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Jochen Vogl, Yong-Hyeon Yim, Kyoung-Seok Lee, Heidi Goenaga-Infante, Dmitriy Malinowskiy, Tongxiang Ren, Jun Wang, Robert D. Vocke Jr., Karen E. Murphy, Naoko Nonose, Olaf Rienitz, Janine Noordmann, Teemu Naeykki, Timo Sara-Aho, Bet?l Ari, Oktay Cankur
Isotope amount ratios are proving useful in an ever increasing array of applications that range from studies unravelling transport processes, to pinpointing the provenance of specific samples as well as trace element quantification by using isotope
Leonard M. Hanssen, Sergey Mekhontsev, Jinan Zeng, John H. Burnett
The Infrared Optical Properties of Materials program in the Sensor Science Division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) continues to upgrade its capabilities to provide comprehensive coverage of measurable infrared optical
Engineering information systems play an important role in the current era of digitization of manufacturing, which is also known as smart manufacturing. Traditionally, these engineering information systems spanned the lifecycle of a product by providing
Conrad E. Bock, Raphael Barbau, Anantha Narayanan Narayanan
An important aspect of systems and products is how they interact with their environment, including how they are operated. Behaviors external to systems usually involve people not trained in the details of how systems are designed and built, but who need to
Katherine E. Sharpless, David L. Duewer, Katrice A. Lippa, Andrew L. Rukhin
Although nutraceuticals and functional foods seem to be ill-defined terms, both are often used to indicate a food that contains compounds providing benefits beyond basic nutrition, often with the expectation that these compounds are protective against
Joshua B. Martin, Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Thierry Caillat, Ichiro Yonenaga, Martin L. Green
The Seebeck coefficient is the most widely measured property specific to thermoelectric materials. Presently, there is no consensus on measurement protocols and researchers employ a variety of techniques to measure the Seebeck coefficient. The
The building industry uses numerous engineering standards, building codes, specifications and regulations and a diverse set of industry vocabularies to describe, assess, and deliver constructed facilities. As part of the expanding use of building
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) requires general human systems integration (HSI) criteria for the design and development of human-machine interfaces for their technology, systems, equipment, and facilities. The goal of DHS Science and Technology
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) requires general human systems integration (HSI) criteria for the design and development of human-machine interfaces for the technology, systems, equipment, and facilities employed by its user population. HSI is
David L. Duewer, Margaret C. Kline, Katherine E. Sharpless, Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, Sam A. Margolis
The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program (MMQAP) for laboratories that measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes
In 2013 the ITRS Metrology Technical Working Group worked on updating the text and tables of the metrology chapter. New additions include a section on 3D nanometrology, a revised lithography metrology table, and an updated Interconnect section. The
This article, for publication in NIST OWM's Weights and Measures Connection newsletter, describes the requirements outlined in NIST Handbook 44 for addressing "special and unclassified equipment" in the commercial marketplace. The article provides guidance
This publication is a spreadsheet that calculates the mass and volume flow uncertainty for a piston prover liquid flow standard based on user inputs of component uncertainties. The calculations use the basis equation and uncertainty analysis presented in
The fact that the unit of mass might soon be derived from the Planck constant, rather than from an artifact standard, can seem daunting and downright baffling when viewed from the vantage point of our day to day perception of mass. After all, at
Rick L. Paul, William C. Davis, Karen E. Murphy, Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, Lee L. Yu, William F. Guthrie, Dennis D. Leber, Thomas W. Vetter
A newly developed procedure for determination of arsenic by radiochemical neutron activation analysis was used to measure arsenic in SRM 955c Toxic Elements in Caprine Blood and SRM 2668 Toxic Elements in Frozen Human Urine for the purpose of providing
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) has gone through a tremendous evolution to become a critical tool for many and diverse scientific and industrial applications. The high resolution of the SEM is especially suited for both qualitative and quantitative
Katarzyna E. Bielska, Daniel K. Havey, Gregory E. Scace, D Lisak, Allan H. Harvey, Joseph T. Hodges
The vapor pressure of hexagonal (Ih) ice was measured over the temperature range 175 K to 253.4 K and referenced to the value at the triple point of water. This experiment combined a highly accurate humidity generation system containing an ice-coated
Gregory C. Turk, Katherine E. Sharpless, Steven J. Christopher, Danielle Cleveland, Russell D. Day, Stephen E. Long, Elizabeth A. Mackey, Anthony F. Marlow, Rick L. Paul, John R. Sieber, Rabia Oflaz, Laura J. Wood, Lee L. Yu, Rolf L. Zeisler, Stephen A. Wise, James H. Yen, E. Greene, J. Harnly, I-P Ho, Joseph M. Betz, R. Q. Thompson, Candace Jongsma
Standard Reference Material (SRM) 3280 Multivitamin/Multielement Tablets was issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2009 and has certified and reference mass fraction values for 13 vitamins, 26 elements, and 2 carotenoids
John H. Lehman, Evangelos Theocharous, Savva Theocharous
A novel pyroelectric detector consisting of a vertically aligned nanotube array on thin silicon (VANTA/Si) bonded to a 60 μm thick crystal of LiTaO 3 has been fabricated. The performance of the VANTA/Si-coated pyroelectric detector was evaluated using
This paper describes new capabilities in the Systems Modeling Language that reduce the complexity of specifying systems through componentization, and increase the range of systems that can be specified. Modelers can identify portions of components
Amanda L. Forster, Kirk D. Rice, Michael A. Riley, Aaron M. Forster
This document describes recommendations provided to the National Institute of Justice's (NIJ) Special Technical Committee (STC) for the revision of the Stab Resistant Body Armor Standard related to the specification of idealized bust surrogates for armor
The high resolution of the SEM is especially useful for qualitative and quantitative applications for both nanotechnology and nanomanufacturing. But, should users be concerned about the imaging and measurements made with this instrument? Perhaps one should
Michael T. Postek, Andras Vladar, Premsagar P. Kavuri
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) has gone through a tremendous evolution to become a critical tool for many and diverse scientific and industrial applications. The improvements that have been made have significantly improved the overall SEM
Anantha Narayanan Narayanan, David J. Lechevalier, Katherine C. Morris, Sudarsan Rachuri
In order to develop the discipline of sustainable manufacturing, the language of discourse needs to be properly and clearly communicated, for both manufacturers and consumers. As a result a range of information standards that define the needed terminology