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Chemistry

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Displaying 1101 - 1125 of 1934

Diffusion Barrier Cladding in Si/SiGe Resonant Interband Tunneling Diodes and Their Patterned Growth on PMOS Source/Drain Regions

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
N Jin, A T. Rice, P R. Berger, P E. Thompson, C Rivas, R Lake, S Sudirgo, J J. Kempisty, B Curanovic, S L. Rommel, K D. Hirschman, S K. Kurinec, P Chi, David S. Simons, S.J. Chung
Si/SiGe resonant interband tunnel diodes (RITD) employing delta-doping spikes that demonstrate negative differential resistance (NDR) at room temperature are presented. Efforts have focused on improving the tunnel diode peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR)

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Using Cluster Primary Ion Beams

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
John G. Gillen, Albert J. Fahey
At the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) we have a capability for conducting cluster SIMS experiments on both our ion microscope and TOF-SIMS instruments. This paper will review our recent work on cluster ion source development

Copper Oxide Precipitates in NBS Standard Reference Material 482

December 1, 2002
Author(s)
Eric S. Windsor, R Carlton, John G. Gillen, Scott A. Wight, David S. Bright
Copper oxide has been detected in the copper containing alloys of Standard Reference Material (SRM) 482. This occurrence is significant because it represents heterogeneity within a standard reference material that was certified to be homogeneous on a

Refrigeration Methods for Superconductors

December 1, 2002
Author(s)
Ray Radebaugh
This chapter reviews various methods commonly used for achieving the cryogenic temperatures required of superconducting materials. The problems associated with cryogenic refrigerators (cryocoolers), such as poor reliability, low efficiency, electromagnetic

Binary Diffusion Coefficients for Combustion Modeling

November 30, 2002
Author(s)
William S. McGivern, Jeffrey A. Manion
Recent studies have demonstrated that combustion models can be as sensitive to the binary diffusion coefficients of the fuel species as to the kinetics of major chemical reactions. We have constructed a reversed-flow chromatographic apparatus for the

Radiolytic Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Transformer Oil and in Marine Sediment

November 1, 2002
Author(s)
M Chaychian, C A. Jones, Dianne L. Poster, Joseph Silverman, Pedatsur Neta, Robert E. Huie, M I. Al-Sheikhly
Radiolytic dechlorination of PCBs in transformer oil and in marine sediments has been studied. At low PCB concentrations, complete degradation of the PCBs in transformer oil was achieved without degradation of the oil. Addition of an organic base

Analysis of Kaolinite/Chrysotile Mixtures by Ashing and X-Ray Diffraction

September 1, 2002
Author(s)
Jennifer R. Verkouteren, Eric S. Windsor, Joseph M. Conny, R L. Perkins, J T. Ennis
A simple ashing procedure is described that converts kaolinite to amorphous metakaolinite while retaining the diffraction intensity of chrysotile. This ashing procedure removes the XRD pattern overlap between kaolinite and chrysotile that can interfere

Distinguishing the Relative Contribution of Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion Aerosols Deposited at Summit, Greenland through Isotopic and Molecular Characterization of Insoluble Carbon

September 1, 2002
Author(s)
J F. Slater, Lloyd A. Currie, J E. Dibb, Bruce A. Benner Jr
Although the earth's polar regions are isolated from most industrial activity, combustion-generated particles from both fossil fuel and biomass burning impact the regions. Most efforts aimed at quantifying the input of combustion aerosols at Summit
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