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Displaying 27051 - 27075 of 74129

Desirable Properties of Voting Systems

September 25, 2009
Author(s)
Svetlana Z. Lowry, Poorvi Vora
This paper provides definitions for some desirable properties of voting systems, including auditability, ballot secrecy, incoercibility, usability and accessibility. In the context of these desirable properties, it defines the class of end-to-end

Measurement Traceability and Quality Assurance in a Nanomanufacturing Environment

September 25, 2009
Author(s)
Ndubuisi G. Orji, Ronald G. Dixson, Aaron Cordes, Benjamin Bunday, John Allgair
A key requirement for nano-manufacturing is maintaining acceptable traceability of measurements performed to determine size. Given that properties and functionality at the nanoscale are governed by absolute size, maintaining the traceability of dimensional

Thermal Diffusivity of H2O near the Critical Point

September 25, 2009
Author(s)
Jan V. Sengers, Richard A. Perkins, Marcia L. Huber, Bernard Le Neindre
The asymptotic critical behavior of the thermal diffusivity of H 2O, deduced from dynamic light-scattering measurements, is shown to be in good agreement with the mode-coupling theory for critical dynamics in fluids. Consistency of the thermal-diffusivity

Development of Soft Armor Conditioning Protocols for NIJ 0101.06: Analytical Results

September 24, 2009
Author(s)
Amanda L. Forster, Kirk D. Rice, Michael A. Riley, Guillaume Messin, Sylvain H. Petit, Cyril Clerici, Gale A. Holmes, Joannie W. Chin
This publication details the four major phases of analytical development work, coupled with several additional side studies, undertaken by the Office of Law Enforcement Standards in writing the Flexible Armor Conditioning Protocol in NIJ 0101.06. This

High-Voltage Capacitance Measurement System for SiC Power MOSFETs

September 24, 2009
Author(s)
Parrish Ralston, Tam H. Duong, Nanying Yang, David W. Berning, Colleen E. Hood, Allen R. Hefner Jr., Kathleen Meehan
Adequate modeling of a power MOSFET is dependent on accurate characterization of the inter-electrode capacitances. With the advent of high voltage silicon carbide (SiC) power MOSFETs, it has become important to develop a measurement system that can perform

Magnetic dynamics with spin transfer torques near the Curie temperature.

September 24, 2009
Author(s)
Paul M. Haney, Mark D. Stiles
In this paper we explore the combined action of large thermal fluctuations and spin transfer torques on the behavior of magnetic layers in spin valves. We find that at temperatures near Tc, spin currents can measurably change the size of the magnetization

Micromachined resonators of high Q-factor based on atomic layer deposited alumina

September 24, 2009
Author(s)
Atif A. Imtiaz, Yuan-Jen Chang, Jason M. Gray, Dragon Seghete, Steven George, Thomas Mitchell (Mitch) Wallis, Pavel Kabos, Charles T. Rogers, Victor M. Bright
In this paper, atomic layer deposited (ALD) alumina (Al2O3) has been demonstrated as the structural material for a micro-resonator for the first time.  An electrostatically actuated micro-bridge made of chromium (Cr) coated ALD Al2O3 was used as a

MEASUREMENTS FOR MECHANICAL RELIABILITY OF THIN FILMS

September 23, 2009
Author(s)
David T. Read, Alex Volinsky
This paper reviews techniques for measurement of basic mechanical properties of thin films. Emphasis is placed on the adaptations needed to prepare, handle, and characterize thin films, and on adaptations of fracture mechanics for adhesion strength. The

Recommendation for Digital Signature Timeliness

September 23, 2009
Author(s)
Elaine B. Barker
Establishing the time when a digital signature was generated is often a critical consideration. A signed message that includes the (purported) signing time provides no assurance that the private key was used to sign the message at that time unless the

Status Report on the First Round of the SHA-3 Cryptographic Hash Algorithm Competition

September 23, 2009
Author(s)
Andrew R. Regenscheid, Ray A. Perlner, Shu-jen H. Chang, John M. Kelsey, Mridul Nandi, Souradyuti Paul
The National Institute of Standards and Technology is in the process of selecting a new cryptographic hash algorithm through a public competition. The new hash algorithm will be referred to as SHA-3 and will complement the SHA-2 hash algorithms currently

