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Environment

Greenhouse Gas Measurements

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Displaying 76 - 100 of 199

Metrology for stable isotope reference materials: 13C/12C and 18O/16O isotope ratio value assignment of pure carbon dioxide gas samples on the Vienna PeeDee Belmnite-CO2 scale using dual-inlet mass spectrometry

May 25, 2018
Author(s)
Abneesh Srivastava, R M. Verkouteren
Isotope ratio measurements have been conducted on a series of isotopically distinct pure CO2 gas samples using the technique of dual-inlet isotope ratio mass spectrometry (DI-IRMS). The influence of instrumental parameters, data normalization schemes on

Characterization of Five-Hole Probes used for Flow Measurement in Stack Emission Testing

May 16, 2018
Author(s)
Iosif Isaakovich Shinder, Aaron Johnson, Michael R. Moldover, James Filla, Vladimir Khromchenko
We report progress towards the goal of reducing the errors in industrial smokestack flow measurements to 1 % by replacing S-probes with calibrated 3-D probes (i.e., probes that measure 3 components of velocity). NIST calibrated a commercially-manufactured

Progress Towards Accurate Monitoring of Flue Gas Emissions

May 16, 2018
Author(s)
Aaron Johnson, Iosif Isaakovich Shinder, Michael R. Moldover, Joey Boyd, James Filla
The amounts of CO2 and other pollutants emitted by a coal-fired power plant are measured using a continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) permanently installed in the exhaust smokestack. The pollutant flux is the product of the pollutant's

Reducing the impact of transport model error in urban greenhouse gas inversion models using the Aliso Canyon natural gas leak as a natural tracer experiment

March 22, 2018
Author(s)
Sharon M. Gourdji, Vineet Yadav, Anna Karion, Kimberly L. Mueller, T. Conley, Stephen Conley, Tom Ryerson, Thomas Nehrkorn, Eric Kort
Urban greenhouse gas (GHG) flux estimation with atmospheric measurements and modeling, i.e., the “top-down” approach, can potentially support emission reduction policies by providing continuous data streams for trend and anomaly detection in conjunction

Deriving global mean OH and atmospheric lifetimes for ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gases using observed CH3CCl3 and chemistry-climate models

November 3, 2017
Author(s)
Vladimir L. Orkin, Qing Liang, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Matthew Rigby, Olaf Morgenstern, Guus J. Velders, Luke Abraham, Sandip Dhomse, Eric L. Fleming, Steven C. Hardiman, Daniela Iachetti, Charles H. Jackman, Douglas E. Kinnison, Giovanni Pitari, Eugene Rozanov, Andrea Stenke, Fiona Tummon, James B. Burkholder
Tests using flux-based methyl chloroform (MCF) concentrations from four state-of-the-art chemistry-climate models (CCMs) in the two-dimensional 12-box Bayesian inversion model (IM) indicate that the 12-box IM provides a reasonable estimate of global mean

Toward 3D printed hydrogen storage materials made with ABS-MOF composites

September 26, 2017
Author(s)
Megan C. Kreider, Zeeshan Ahmed, Makfir Sefa, James A. Fedchak, Julia Scherschligt, Michael Bible, Nikolai Klimov, Bharath Natarajan, Hartings Mathew
The push to advance efficient, renewable, and clean energy sources has brought with it an effort to generate materials that are capable of storing hydrogen. Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) have been the focus of many such studies as they are

In Situ Carbon Dioxide and Methane Measurements from the Los Angeles Megacity Carbon Project

July 7, 2017
Author(s)
Kristal R. Verhulst, Anna Karion, Jooil Kim, Peter Salameh, Chris Sloop, Ralph Keeling, Ray Weiss, Riley Duren, John B. Miller
Concern about rising greenhouse gas levels has motivated many nations to begin mitigating emissions, motivating the need for robust, consistent, traceable greenhouse gas observation methods in complex urban domains. The Los Angeles (LA) Megacity Carbon

Photochemical Properties of CH2=CH-CFCl-CF2Br (4-bromo-3-chloro-3,4,4-trifluoro-1-butene) and CH3-O-CH-(CF3)2 (methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-1-trifluoromethyl ether): OH Reaction Rate Constant, UV and IR Absorption Spectra.

July 7, 2017
Author(s)
Vladimir L. Orkin, Larissa E. Martynova, Michael J. Kurylo III
Abstract Rate constants for the reactions of hydroxyl radicals (OH) with methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-1-trifluoromethyl ether (CH3-O-CH-(CF3)2 and 4-bromo-3-chloro-3,4,4-trifluoro-1-butene (CH2=CH-CFCl-CF2Br) have been measured over the temperature range

Performance and Environmental Correction of a Low-Cost NDIR CO2 Sensor

July 3, 2017
Author(s)
Cory Martin, Ning Zeng, Anna Karion, Russell R. Dickerson, Xinrong Ren, Bari Turpie, Kristy Weber
Abstract. Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) sensors are a low-cost way to observe carbon dioxide concentrations in ambient air, but their specified accuracy and precision are not sufficient for some scientific applications. An initial evaluation of six

The Indianapolis Flux Experiment (INFLUX): A test-bed for developing anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission measurements.

May 23, 2017
Author(s)
Ken Davis, Kevin Gurney, R. M. Hardesty, Shepson Paul, Colm Sweeney, Jocelyn Turnbull, James Whetstone, Anna Karion
The objective of the Indianapolis Flux Experiment (INFLUX) is to develop, evaluate and improve methods for measuring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from cities. INFLUX's scientific objectives are to quantify CO2 and CH4 emission rates at 1 km2 resolution

Tower based measurement network design for the North East Corridor project

May 17, 2017
Author(s)
Israel Lopez Coto, Subhomoy Ghosh, Kuldeep R. Prasad, James R. Whetstone
The North-East Corridor project aims to use a top-down inversion method to quantify sources of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in the urban areas of, in the first phase, Washington DC and Baltimore at approximately 1km2 resolutions. Since inversion methods

An All-Metal, 3-D-Printed CubeSat Feed Horn: An assessment of performance conducted at 118.7503 GHz using a robotic antenna range

February 20, 2017
Author(s)
Josh Gordon, David R. Novotny, Ronald C. Wittmann, Michael Francis, Jeffrey R. Guerrieri, Alexandra Curtin, Miranda L. Butler, Albin Gasiewski, Lavanya Periasamy
Three-dimensional (3-D) printing is finding applications across many areas and may be a useful technology for antenna fabrication for cube satellites (CubeSats). However, the quality of an antenna produced using 3-D printing must be considered if this

Light Source Effects on Aerosol Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Measurements

October 6, 2016
Author(s)
James G. Radney, Christopher D. Zangmeister
Photoacoustic spectroscopy measurements of flame-generated soot aerosol coated with small amounts of water yielded absorption enhancements that were dependent on the laser used: quasi- continuous wave (Q-CW, ≈ 650 ps pulse duration and 78 MHz repetition

NIST Programs to Advance Accurate, Internationally-Recognized Stack Emissions Measurements

September 15, 2016
Author(s)
Aaron Johnson, Iosif Isaakovich Shinder, Rodney A. Bryant, JohnPaul R. Abbott, Keith A. Gillis, Joey Boyd, James Filla, Michael R. Moldover
Accurate flow measurements are essential to quantify the amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and other pollutants emitted from power plant stacks. Although protocols have been developed, the uncertainty of stack flow measurements has not been documented. 
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