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Fire

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Displaying 1076 - 1100 of 3910

Better IAQ using ASHRAE Guide

May 3, 2010
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, Martha Hewett
Over the years, there have been many important contributions directed towards improving IAQ in buildings, including Standard 62.1 and other publications (EPA and NIOSH 1991; SMACNA 2007). In addition, ASHRAE, the International Society for Indoor Air

Direct Evidence of Nanoparticle Release from Epoxy Nanocomposites Exposed to UV Radiation

April 14, 2010
Author(s)
Tinh Nguyen, Bastien T. Pellegrin, Coralie Bernard, Xiaohong Gu, Justin M. Gorham, Paul E. Stutzman, Alexander J. Shapiro, Walter E. Byrd, Joannie W. Chin
This study assessed the fate of SiO2 nanoparticles (nanoSiO2) in epoxy/nanoSiO2 composites exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The matrix was a stoichiometric mixture of adiglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy and an aliphatic tri-amine. Films of

A Numerical Study of the Flow of Bingham-Like Fluids In Two Dimensional Vane And Cylinder Rheometers Using a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) Based Method

April 7, 2010
Author(s)
Huaning Zhu, Nicos Martys, Chiara C. Ferraris, Daniel De Kee
A vane rheometer is commonly used to determine the rheological properties of suspensions, colloids such as cement-based materials, many of which can be described as a Bingham fluid. Due to the complex flow geometry of the vane rheometer, relating measured

TESTING OF RESIDENTIAL HOMES UNDER WIND LOADS

April 7, 2010
Author(s)
Emil Simiu, Girma Bitsuamlak, Arindam Chowdury, Ruilong Li, Amanuel Tecle, Dong Hun Yeo
Aerodynamic testing of low-rise structures is fraught with difficulties that can be the cause of large measurement errors resulting in the underestimation of aerodynamic pressures by a factor of as much as two. The errors are due in large part to the

Building Information Exchange for Fire Responders Workshop: Proceedings

March 26, 2010
Author(s)
Jason D. Averill, David G. Holmberg, Alan B. Vinh, William D. Davis
Presently, there is no integrated solution for delivering building data into the hands of emergency responders. Technically, there are many challenges to collect, format, process, integrate and transport building data out of the building. Beyond this, the

Smoke Aerosol Measuremen Experiment (SAME)

March 5, 2010
Author(s)
Jiann Yang, Thomas Cleary, D L. Urban, Gary A. Ruff, William Sheredy, Zeng-guang Yuan, G W. Mulholland
This is the final report of a research project entitled Smoke Aerosol Measurements Experiment (SAME). Smoke and/or fire detection in the spacecraft is crucial to the success of future long term space travel. It has been realized that the gravity force

Diffusion-controlled reference material for VOC emissions testing: proof of concept

March 3, 2010
Author(s)
Steve Cox, Zhe Liu, John Little, Cynthia H. Reed, Steven J. Nabinger, Andrew K. Persily
Because of concerns about indoor air quality, there is growing awareness of the need to reduce the rate at which indoor materials and products emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To meet consumer demand for low emitting products, manufacturers are

Water based Polyurethane Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites

March 3, 2010
Author(s)
Coralie Bernard, Tinh Nguyen, Bastien T. Pellegrin, Mat Celina, Alexander J. Shapiro, Deborah Jacobs, Kar T. Tan, Sungjin Park, R. S. Ruoff, Joannie W. Chin
Graphene oxides are potentially a new class of nanomaterial to enhance multifunctional properties of polymers because of their remarkable thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and more importantly, low cost. The graphene oxides, produced by

The wildland-urban interface fire problem - Current approaches and Research Needs

March 1, 2010
Author(s)
William E. Mell, Samuel L. Manzello, Alexander Maranghides, David T. Butry, Ronald G. Rehm
Wildfires that spread into wildland-urban interface (WUI) communities present significant challenges on a number of fronts. In the United States the WUI accounts for a significant portion of wildland fire suppression and wildland fuel treatment costs

Roles of Adhesive and Interfacial Properties on Humidity-induced Failure

February 21, 2010
Author(s)
Kar T. Tan, Christopher C. White, Donald L. Hunston, Kristen L. Steffens, Hatlee Timothy, Kristen Hamilton, Vogt D. Bryan
Adhesion loss due to moisture is a fundamental problem in a large diversity of industries ranging from microelectronics and automotive to aerospace. This study investigates the durability of model adhesive joints consisting of a homologous series of poly(n

Proceedings of the 2009 Workshop on Innovative Fire Protection

February 17, 2010
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, Francine K. Amon, Jason D. Averill, Nelson P. Bryner, David T. Butry, Rick D. Davis, Richard G. Gann, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Samuel L. Manzello, Randall J. McDermott, William E. Mell, Nathan D. Marsh
The Innovative Fire Protection Workshop was held at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on June 4 and 5, 2009. The 70 participants represented a broad range of stakeholder perspectives, including various non-profit, academic, industry

Concrete nanoscience and nanotechnology: Definitions and applications

February 10, 2010
Author(s)
Edward Garboczi
There are many improvements needed in concrete, especially for use in renewal and expansion of the world's infrastructure, e.g. increased durability, decreased brittleness and increased tensile strength, and use of non-traditional materials like fly ash

Application Modes of Egress Simulation

February 1, 2010
Author(s)
Steve M. Gwynne, Erica D. Kuligowski
The evacuation process is influenced by historical events. These can reflect previous incidents, training, and the routine use of the structure. These need to be considered during the design process as they will influence occupant behavior. In addition

Wildfire Prevention Efficacy: Marginal and Non-marginal Benefit-Cost Ratios

February 1, 2010
Author(s)
Jeffrey P. Prestemon, David Butry, Karen L. Abt, Rhonda Sutphen
Fire prevention education efforts involve a variety of methods intended to reduce the number of accidentally ignited wildfires, including public service announcements, distributing brochures and making presentations. A Poisson model of Florida fire

Comparison Testing Protocol for Firebrand Penetration through Building Vents: Summary of BRI/NIST Full Scale and NIST Reduced Scale Results

January 25, 2010
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Seul-Hyun Park, John R. Shields, Yoshihiko Hayashi, Sayaka Suzuki
An ASTM task group on vents, organized within Subcommittee E05.14.06, External Fire Exposures, has developed a reduced scale test method (not presently a standard) aimed at evaluating the ability of vents to resist firebrand intrusion into attic and crawl

The Human Side of Mass Notification

January 8, 2010
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski
On February 19, 2009, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) held a Federal Workshop on Mass Notification Messages. Participants from 12 federal agencies attended to discuss issues surrounding warning the public, building occupants, and
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