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Manufacturing

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Displaying 201 - 225 of 2183

Quantitative Determination of Cell Viability Using Absorbance Microscopy

January 19, 2022
Author(s)
Greta Babakhanova, Stephen Zimmerman, Laura Pierce, Sumona Sarkar, Nicholas Schaub, Carl Simon Jr.
Cell viability is an essential measurement for cell therapy products. One of the most common tests is Trypan blue (TB) dye exclusion where blue-stained cells are counted via imaging. Typically, live and dead cells are counted based on pixel intensities of

A Fundamental Equation of State for Vinyl Chloride

January 10, 2022
Author(s)
Monika Thol, Florian Fenkl, Eric W. Lemmon
A fundamental equation of state in terms of the Helmholtz energy is presented for vinyl chloride. Due to its fundamental nature, it can be used to consistently calculate all thermodynamic state properties in the fluid region. Based on the underlying

In situ absorption synchrotron measurements, predictive modeling, microstructural analysis, and scanning probe measurements of laser melted Ti-6Al-4V single tracks for additive manufacturing applications

December 29, 2021
Author(s)
Nicholas Derimow, Edwin Schwalbach, Jake Benzing, Jason Killgore, Aly Artusio-Glimpse, Nik Hrabe, Brian Simonds
In this work, the fundamental processing-structure-property (PSP) relationships that govern laser-based additive manufacturing were investigated with the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. X-ray synchrotron imaging carried out in conjunction with in-situ integrating sphere

BUILDING A DIGITAL TWIN FOR ROBOT WORKCELL PROGNOSTICS AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT

December 15, 2021
Author(s)
Deogratias Kibira, Guodong Shao, Brian A. Weiss
The application of robot workcells increases the efficiency and cost effectiveness of manufacturing systems. However, during operation, robots naturally degrade leading to performance deterioration. Monitoring, diagnostics, and prognostics (collectively

Circular Economy in the High-Tech World Workshop Report

December 14, 2021
Author(s)
Martin L. Green, Kelsea Schumacher
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) held a Technical Workshop on January 27 and 28, 2021 to assess the state and challenges of a Circular Economy (CE) in the High-Tech World. Scientists, researchers, and program managers in the CE

Experiments to Test the A-UGV Capabilities Standard

December 8, 2021
Author(s)
Soocheol Yoon, Roger V. Bostelman, Ann Virts
Automatic, Automated, or Autonomous - Unmanned Ground Vehicles (A-UGVs), as referred to by ASTM International Committee F45, are industrial vehicles that have capabilities to navigate, dock, avoid obstacles, and interact with other vehicles and systems all

A Data Integration Framework for Additive Manufacturing Big Data Management

December 7, 2021
Author(s)
Milica Perisic, Dimitrije Milenkovic, Yan Lu, Albert T. Jones, Nenad Ivezic, Boonserm Kulvatunyou
Large amounts of data are generated throughout the entire, AM, part-development lifecycle. Data are generated by various functions within process monitoring, material characterization, equipment status, and part qualification. Hence, data integration and

Sintered powder oxidation variation as a function of build height for titanium alloy produced by electron beam powder-bed fusion

November 26, 2021
Author(s)
Nicholas Derimow, Alejandro Romero, Aldo Rubio, Cesar Terrazas, Francisco Medina, Ryan Wicker, Nik Hrabe
It is well-established that titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) powder oxidizes during electron beam powder-bed fusion (PBF-EB) due to the high background temperatures resulting from layer preheating and sintering of the powder bed before melting. However, it is

A Comparison of Particle Size Distribution and Morphology Data acquired using Lab-based and Commercially Available Techniques: Application to Stainless Steel Powder

November 17, 2021
Author(s)
Justin Whiting, Edward Garboczi, Vipin Tondare, John Henry J. Scott, Alkan Donmez, Shawn P. Moylan
The particle size distribution (PSD) and particlemorphology ofmetal powders undoubtedly affects the quality of parts produced by additivemanufacturing (AM). It is, therefore, crucial to accurately knowthe PSD and morphology of these powders. There exist

Evaluation of a Modified Void Descriptor Function to Uniquely Characterize Pore Networks and Predict Fracture Location in Additively Manufactured Metals

November 15, 2021
Author(s)
Dillon Watring, Jake Benzing, Orion Kafka, Li-Anne Liew, Newell Moser, John Erickson, Nik Hrabe, Ashley Spear
Variations in additive manufacturing (AM) processing parameters can lead to variations in porosity, making it challenging to predict pore- or void-sensitive mechanical response in AM metals. A recently developed pore metric, the void descriptor function

Manufacturing USA Highlights Report

November 5, 2021
Author(s)
Zahraha Brunner, Frank W. Gayle
A summary of technology innovation and workforce development projects by the Manufacturing USA network for FY 2020.

Annual Report on U.S. Manufacturing Industry Statistics: 2021

October 29, 2021
Author(s)
Douglas Thomas
This report provides a statistical review of the U.S. manufacturing industry. There are three aspects of U.S. manufacturing that are considered: (1) how the U.S. industry compares to other countries, (2) the trends in the domestic industry, and (3) the

STEP File Analyzer and Viewer User Guide (Update 7)

October 13, 2021
Author(s)
Robert R. Lipman
The STEP File Analyzer and Viewer opens a STEP (ISO 10303 - STandard for Exchange of Product model data) Part 21 file and (1) generates a spreadsheet or CSV files of all entity and attribute information, (2) creates a visualization (view) of part geometry

Challenges in Setting up a Manufacturing Plant during Pandemic

September 5, 2021
Author(s)
kiwook jung, Scott Nieman, Boonserm Kulvatunyou
Pandemic of 2019 brought on many challenges. Sustaining manufacturing production is one of them. Some market segments may experience reductions in demands, while other market segments may experience explosions. Companies have to deal with these changing

SHARING STANDARDIZED COMPOSITE MATERIAL DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING INFORMATION

September 1, 2021
Author(s)
Allison Barnard Feeney, Keith A. Hunten
Composite structures have been developed for use in aerospace, automotive, sports and marine industries since the early 1940s. Compared to conventional metallic structures, high-performance composite structures provide benefits such as decreased weight and

Assessing Industrial Robot agility through international competitions

August 31, 2021
Author(s)
Anthony Downs, Zeid Kootbally, William Harrison, Pavlo Piliptchak, Brian Antonishek, Murat Aksu, Craig I. Schlenoff
Manufacturing and Industrial Robotics have reached a point where in order to be more useful to small and medium sized manufacturers, the systems must become more agile and able to adapt to changes in the environment. This paper describes the process for

Quantifying Machining Process Inventories In Detailed Design

August 24, 2021
Author(s)
William Z. Bernstein, Till Boettjer, Deverajan Ramanujan
This paper quantifies machining process inventories based on commonly used techniques in various stages of the detailed design process. We investigate variabilities in process inventories between these techniques and their relation to manufacturing process

Visualizing Model-based Product Definitions in Augmented Reality

August 23, 2021
Author(s)
Teodor Vernica, Robert R. Lipman, William Z. Bernstein
Augmented reality (AR) technologies present immense potential for the design and manufacturing communities. However, coordinating traditional engineering data representations into AR systems without loss of context and information remains a challenge. A
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