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Physics

Optical physics and communications

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Displaying 676 - 700 of 853

High-resolution single-mode fiber-optic distributed Raman sensor for absolute temperature measurement using superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

November 17, 2011
Author(s)
Michael G. Tanner, Shellee D. Dyer, Burm Baek, Robert Hadfield, Sae Woo Nam
We demonstrate a distributed fiber Raman sensor for absolute temperature measurement with spatial resolution on the order of 1 cm at 1550 nm wavelength in single mode fiber using superconducting nanowire single photon detectors. Rapid measurements are

Dual comb-based characterization of rapidly tuned lasers

October 20, 2011
Author(s)
Fabrizio R. Giorgetta, Esther Baumann, Ian R. Coddington, William C. Swann, Nathan R. Newbury, Zeb W. Barber, Peter Roos
Time-resolved, high-accuracy and high-resolution spectroscopy of rapidly tuned cw lasers is critical to realizing their full potential for sensing, but is not possible with conventional spectrometers. We demonstrate a coherent dual-comb-based spectrometer

A coherent dual-comb spectrometer at 3.4 ym for accurate line center measurement of methane

October 10, 2011
Author(s)
Esther Baumann, Fabrizio R. Giorgetta, Ian R. Coddington, William C. Swann, Alexander M. Zolot, Nathan R. Newbury
Doppler-broadened methane lines around 3.4 υm are measured with a coherent dual-comb spectrometer with an absolute-frequency axis. The obtained accuracy of the line-center frequency is 300 kHz, about 1 part per thousand of the linewidth.

Coalescence of Single Photons Emitted by Disparate Single Photon Sources: The Example of InAs Quantum Dots and Parametric Down-Conversion Sources

October 5, 2011
Author(s)
Sergey V. Polyakov, Andreas Muller, Alexander E. Ling, Natalia B. Rutter, Edward B. Flagg, Edward Van Keuren, Alan L. Migdall, Glenn S. Solomon
In quantum mechanics, particles in identical states are indistinguishable, giving rise to effects with no classical analog. Single photons produced by fundamentally dissimilar physical processes will in general not be indistinguishable. We show how photons

A synchrotron beamline for extreme-ultraviolet photoresist testing

September 30, 2011
Author(s)
Charles S. Tarrio, Steven E. Grantham, Shannon B. Hill, Nadir S. Faradzhev, Lee J. Richter, Chester Knurek, Thomas B. Lucatorto
Before being used in an extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) scanner, photoresists must first be evaluated for sensitivity and tested to ensure that they will not contaminate the scanner optics. The new NIST facility described here provides data on the contamination

Enhanced coupling between light and surface plasmons by nanostructured Fabry-Perot resonator

September 26, 2011
Author(s)
Brian S. Dennis, Vladimir Aksyuk, Michael Haftel, Stefan T. Koev, Girsh Blumberg
It is recognized that surface plasmons (SPs),which can be present on particulate, smooth, or corrugated metallic surfaces, have enormous potential in the fields of novel nano-optical and opto-electronic devices, as well as in spectroscopic, biological, and

Efficient quantum dot single photon extraction into an optical fiber using a nanophotonic directional coupler

September 19, 2011
Author(s)
Marcelo I. Davanco, Matthew T. Rakher, W. Wegscheider, Dieter Schuh, Antonio Badolato, Kartik A. Srinivasan
We demonstrate a spectrally broadband and efficient technique for collecting photoluminescence from a single InAs quantum dot directly into a standard single mode optical fiber. In this approach, an optical fiber taper waveguide is placed in contact with a

Are Electron Tweezers Possible?

September 6, 2011
Author(s)
Vladimir P. Oleshko, James M. Howe
Positively answering the question above, we demonstrate in this work single electron beam trapping and steering of 20-100 nm solid Al nanoparticles generated inside opaque submicron-sized molten Al-Si eutectic alloy spheres. Imaging of solid nanoparticles

The NIST EUV facility for advanced photoresist qualification using the witness-sample test

August 29, 2011
Author(s)
Steven E. Grantham, Charles S. Tarrio, Shannon B. Hill, Lee J. Richter, J. van Dijk, C. Kaya, N. Harned, R. Hoefnagels, M. Silova, J. Steinhoff
Before being used in an extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) scanner, photoresists must first be qualified to ensure that they will not excessively contaminate the scanner optics or other parts of the vacuum environment of the scanner. At the National Institute of

