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Metrology

Flow metrology & rheology

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Displaying 101 - 125 of 177

Evaluation of Oral Fluid Testing Devices

April 1, 2009
Author(s)
Lorna T. Sniegoski, Jocelyn L. Prendergast, Michael J. Welch, Alim A. Fatah, M Gackstetter, R. Q. Thompson
Several point-of-collection (POC) devices for detection of drugs of abuse in oral fluid were studied. The ability of the devices to meet the manufacturers' claims and their practical application to detection of drugs of abuse at low concentrations in oral

Natural Gas Flow Calibration Service

August 1, 2008
Author(s)
Aaron N. Johnson
This document describes NIST's high pressure natural gas flow calibration service (NGFCS). Flow calibrations are conducted offsite at the Colorado Experimental Engineering Station Incorporated (CEESI) in Garner, Iowa. A parallel array of nine turbine meter

Shear Thinning Near the Critical Point of Xenon

April 17, 2008
Author(s)
Robert F. Berg, Michael R. Moldover, M Yao, G A. Zimmerli
We measured shear thinning, a viscosity decrease ordinarily associated with complex liquids, near the critical point of xenon. The data span the range of reduced shear rates: 0.001 < γτ < 700, where γτ is the shear rate scaled by the relaxation time τ of

Reference Viscosities of H 2 , CH 4 , Ar and Xe at Low Densities

August 1, 2007
Author(s)
E May, Robert F. Berg, Michael R. Moldover
We determined the zero-density viscosity eta of hydrogen, methane and argon in the temperature range 200 K to 400 K, with standard uncertainties of 0.084 % for hydrogen and argon and 0.096 % for methane. These uncertainties are dominated by the uncertainty

The Polarizability of Helium and Gas Metrology

June 22, 2007
Author(s)
James W. Schmidt, R Gavioso, E May, Michael R. Moldover
Using a quasi-spherical, microwave cavity resonator, we measured the refractive index of helium to deduce its molar polarizability A ε in the limit of zero density. We obtained (A ε,meas - A ε,theory)/A ε = (-1.8plus or minus} 8.4)× 10 -6, where the

Anomalous Behavior of Teflon-Based Helium Permeation Flow Standards

June 1, 2007
Author(s)
Patrick J. Abbott, Justin H. Chow
Helium leak testing is a vital step in assuring product reliability for anything that must be packaged in a sealed container. Examples abound from blister packaging for pharmaceuticals to aluminum wheel rims for automobiles. In order to quantify detected

NIST Calibration Services for Water Flowmeters Water Flow Calibration Facility

August 1, 2006
Author(s)
Iosif I. Shinder, Iryna V. Marfenko
This document describes the Water Flow Calibration Facility (WFCF) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This facility has three parallel pipelines with diameters of 100, 200 and 400 mm and three weighing systems with capacities of

Relaxation Effects in Small Critical Nozzles

January 1, 2006
Author(s)
Aaron N. Johnson, C L. Merkle, Michael R. Moldover, John D. Wright
We computed the flow of four gases (He, N 2, CO 2, and SF 6) through a critical nozzle by augmenting traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with a rate equation that accounts for τ relax, a species-dependent relaxation time that characterizes the

Gas Flowmeter Calibrations with the 34 L and 677 L PVTt Standards

June 23, 2004
Author(s)
John D. Wright, Aaron N. Johnson, Michael R. Moldover, Gina M. Kline
This document provides a description of the 34 L and 677 L pressure, volume, temperature, and time (PVTt) primary gas flow standards operated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Fluid Flow Group. These facilities are used to

Fluorescence Thermometry in Microfluidics

September 29, 2003
Author(s)
David J. Ross, Laurie E. Locascio
Two techniques are described for the measurement of fluid temperatures in microfluidic systems based on temperature-dependent fluorescence. In the first technique, a single, strongly temperature-dependent fluorophore, rhodamine B, is used as the basis for

Liquid Agent Transport Around Solid Obstacles

May 1, 2002
Author(s)
Cary Presser, J F. Widmann, G Papadopoulos
The focus of this effort is to investigate the dispersal of liquid fire suppression agents around solid obstacles, and obtain a better understanding of the physical processes of droplet transport in cluttered spaces. An experimental investigation is

Speed of Sound as a Thermodynamic Property of Fluids

September 15, 2001
Author(s)
Daniel G. Friend
In this chapter, we review the principles of sound propagation in fluid systems. From a study of the hydrodynamic equations, sound propagation is shown to be a wave phenomenon. The speed of sound then can be derieved at any state point from a knowledge of
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