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Materials

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Displaying 1726 - 1750 of 2343

Contact resistance of low-temperature carbon nanotube vertical interconnects

August 20, 2012
Author(s)
Ann C. Chiaramonti Debay, Sten Vollebregt, R. Ishihara, Hugo Schellevis, Kees Beenakker
In this work the electrical contact resistance and length dependant resistance of vertically aligned carbon nano- tubes (CNT) grown at 500 °C with high tube density (1011) are investigated by measuring samples with different CNT lengths. From scanning

INVESTIGATING THE MECHANISM OF ENZYME-CATALYZED RING-OPENING COPOLYMERIZATIONS

August 19, 2012
Author(s)
Matthew T. Hunley, Fahriye N. Sari, Kathryn L. Beers
As the research interest in degradable polymers has risen, an ever increasing number of manuscripts report the synthesis of copolymers through ring-opening copolymerization techniques. However, the mechanism of copolymerization remains unexplored. In

Characterization of Surface Accumulation and Release of Nanosilica During Irradiation of Polymer Nanocomposites with Ultraviolet Light

August 12, 2012
Author(s)
Tinh Nguyen, Bastien T. Pellegrin, Coralie Bernard, Savelas A. Rabb, Paul E. Stutzman, Justin M. Gorham, Xiaohong Gu, Lee L. Yu, Joannie W. Chin
Nanofillers are increasingly used for enhancing multiple properties of polymeric materials in many applications. However, polymers are susceptible to photodegradation by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation Therefore, nanofillers in a polymer nanocomposite

Thermogravimetric Analysis with a Heated Quartz Crystal Microbalance

August 11, 2012
Author(s)
Ward L. Johnson, Elisabeth Mansfield
Thermogravimetric analysis with an SC-cut quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) were demonstrated at temperatures in the range from 20 C to 450 C. A measurement system was built around a crystal sensor head that was mounted in a small tube furnace. Changes in

Ionic Liquid Facilitated Introduction of Functional Materials into Biopolymer Polymer Substrates

August 2, 2012
Author(s)
Shonali Nazare, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Mauro Zammarano, Luke Haverhals, W.Matthew Reichert, Hugh De Long, Paul C. Trulove
In addition to being efficient solvents for biopolymers, several ionic liquids (ILs) have been shown to be effective solvents for synthetic polymers such as meta-aramids, i.e., Nomex ® (1-5). In this report, meta-aramid/cotton composites are generated by

Determination of graphene work function and graphene-insulator-semiconductor band alignment by internal photoemission spectroscopy

July 11, 2012
Author(s)
Rusen Yan, Qin Zhang, Wei Li, Irene G. Calizo, Tian T. Shen, Curt A. Richter, Angela R. Hight Walker, Xuelei X. Liang, David J. Gundlach, Nhan Van Nguyen, Huili G. Xing, Alan Seabaugh
We determined the band alignment of a graphene-oxide-silicon structure using internal photoemission spectroscopy. From the flatband voltage and Dirac voltage we infer a 4.3  10e11 cm-2 negative extrinsic charge present on the graphene surface. Also, we

More Durable or Vulnerable? --- Effect of Nanoparticles on Long-Term Performance of Polymeric Nanocomposites during UV Exposure

July 2, 2012
Author(s)
Xiaohong Gu, Minhua Zhao, Stephanie S. Watson, Tinh Nguyen, Joannie W. Chin, Jonathan W. Martin, Dongmei Zhe, Guodong Chen
Polymers are widely used as exterior coatings in buildings, bridges, aircrafts, and automobiles for both protection and aesthetic purposes. However, the sustainability and service life of the applied coatings is limited due to the photodegradation of

RESONANCE ENERGY TRANSFER AS A TOOL FOR PROBING INTERFACE FORMATION IN NANOCOMPOSITES

June 24, 2012
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Edward D. McCarthy, Douglas M. Fox, Paul H. Maupin, Li Piin Sung, Yeon S. Kim
One of the most enduring problems in the evolution of science and technology using nanoscale materials is the characterization of their morphology in macroscopic systems.1 This involves spatial and orientation distribution, which may be multimodal and