Dual comb-based characterization of rapidly tuned lasers

August 13, 2011
Author(s)
Fabrizio R. Giorgetta, Esther Baumann, Ian R. Coddington, William C. Swann, Nathan R. Newbury, Zeb Barber, Peter Roos
Time-resolved, high-accuracy and high-resolution spectroscopy of rapidly tuned cw lasers is critical to realizing their full potential for sensing, but is not possible with conventional spectrometers. We demonstrate a coherent dual-comb-based spectrometer

Precision spectroscopy with frequency combs at 3.4 ym

August 2, 2011
Author(s)
Esther Baumann, Fabrizio R. Giorgetta, William C. Swann, Alexander M. Zolot, Ian R. Coddington, Nathan R. Newbury
We discuss precision spectroscopy with a comb-based spectrometer at 3.4 υm. Our goal is to explore comb-based spectroscopy as an alternative method for fast, highly resolved, accurate measurements of gas line shapes. The spectrometer uses dual 1.5 υm

A circular dielectric grating for vertical extraction of single quantum dot emission

July 25, 2011
Author(s)
Marcelo I. Davanco, Matthew T. Rakher, Dieter Schuh, Antonio Badolato, Kartik A. Srinivasan
We demonstrate a suspended circular grating composed of partially etched annular trenches in a thin GaAs membrane, designed for e±cient and moderately broadband ( approx. 5 nm) extraction of emission from single InAs quantum dots. Simulations indicate that

Synchrotron radiation-based bilateral intercomparison of ultraviolet source calibrations

July 7, 2011
Author(s)
Uwe Arp, Zhigang Li, Ping-Shine Shaw, Mathias Richter, Roman Klein, Wolfgang Paustian, Reiner Thornagel
We report on a successful bilateral inter-comparison between the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In both laboratories deuterium lamps were calibrated using the calculability of

Frequency-comb based approaches to precision ranging laser radar

June 20, 2011
Author(s)
Nathan R. Newbury, Tze-Ann Liu, Ian R. Coddington, Fabrizio R. Giorgetta, Esther Baumann, William C. Swann
The output of pulsed femtosecond lasers can be controlled to generate pulse trains with very precise timing and optical frequency. This source can be used in different ways to support precision coherent LIDAR. We will discuss several implementations of

Electromagnetic Energy Density in Dispersive and Dissipative Media

June 1, 2011
Author(s)
Frederico D. Nunes, Thiago Vasconcelos, Marcel Bezerra, John Weiner
The description of the energy density associated with an electromagnetic field propagating through matter must treat two different phenomena: dispersion, the variation of the refractive index with frequency, and dissipation, the loss of field energy by

Effects of Roughness on Scatterometry Signatures

May 26, 2011
Author(s)
Martin Foldyna, Thomas Germer, Brent Bergner
We used azimuthally-resolved spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry to study a periodic silicon line structure with and without artificially-generated line edge roughness (LER). Grating profiles were determined from multiple azimuthal configurations

Dual-comb based measurement of frequency agile lasers.

May 1, 2011
Author(s)
Ian R. Coddington, Fabrizio R. Giorgetta, Esther Baumann, William C. Swann, Nathan R. Newbury
Properly stabilized, frequency combs form high accuracy references across much of the optical spectrum. Here we employ dual frequency combs to harness this accuracy for fast and high resolution measurements of swept CW sources.

Microresonator based optical frequency combs

April 29, 2011
Author(s)
Scott A. Diddams, T. J. Klippenberg
Optical frequency combs based on mode-locked laser sources have provided unprecedented measurement capabilities for optical frequencies, enabling new applications in a wide range of topics that include atomic clocks, ultracold gases, molecular

Small-sized dichroic atomic vapor laser lock

April 21, 2011
Author(s)
Svenja A. Knappe, Changmin Lee, Geoffrey Z. Iwata, Eric Corsini, James M. Higbie, Micah P. Ledbetter, Dimitry Budkerl
Two, lightweight diode laser frequency stabilization systems designed for experiments in the field are described. Similar to a previous design, magnetic-field lines are contained within a magnetic shield enclosing permanent magnets and Rb cells, so that this
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