bind to target ligands. A variety of factors can influence conformation, including temperature, ionic strength, pH, buffer cation valency, strand
Displaying 6776 - 6800 of 73697
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