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Materials

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Displaying 1701 - 1725 of 2343

High-energy Ultra-Small Angle X-ray Scattering Instrument at the Advanced Photon Source

December 1, 2012
Author(s)
Andrew J. Allen, Lyle E. Levine, Fan Zhang, Gabrielle G. Long, Jan Ilavsky, Pete R. Jemian
This paper reports recent tests performed on the Bonse-Hart-type ultra-small angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) instrument at the Advanced Photon Source with higher-order reflection optics — Si (440) instead of Si (220) — and with X-ray energies greater than

Molecular beam growth of graphene nanocrystals on dielectric substrates

November 27, 2012
Author(s)
Daniel Fischer, Ulrich Wurstbauer, Theanne Schiros, Cherno Jaye, A. S. Plaut, R. He, Albert Rigosi, Liuyan Zhao, Christopher Gutierrez, P. Kim, L. N. Pfeiffer, A. Pasupathy, A. Pinczuk, J. M. Garcia
A variety of methods have been reported to create graphene. These include the pervasive mechanical exfoliation of graphite1, as well as methods that obtain large area graphene such as thermal decomposition of SiC2,3, chemical vapor deposition on transition

Formation of Extended Ionomeric Network by Bulk Polymerization of L,D-lactide with Layered Double Hydroxide

November 22, 2012
Author(s)
Edward D. McCarthy, Mauro Zammarano, Douglas M. Fox, Ryan Nieuwendaal, Yeon S. Kim, P H. Maupin, Paul C. Trulove, Jeffrey W. Gilman
We report the formation of an ionomeric network in a poly(L,D-lactide) hybrid nanocomposite, (PLDLA-HYB) during in-situ melt polymerization of L,D lactide in the presence of magnesium/aluminium layered-double-hydroxide (LDH) without added catalyst. The

Capillary Wave Dynamics of Thin Polymer films over Submerged Nanostructures

November 16, 2012
Author(s)
Christopher L. Soles, Hyun W. Ro, K. J. Alvine, Oleg Shpyrko, Yenling Dai, Alec Sandy, Suresh Narayanan
The surface dynamics of thin molten polystyrene films supported by nanoscale periodic silicon line-space gratings were investigated with X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. Surface dynamics over these nanostructures exhibit high directional anisotropy

Giant piezoelectricity in PMN-PT thin films: Beyond PZT

November 1, 2012
Author(s)
S. H. Baek, M. S. Rzchowski, Vladimir Aksyuk
Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) incorporating piezoelectric layers provide active transduction between electrical and mechanical energy, which enables highly sensitive sensors and low-voltage driven actuators surpassing the passive operation of

High temperature thermoelectric properties of p-type skutterudites BaxYbyCo4-zFezSb12

October 23, 2012
Author(s)
Yongkwan Dong, Pooja Puneet, Terry M. Tritt, Joshua Martin, George S. Nolas
Several polycrystalline p-type skutterudites with compositions BaxYbyCo4-zFezSb12, with varied filler concentrations x and y, and z = 1 to 2, have been synthesized by first reacting the constituents and subsequent solid state annealing, followed by

Anisotropic, Hierarchical Surface Patterns via Surface Wrinkling of Nanoimprinted Polymer Films

October 22, 2012
Author(s)
Junghyun Lee, Hyun W. Ro, Rui Huang, Thomas Germer, Paul Lemaillet, Christopher Soles, Christopher Stafford
we demonstrated the wrinkling behavior of nanopatterned PS films, whose wrinkle wavelength and resultant morphology depend strongly on geometric parameters of surface patterns as well as the direction of the applied strain relative to the nanopattern

Controlling Thermochromism in a Photonic Block Copolymer Gel

September 26, 2012
Author(s)
Joseph J. Walish, Yin Fan , Andrea Centrone, Edwin L. Thomas
Controlling the color via temperature-induced changes of self-assembled photonic materials is important for their application in sensors and displays. The thermochromic behavior of a PS-P2VP photonic gel was studied (UV-VIS, FTIR) and found to originate

Factors Influencing the Smoldering Performance of Polyurethane Foam

September 26, 2012
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Szabolcs Matko, Roland H. Kraemer, Rick D. Davis, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Shivani N. Mehta
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether polyurethane foam (PUF) could be produced as a standard reference material for ultimate use in a standard test intended to ensure the smoldering performance of commercially available upholstered furniture

UV-induced photochemical transformations of citrate capped silver nanoparticle suspensions

September 14, 2012
Author(s)
Justin M. Gorham, Robert I. MacCuspie, Kate L. Klein, D H. Fairbrother, Richard D. Holbrook
Due to the increasing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in consumer products, it is essential to understand how variables, such as light exposure, may change the physical and chemical characteristics of AgNP suspensions. To this end, the effect of 300 nm

FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH OF TWO X52 PIPELINE STEELS IN A PRESSURIZED HYDROGEN ENVIRONMENT

September 9, 2012
Author(s)
Andrew J. Slifka, Elizabeth S. Drexler, Neha N. Rustagi, Damian S. Lauria, Joseph D. McColskey, Robert L. Amaro
Fatigue crack growth tests were conducted on two API 5L X52 pipeline steel alloys. One alloy was from a new linepipe that was installed for hydrogen service in 2011. The other alloy was from a vintage pipe that first saw natural gas service in 1964

Assessment of Factors Affecting Fire Performance of Mattresses: A Review

September 3, 2012
Author(s)
Rick D. Davis, Shonali Nazare, Kathryn M. Butler
An in-depth analysis of U.S. residential fire statistics shows that although the total number of fires and deaths due to mattress fires has dropped as a result of several regulatory approaches, the mattress/bedding fires continue to account for one of the

Service Life Prediction for Sealants

August 27, 2012
Author(s)
Christopher C. White, Donald L. Hunston, Kar T. Tan
Previous industry consensus postulated that four elements of the weather: Temperature, Humidity, Ultraviolet Radiation, and Mechanical loading were responsible for the majority of the changes observed in sealants exposed to outdoor weathering. The NIST
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