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Physics

Radiation

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Published Date
Displaying 226 - 250 of 266

Pinhole X -ray camera photos of an ECR ion source plasma

November 1, 2011
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, Sandor Biri, E Takacs, R. Racz, J. Palinkas
A 70 micrometer pinhole and an X-ray CCD camera in single photon counting mode were used to obtain spatially and spectral resolved images of an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source generated plasma. The method has good spatial resolution as well

The NIST EUV facility for advanced photoresist qualification using the witness-sample test

August 29, 2011
Author(s)
Steven E. Grantham, Charles S. Tarrio, Shannon B. Hill, Lee J. Richter, J. van Dijk, C. Kaya, N. Harned, R. Hoefnagels, M. Silova, J. Steinhoff
Before being used in an extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) scanner, photoresists must first be qualified to ensure that they will not excessively contaminate the scanner optics or other parts of the vacuum environment of the scanner. At the National Institute of

Supplementary comparison CCR(IK)-S2 of standards for absorbed dose to water Co-60 gamma radiation at radiation processing dose levels

July 25, 2011
Author(s)
Marc F. Desrosiers, D T. Burns, P J. Allisy-Roberts, P H. Sharpe, M. Pimpinella, V. Lourenco, Y. L Zhang, A Miller, V Generalova, V. Sochor
Eight national standards or absorbed dose to water in Co-60 gamma radiation at the dose levels used in radiation processing have been compared over the range from 1 kGy to 30 kGy using the alanine dosimeters of the NIST and the NPL as the transfer

Synchrotron radiation-based bilateral intercomparison of ultraviolet source calibrations

July 7, 2011
Author(s)
Uwe Arp, Zhigang Li, Ping-Shine Shaw, Mathias Richter, Roman Klein, Wolfgang Paustian, Reiner Thornagel
We report on a successful bilateral inter-comparison between the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In both laboratories deuterium lamps were calibrated using the calculability of

Energetic Photon Spectra from Targets Irradiated by Picoseconds Lasers

April 30, 2011
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, John F. Seely, Csilla Szabo, Uri Feldman, Hui Chen, Albert Henins
Photon spectra in the energy range 60 keV to 1 MeV were recorded from targets irradiated by the LLNL Titan and LLE EP picosecond lasers. The radiation consisted of K shell radiation, Bremsstrahlung radiation from MeV electrons, and preliminary evidence for

A Collaborative Enterprise for Multi-Stakeholder Participation in the Advancement of Quantitative Imaging

March 1, 2011
Author(s)
Lisa R. Karam, Andrew Buckler, Hugo J. Aerts, Bernard Bendriem, Claus Bendtsen, Ronald Boellaard, John M. Boone, Linda Bresolin, Deborah Burstein, William Bushnell, Patricia E. Cole, James J. Conklin, Gary S. Dorfman, Pamela S. Douglas, N. R. Dunnick, Willy Eidsaunet, Cathy Elsinger, Richard F. Frank, Constantine Gatsonis, Maryellen L. Giger, David Gustafson, Sandeep N. Gupta, Otto S. Hoekstra, Edward F. Jackson, Gary J. Kelloff, Paul E. Kinahan, Geoffrey McLennan, Colin G. Miller, P D. Mozley, Keith E. Muller, Kevin O'Donnell, Rick Patt, Divid Raunig, Mark Rosen, Heren Rupani, Lawrence H. Schwartz, Barry A. Siegel, A. G. Sorensen, Richard L. Wahl, John C. Waterton, Walter Wolf, Gudrun Zahlmann, Brian E. Zimmerman, Daniel C. Sullivan
Medical imaging has seen significant and rapid technical advances over the last decade, including image acquisition devices, processing and analysis software, and agents to enhance specificity. Traditionally medical imaging has defined anatomy, but

A Dosimetric Uncertainty Analysis for Photon-Emitting Brachytherapy Sources: Report of the AAPM Task Group No. 138 and GEC-ESTRO

February 1, 2011
Author(s)
Larry A. DeWerd, Geoffrey S. Ibbott, Ali S. Meigooni, Michael G. Mitch, Mark J. Rivard, Kurt E. Stump, Bruce R. Thomadsen, Jack L. Venselaar
This report addresses uncertainties pertaining to brachytherapy source dosimetry. The ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) and the NIST Technical Note 1297 are taken as reference standards for uncertainty formalism. Uncertainties

Bilateral NIST-PTB Comparison of Spectral Responsivity in the VUV

January 20, 2011
Author(s)
Uwe Arp, Ping-Shine Shaw, Zhigang Li, Alexander Gottwald, Mathias Richter
To compare the calibration capabilities for the spectral responsivity in the vacuum-ultraviolet spectral region between 135 nm and 250 nm, PTB and NIST agreed on a bilateral comparison. Calibrations of semiconductor photodiodes as transfer detectors were

TDCR Measurements on Pu-241 at NIST

December 21, 2010
Author(s)
Denis E. Bergeron, Brian E. Zimmerman
We have performed a series of measurements on a Pu-241 solution using the triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) liquid scintillation technique. A similar series of measurements in 2007 revealed significant discord between activity values determined via

Scaling studies with the dual crystal spectrometer at the OMEGA-EP laser facility

October 26, 2010
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, C.I Szabo, J. Workman, K. Flippo, Uri Feldman, Albert Henins
The dual crystal spectrometer (DCS) is an approved diagnostic at the OMEGA and the OMEGA-EP laser facilities for the measurement of high energy x-rays in the 11 90 keV energy range, e.g., for verification of the x-ray spectrum of backlighter targets of

Laser-produced MeV electrons and hard X-ray spectroscopic diagnostics

July 21, 2010
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, John F. Seely
A new spectroscopic technique for the measurement of the sizes of hard X-ray sources produced by the irradiation of solid-density targets by intense laser radiation is discussed. The technique is based on the source broadening of K shell spectral lines

Monte-Carlo Reaction Rate Evaluation for Astrophysics

June 2, 2010
Author(s)
Ryan P. Fitzgerald, A. Coc, R Longland, A E. Champagne
We present a new evaluation of thermonuclear reaction rates for astrophysics involving proton and a-particle induced reactions, in the target mass range between A=14 and 40, including many radioactive targets. A method based on Monte Carlo techniques is
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