Synthesis and characterization of model crosslinked polyamide films for water purification

June 24, 2012
Author(s)
Peter M. Johnson, Edwin Chan, Jun Y. Chung, Junghyun Lee, Christopher Stafford
Reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes are comprised of a dense active layer supported by a porous support. Commercial active layer are highly crosslinked polyamides that are formed through interfacial polymerization directly on the support

Graphene Epitaxial Growth on SiC(0001) for Resistance Standards

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Mariano A. Real, Tian T. Shen, George R. Jones Jr., Randolph Elmquist, Johannes A. Soons, Albert Davydov
Epitaxial growth of graphene layers on 6H-SiC(0001) substrates have been studied in order to improve graphene's performance for metrological applications. A face-to-face (FTF) sublimation method at 2000 °C and in Ar background atmosphere is used to inhibit

Strain and Magnetic-Field Characterization of a Bronze-Route Nb 3 Sn ITER Wire: Benchmarking of Strain Measurement Facilities at NIST and University of Twente

June 1, 2012
Author(s)
Najib Cheggour, Arend Nijhuis, H J. Krooshoop, Xifeng Lu, Jolene D. Splett, Theodore C. Stauffer, Loren F. Goodrich, Matthew C. Jewell, Arnaud Devred, Y Nabara
A benchmarking experiment was conducted to compare strain measurement facilities at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Twente. The critical current of a bronze-route Nb 3Sn wire, which was fabricated for the

Optimization of Imaging Polymer Based Scaffolds Using X-Ray Microcomputed Tomography

May 15, 2012
Author(s)
David E. Morris, Melissa L. Mather, Carl Simon Jr., John A. Crowe
The performance of polymer based scaffolds used in regenerative medicine is linked to their structural properties and as such strategies for structural characterization of scaffolds have been developed. X-ray microscopic computed tomography (X-ray micro CT

Inelastic Neutron Scattering on Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

May 7, 2012
Author(s)
Huagen H. Peng, Madhu Sudan Tyagi, Kirt A. Page, Christopher Soles
The relationship between ion transport and polymer dynamics is central to the pursuit of solid polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries. This understanding is critical to achieve solid polymer electrolyte systems of sufficiently high ion conductivities

Gas-Foamed Scaffold Gradients for Combinatorial Screening in 3D

May 1, 2012
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Kaushik Chatterjee, Alison M. Kraigsley, Joachim Kohn, Durgadas Bolikal
Current methods for screening cell-material interactions typically utilize two-dimensional (2D) culture format where cells are cultured on flat surfaces. However, there is a need for combinatorial and high-throughput screening methods to systematically

Osteoblast Response to Serum Protein Adsorption in 3D Polymer Scaffolds

May 1, 2012
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Girish Kumar, Kaushik Chatterjee, Stevephen Hung
Protein adsorption is known to direct biological response to biomaterials and is important in determining cellular response in tissue scaffolds. In this study we investigated the effect of adsorbed serum proteins on cell attachment and proliferation in

Ultra-Small-Angle X-ray Scattering-X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy: A New Measurement Technique for in-situ Studies of Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Dynamics

May 1, 2012
Author(s)
Fan Zhang, Andrew J. Allen, Lyle E. Levine, Jan Ilavsky, Gabrielle G. Long
Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering—X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USAXS-XPCS) is a novel measurement technique for the study of equilibrium and slow nonequilibrium dynamics in disordered materials. This technique fills an existing gap between the

A review of fire blocking technologies for soft furnishings

April 23, 2012
Author(s)
Shonali Nazare, Rick D. Davis
Fire barrier fabrics are expected to play an increasingly important role in complying with existing and proposed soft furnishing flammability regulations. The number of commercial fire blocking technologies is large in order to accommodate the vast
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