Electromagnetic Fields in Cavities: Deterministic and Statistical Theories

September 21, 2009
Author(s)
David A. Hill
This book covers both deterministic and statistical theories of electromagnetic fields in cavities. Deterministic theory is based on resonant mode characteristics, such as quality factor, Q, and mode excitation via Dyadic Green s functions. Statistical

A Combinatorial Approach to Building Navigation Graphs for Dynamic Web Applications

September 20, 2009
Author(s)
Raghu N. Kacker, David R. Kuhn, James F. Lawrence, Wenhua Wang, Yu Lei, Sreedevi Sampath
Modeling the navigation structure of a dynamic web application is a challenging task because of the presence of dynamic pages. In particular, there are two problems to be dealt with: (1) the page explosion problem, i.e., the number of dynamic pages may be

Optical performance monitoring of PSK Data Channels using artificial neural networks trained with parameters derived from delay-tap asynchronous diagrams via balanced detection

September 20, 2009
Author(s)
Jeffrey A. Jargon, Xiaoxia Wu, Zhensheng Jia, Loukas Paraschis, Ronald Skoog, Alan Willner
We demonstrate a technique of using artificial neural networks for optical performance monitoring of PSK data signals. Parameters for training are derived from delay-tap asynchronous diagrams using balanced detection. We also compare the results with the

Unified Model for Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators’ Nonlinear Effects

September 20, 2009
Author(s)
Eduard Rocas, Juan C. Collado Gomez, James C. Booth, Enrique Iborra, Robert Aigner
We present a nonlinear model for Bulk Acoustic Wave resonators that combines different sources of nonlinearity, using device-independent material specific parameters, to predict the intermodulation and harmonics generation. The actual model accounts for

First approaches to standard protocols and reference materials for the assessment of potential hazards associated with nanomaterials

September 19, 2009
Author(s)
Iseult Lynch, Hans Bouwmeester, Hans Marvin, Alan Casey, Gordon Chambers, Markus Berges, Martin Clift, Teresa Fernandes, Lise Fjellsbo, Lucienne Juillerat, Gert Roebben, Christoph Klein, Qinglan Wu, Vincent A. Hackley, Jean-Pierre Kaiser, Wolfgang Kreyling, C. Michael Garner, Peter Hatto, Kenneth Dawson, Michael Riediker
This report presents the outcome of the discussions of 60 experts in the field of safety assessment of manufactured NMs from academia, industry, government and non-profit organizations on some of the critical issues pertaining to the development of

Nanoindentation of Si Nanostructures: Buckling and Friction at Nanoscales

September 18, 2009
Author(s)
Huai Huang, Bin Li, Qiu Zhao, Zhiquan Luo, Jay Im, Min Kang, Richard A. Allen, Michael W. Cresswell, Rui Huang, Paul S. Ho
A nanoindentation system was employed to characterize mechanical properties of silicon nanolines (SiNLs), which were fabricated by an anisotropic wet etching (AWE) process. The SiNLs had the linewidth ranging from 24 nm to 90 nm, having smooth and vertical

NMR-Based Microbial Metabolomics and the Temperature-Dependent Coral Pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus

September 18, 2009
Author(s)
Daniel W. Bearden, Arezue Boroujerdi, Tracey B. Schock, Alexander Meyers, Elizabeth C. Pollock, Sara Lien Huynh, Maria Vizcaino, Pamela J. Morris
Coral bleaching occurs when the symbioses between coral animals and their zooxanthellae is disrupted, either as part of a natural cycle or as the result of unusual events. The bacterium Vibrio coralliilyticus has been linked to coral disease globally (for

A Coherent Approach for Interrogating Polybenzoxazole Fibers for Residual Phosphoric Acid

September 17, 2009
Author(s)
Gale A. Holmes, Eun S. Park, Charles M. Guttman, Kathleen M. Flynn, John R. Sieber, Stephanie S. Watson, Kirk D. Rice
Because of the premature failure of soft-body armor that contains the active fiber poly [(benzo-[1,2-d:5,4-d']-benzoxazole-2,6-diyl)-1,4-phenylene] (PBO), the Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Considering Discourse References in Textual Entailment Annotation

September 17, 2009
Author(s)
Luisa Bentivogli, Ido Dagan, Hoa T. Dang, Danilo Giampiccolo, Medea L. Leggio, Bernardo Magnini
In the 2009 Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) challenge, a Search Pilot task has been introduced, aimed at finding all the sentences in a corpus which entail a set of given hypotheses. The preparation of the data set for this task has provided an
Displaying 27051 - 27075 of 74129