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Electronics

Sensors

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Displaying 51 - 75 of 710

Design of an electrostatic balance to measure optical power of 100 kW

February 19, 2021
Author(s)
Lorenz Keck, Gordon A. Shaw, Renee Theska, Stephan Schlamminger
To accommodate the need for increased portability and accuracy in laser power measurement instrumentation above 100 Watt at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a new instrument is required. This instrument is intended to create a new

Conformational Changes of Immobilized Polythymine due to External Stressors Studied with Temperature-Controlled Electrochemical Microdevices

February 17, 2021
Author(s)
Ramya Vishnubhotla, Sarah Robinson, Jon R. Askim, Christopher B. Montgomery, Kristen L. Steffens, Herman O. Sintim, Stephen Semancik
Conformational changes of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) play an important role in a DNA strand's ability to bind to target ligands. A variety of factors can influence conformation, including temperature, ionic strength, pH, buffer cation valency, strand

Absolute energies and emission line shapes of the x-ray lines of lanthanide metals

February 1, 2021
Author(s)
Joseph Fowler, Galen O'Neil, Bradley K. Alpert, Douglas Bennett, Edward V. Denison, William Doriese, Gene Hilton, Lawrence T. Hudson, Young I. Joe, Kelsey Morgan, Daniel Schmidt, Daniel Swetz, Csilla I. Szabo-Foster, Joel Ullom
We use an array of transition-edge sensors, cryogenic microcalorimeters with 4 eV energy resolution, to measure the x-ray emission-line profiles of four elements of the lanthanide series: praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, and holmium. The spectrometer also

Recent advances in superconducting nanowire single-photon detector technology for exoplanet transit spectroscopy in the mid-infrared

January 12, 2021
Author(s)
Varun Verma, Jeff Chiles, Adriana Lita, Richard Mirin, Sae Woo Nam, Yao Zhai, Adam McCaughan, Emma Wollman, Alexander Walter, Boris Korzh, Jason Allmaras, Ekkehart Schmidt, S. Frasca, Matthew Shaw
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, or SNSPDs, have become the highest-performing class of single-photon detectors in the near-IR. At telecom wavelengths, SNSPDs have demonstrated detection effi- ciency above 95%, intrinsic dark count rates

CHARACTERIZATION OF LASER DOPPLER VIBROMETERS USING ACOUSTO-OPTIC MODULATORS

December 31, 2020
Author(s)
Michael Gaitan, Jon C. Geist, Benjamin J. Reschovsky, Akobuije Chijioke
We report on a new approach to characterize the performance of a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). The method uses two acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) to frequency shift the light from an LDV by a known quantity to create a synthetic velocity shift that is

A low-swelling, polymeric mixed conductor operating in aqueous electrolytes

November 30, 2020
Author(s)
Lee Richter, Tommaso Nicolini, Jokubas Surgailis, Achileas Savva, Guillaume Wantz, Olivier Dautel, Georges Hadiziioannou, Natalie Stingelin
Organic mixed conductors find use in batteries, bioelectronics technologies, neuromorphic computing and sensing. While great progress has been achieved, polymer-based mixed conductors frequently experience significant volumetric changes during ion uptake

Elastic-plastic properties of mesoscale electrodeposited LIGA nickel alloy films: microscopy and mechanics

November 22, 2020
Author(s)
Li-Anne Liew, David T. Read, May Martin, Frank W. DelRio, Peter E. Bradley, Nicholas Barbosa, Todd R. Christenson, John T. Geaney
The elastic-plastic properties of mesoscale electrodeposited LIGA Ni alloy specimens are investigated as a function of specimen size, strain rate, and material composition. Two material compositions are studied: a high-strength fine-grained Ni-Fe alloy and

Existence conditions for phononic frequency combs

November 5, 2020
Author(s)
Zhen Qi, Curtis R. Menyuk, Jason Gorman, Adarsh V. Ganesan
Recently, the mechanical analog of optical frequency combs, phononic frequency combs, have been demonstrated in mechanical resonators and have gained interest since their comb frequencies can be in the range of kilohertz to gigahertz. The physical origin

Frequency tunable label-free surface acoustic wave-based flow sensor

October 7, 2020
Author(s)
Aurore F. Quelennec, Jason J. Gorman, Darwin Reyes-Hernandez
We present a label-free SAW-based flow sensor with enhanced precision and repeatability. This sensor improves the signal-to-noise ratio by one order of magnitude (dB scale) at an optimized frequency, and lowers the measurable flow rate to 5 μL/min (from

