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Standards

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Displaying 451 - 475 of 830

New night vision goggle gain definition

May 12, 2015
Author(s)
Vyacheslav B. Podobedov, George P. Eppeldauer, Thomas C. Larason
A new definition is proposed for the calibration of Night Vision Goggle (NVG) gains. This definition is based on the measurement of radiometric input and output quantities of the NVG. While the old definition used the “equivalent fL” which is a non SI

Design and Capabilities of NISTs Scale-Model Smokestack Simulator (SMSS)

April 17, 2015
Author(s)
Aaron N. Johnson, Joey T. Boyd, Eric Harman, Mohammad M. Khalil, Jacob E. Ricker, Christopher J. Crowley, Rodney A. Bryant, Iosif I. Shinder
The amount of CO 2 emitted from a coal-fired power plant (CFPP) is measured by continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS) permanently installed in the exhaust smokestack. Both the CO 2 concentration and the bulk flow are continuously measured by CEMS

Micro-Flow Calibration Facility at NIST

April 15, 2015
Author(s)
James W. Schmidt, John D. Wright
The Fluid Metrology Group (FMG) at NIST is developing a primary, dynamic gravimetric liquid flow standard for use in the range 1 mL/min to 100 nL/min (and eventually lower). An elevated reservoir of water with a pressure head of a few centimeters provides

Pass / Fail / Inconclusive Criteria for Inter-Laboratory Comparisons

April 14, 2015
Author(s)
Blaza Toman, Bodo Mickan, Gerd Wubbeler, Olha Bodnar, Clemens Elster, John D. Wright
Inter-laboratory comparisons use the best available transfer standards to check participants uncertainty analyses, identify underestimated uncertainty claims or measurement errors, and improve the global measurement system. For some measurands (e.g. flow)

Thermal Effects on Critical Flow Venturis

April 14, 2015
Author(s)
John D. Wright, Aaron N. Johnson, Michael R. Moldover, Woong Kang, Liang Zhang
Critical flow venturis (CFVs) are widely used as working and transfer standards for gas flow measurement because of their long-term calibration stability (5 (e.g., a 2 mm throat diameter flowing air at 1 MPa), CFVs exhibit sensitivity to the environmental

NIST's Fully Dynamic Gravimetric Liquid Flowmeter Standard.

April 13, 2015
Author(s)
Jodie G. Pope, Aaron N. Johnson, Bernard J. Filla, Joey T. Boyd, Vern E. Bean, Christopher J. Crowley
We describe a new dynamic, gravimetric, liquid flow standard (LFS) that determines flow by measuring the rate of change of the liquid mass accumulating in a collection tank. The LFS is a fully- automated,15 kg/s system that uses a proportional–integral

Building a Spring-Transport Mechanism for Spinning Rotor Gauges

April 3, 2015
Author(s)
James A. Fedchak, Julia K. Scherschligt, Makfir Sefa, Nick Phandinh
Spinning rotor gauges (SRGs) are widely used as transfer standards in inter-laboratory comparisons and as secondary standards by calibration laboratories. In both of these applications, it is necessary to ship the SRG for calibration, often internationally

The role of standards in MEMS commercialization

April 1, 2015
Author(s)
Michael Gaitan
For many years, the development, creation and use of standards has played a valuable role in the successful commercialization of products, services and processes that address many industries and many applications. So it is with microelectromechanical

Draining Test Measures and Provers

March 26, 2015
Author(s)
Gloria D. Lee
This article reviews the correct procedures for draining 5-gallon test measures and truck mounted provers, frequently asked questions concerning the test procedures for draining test measures and provers, and provides information on additional training

Evaluating Smoldering Behavior of Fire-Blocking Barrier Fabrics

January 29, 2015
Author(s)
Shonali Nazare, William M. Pitts, Szabolcs Matko, Rick D. Davis
This study reports on the smoldering propensity of commercially available barrier fabrics (BFs) in a small-scale upholstered seating mock-up configuration. Most commercially available BFs are smolder resistant when tested alone over a standard flexible

CHAPTER 4: Density Standards and Traceability

December 17, 2014
Author(s)
Mark O. McLinden
Most instruments for measuring fluid density are not absolute instruments—they must be calibrated with one or more fluids of known density. The selection of appropriate calibration fluids is vital to achieving low uncertainty in a measurement. Also

Principles of Optical Radiometry and Measurement Uncertainty

November 27, 2014
Author(s)
Bettye C. Johnson, Howard W. Yoon, Joseph P. Rice, Albert C. Parr
The fundamental concepts of optical radiometry are developed from basic principles, with detailed explanations for radiance, irradiance, and reflectance. Examples of radiometric standards, in particular radiometers and reference sources are given, and the

NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program Summer 2013 Comparability Studies: Results for Round Robin LXXIV Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum and Round Robin 39 Ascorbic Acid in Human Serum

October 30, 2014
Author(s)
Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, David L. Duewer
The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program (MMQAP) for laboratories that measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes

NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program Winter 2013 Comparability Studies: Results for Round Robin LXXIII Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum and Round Robin 38 Ascorbic Acid in Human Serum

October 30, 2014
Author(s)
Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, David L. Duewer
The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program (MMQAP) for laboratories that measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes

NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 3.0

October 1, 2014
Author(s)
Chris Greer, David A. Wollman, Dean Prochaska, Paul A. Boynton, Jeffrey A. Mazer, Cuong Nguyen, Gerald FitzPatrick, Thomas L. Nelson, Galen H. Koepke, Allen R. Hefner Jr., Victoria Yan Pillitteri, Tanya L. Brewer, Nada T. Golmie, David H. Su, Allan C. Eustis, David Holmberg, Steven T. Bushby
Section 1305 of the Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 (Pub. L. 110-140) directs NIST ‘‘to coordinate the development of a framework that includes protocols and model standards for information management to achieve interoperability of

Optimization of Focused Ion Beam-Tomography for Superconducting Electronics

August 27, 2014
Author(s)
Aric W. Sanders, Anna E. Fox, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Alexandra Curtin
Superconducting electronics play an important role in quantum computation, ultra-low power electronics, voltage standards and magnetic sensors. Many of these applications rely on the microfabrication of superconducting circuits with multiple wiring layers

A 100 Tohm Guarded Hamon Transfer Standard

August 24, 2014
Author(s)
Dean G. Jarrett, Edward O'Brien, Marlin E. Kraft
Guarded Hamon transfer standards are used at NIST for scaling to high resistance levels. An improved design for a guarded Hamon transfer standard in the range from 1 TΩ to 100 TΩ is described. Measurements taken to select the primary and guard resistor

Accurate High-Ohmic Resistance Measurement Techniques up to 1 Pohm

August 24, 2014
Author(s)
Dean G. Jarrett, Gert Rietveld, Beat Jeckelmann
An overview is presented on precision high-ohmic resistance measurements for values of 100 Mohmand above. The two main measurement techniques in this resistance range are discussed, the current integration technique and the adapted Wheatstone bridge. The

Safety and Performance Standard Developments for Automated Guided Vehicles

July 23, 2014
Author(s)
Roger V. Bostelman, Tsai H. Hong, Roger D. Eastman
The American National Standards Institute/Industrial Truck Standards Development Foundation (ANSI/ITSDF) B56.5 Safety Standard committee for automated guided vehicles (AGVs) has been considering several changes to improve the standard. Of interest to the
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