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Nico Schneider, Tara Fortin, Roland Span, Mandy Gerber
Algae have a variety of uses, including pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, and as a potential energy source in the form of biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas. To optimize the commercial production and use of algal biomass, production facilities have to be
In recent years microwave-induced combustion (MIC) has proven a robust sample preparation technique for difficult-to-digest samples containing high carbon content, especially for halogens and sulfur. NIST has applied the MIC methodology in combination with
Numerous mathematical tools intended to optimize rate constants employed in detailed kinetic models and make them consistent with experimental data have been reported in the literature. A typical methodology begins with the assignment of uncertainties in
The development of surrogate fuels with measured and predicted thermophysical properties similar to their authentic refinery stream counterparts is critical for the development of fuels from alternative feed-stocks and the optimization of engines to
Aaron N. Johnson, Rodney A. Bryant, Tamae M. Wong, James R. Whetstone, Eric Harman, Woong Kang, Keith A. Gillis, Hsin-Hung Lee, Iosif I. Shinder, Liang Zhang
On April 20-21, 2015, NIST hosted a workshop that, through measurement science, enabled the owners of stationary sources (primarily the electric power industry) and their regulatory agencies (federal and state) to better characterize greenhouse gas (GHG)
Charles J. Mueller, William J. Cannella, J. Timothy Bays, Thomas J. Bruno, Kathy DeFabio, Heather Dettman, Rafal M. Gieleciak, Marcia L. Huber, Chol-Bum Kweon, Steven S. McConnell, William J. Pitz, Matthew A. Ratcliff
The primary objectives of this work were to formulate, blend, and characterize a set of four ultra-low-sulfur diesel surrogate fuels in quantities sufficient to enable their study in single-cylinder engines and combustion-vessel experiments. The surrogate
John M. Yarbrough, Ashutosh Mittal, Elisabeth Mansfield, Larry Taylor, Sarah Hobdey, Deanne W. Sammond, Yannick J. Bomble, Michael F. Crowley, Stephen R. Decker, Michael E. Himmel, Todd B. Vinzant
Non-specific binding of cellulases to lignin has been implicated as a major factor in the loss of cellulase activity during biomass conversion to sugars. It is believed that this binding may strongly impact process economics through loss of enzyme
David W. Templeton, Edward J. Wolfrum, Katherine E. Sharpless, James H. Yen
Biomass analysis methods are used to compare compositions of different lignocellulosic feedstocks, to measure component balance around unit operations, and to determine yields through biomass to biofuels processes. Four biomass reference materials (RMs)
A simple electrochemical process for submonolayer deposition of ultrathin catalytic iridum (Ir) films is demonstrated. The process enables effective utilization of one of natures rarest elements while different substrates facilitate the exploration of
S. Banerjee, Rei Tangko, David Sheen, Hai Wang, Craig T. Bowman
N-dodecane (n-C12H26) is a straight chain alkane that forms an important constituent of surrogate blends for common aviation fuels such as JP8 and Jet-A. The current study investigates n-dodecane pyrolysis and oxidation kinetics in the intermediate
Materials and photoelectrode architectures that are highly efficient, extremely stable, and made from low cost materials are required for commercially viable photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting technology. A key challenge is the heterogeneous nature
Cary Presser, Ashot Nazarian, Thomas J. Bruno, Jacolin A. Murray, John L. Molloy
A state-of-the-art, rapid laser-heating technique, referred to as the laser-driven thermal reactor, was used to characterize National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material (SRM) diesel and biodiesel fuels. Also described are the
Jessica L. Burger, Jason A. Widegren, Tara Lovestead, Thomas J. Bruno
The analysis of the gas turbine fuels by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as applied to the composition explicit (or advanced) distillation curve method is reported. In order demonstrate the general applicability for such fuels