Optical and Mechanical Design of a Telescope for Lunar Spectral Irradiance Measurements from a High-Altitude Aircraft

September 8, 2020
Author(s)
Clarence Zarobila, Steven Grantham, Steven W. Brown, John T. Woodward IV, Stephen Maxwell, Dana R. Defibaugh, Thomas Larason, Kevin Turpie
We have designed a non-imaging telescope for measurement of the spectral irradiance of the moon. The telescope was integrated into a wing pod of a NASA ER-2 research aircraft to measure lunar spectral irradiance during flight. The telescope and support

High-Resolution Biochemical Activity Measurements with Commercial Transistors

September 1, 2020
Author(s)
Seulki Cho, Son T. Le, Curt A. Richter, Arvind Balijepalli
We demonstrate that single-gated, commercially-sourced, field-effect transistors (FETs) operated with a lock- in amplifier (LIA) under closed-loop control can achieve an average pH resolution of 9x10^-4. This performance represents an 8-fold improvement

Extraordinary performance of semiconducting metal oxide gas sensors using dielectric excitation

May 11, 2020
Author(s)
Andrei A. Kolmakov, Radislav A. Potyrailo, Steven Go, Daniel Sexton, Xiaxi Li, Nasr Alkadi, Bruce Amm, Richard St-Pierre, Brian Scherer, Majid Nayeri, Guang Wu, Christopher Collazo-Davila, Doug Forman, Chris Calvert, Craig Mack, Philip Mcconnell
Electrical response of metal oxide semiconducting (MOS) materials to gases was discovered 70 years ago [1] and miniature low-cost MOS chemiresistors became the most popular gas sensors when chemical selectivity is not required [2, 3]. When discrimination

Rapid, quantitative therapeutic screening for Alzheimer's enzymes enabled by optimal signal transduction with transistors

April 14, 2020
Author(s)
Son T. Le, Michelle A. Morris, Antonio Cardone, Nicholas B. Guros, Jeffery B. Klauda, Brent A. Sperling, Curt A. Richter, Harish C. Pant, Arvind Balijepalli
We show that commercially sourced n-channel silicon field-effect transistors (nFETs) operating under closed-loop control achieve a resolution of (7.2+/-0.3)x10-3 pH units with a bandwidth of 10 Hz. The results represent an 3-fold improvement in performance

Advanced Temperature-Control Chamber for Resistance Standards

April 10, 2020
Author(s)
Shamith Payagala, Alireza Panna, Albert Rigosi, Dean G. Jarrett
Calibration services for resistance metrology have continued to advance their capabilities and establish new and improved methods for maintaining standard resistors. Despite the high quality of these methods, there still exist inherent limitations to the

Field Compressed Sensing

January 17, 2020
Author(s)
Anthony B. Kos, Fabio C. Da Silva, Jason B. Coder, Craig W. Nelson, Grace E. Antonucci, Archita Hati
Imaging solutions based on wave scattering seek real-time performance, high dynamic range, and spatial accuracy at scales spanning from nanometers to thousands of kilometers. Compressed sensing algorithms use sparsity to reduce sample size during image

Phononic Frequency Combs For Engineering MEMS/NEMS Devices With Tunable Sensitivity

January 13, 2020
Author(s)
Adarsh V. Ganesan, Ashwin Seshia, Jason J. Gorman
Over the past two decades, MEMS resonators have received considerable attention for physical, chemical and biological sensing applications. Typically, the operation of MEMS resonant sensors relies on the tracking of a resonance frequency using a feedback

A kilopixel array of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors

November 18, 2019
Author(s)
Varun Verma, Adriana Lita, Sae Woo Nam, R P. Mirin, Emma Wollman, William Farr, Matthew Shaw
We present a 1024-element imaging array of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) using a 32x32 row-column multiplexing architecture. Large arrays are desirable for applications such as imaging, spectroscopy, or particle detection.

Crosstalk in microwave SQUID multiplexers

November 15, 2019
Author(s)
John A. Mates, Daniel T. Becker, Douglas A. Bennett, Bradley J. Dober, Johnathon D. Gard, Gene C. Hilton, Daniel S. Swetz, Leila R. Vale, Joel N. Ullom
Low-temperature detector technologies provide extraordinary sensitivity for applications ranging from precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background to high-resolution, high-rate x-ray, and c-ray spectroscopy. To utilize this sensitivity, new
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