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Chemistry

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  • Published Date
Displaying 1101 - 1125 of 1924

Refrigeration Methods for Superconductors

December 1, 2002
Author(s)
Ray Radebaugh
This chapter reviews various methods commonly used for achieving the cryogenic temperatures required of superconducting materials. The problems associated with cryogenic refrigerators (cryocoolers), such as poor reliability, low efficiency, electromagnetic

Binary Diffusion Coefficients for Combustion Modeling

November 30, 2002
Author(s)
William S. McGivern, Jeffrey A. Manion
Recent studies have demonstrated that combustion models can be as sensitive to the binary diffusion coefficients of the fuel species as to the kinetics of major chemical reactions. We have constructed a reversed-flow chromatographic apparatus for the

Radiolytic Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Transformer Oil and in Marine Sediment

November 1, 2002
Author(s)
M Chaychian, C A. Jones, Dianne L. Poster, Joseph Silverman, Pedatsur Neta, Robert E. Huie, M I. Al-Sheikhly
Radiolytic dechlorination of PCBs in transformer oil and in marine sediments has been studied. At low PCB concentrations, complete degradation of the PCBs in transformer oil was achieved without degradation of the oil. Addition of an organic base

Analysis of Kaolinite/Chrysotile Mixtures by Ashing and X-Ray Diffraction

September 1, 2002
Author(s)
Jennifer R. Verkouteren, Eric S. Windsor, Joseph M. Conny, R L. Perkins, J T. Ennis
A simple ashing procedure is described that converts kaolinite to amorphous metakaolinite while retaining the diffraction intensity of chrysotile. This ashing procedure removes the XRD pattern overlap between kaolinite and chrysotile that can interfere

Distinguishing the Relative Contribution of Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion Aerosols Deposited at Summit, Greenland through Isotopic and Molecular Characterization of Insoluble Carbon

September 1, 2002
Author(s)
J F. Slater, Lloyd A. Currie, J E. Dibb, Bruce A. Benner Jr
Although the earth's polar regions are isolated from most industrial activity, combustion-generated particles from both fossil fuel and biomass burning impact the regions. Most efforts aimed at quantifying the input of combustion aerosols at Summit

Real-Time Studies of Strains at Ferroelectric Domain Walls under an Applied Field

August 17, 2002
Author(s)
Terrence J. Jach, S. Kim, S M. Durbin, J. A. Aust, David S. Bright
We report on an improved method of visualizing domains in congruent ferroelectric crystals such as LiNbO^d3 with Bragg x-ray topography. Using monochromatic synchrotron undulator radiation and a magnifying x-ray camera, we are able to image domains created

Electrophoretic Capture of Circular DNA in Gels - A Review

August 1, 2002
Author(s)
B. Akerman, Kenneth D. Cole
Results on electrophoretic capture of circular DNA in porous gels are reviewed. Processes, which cause arrest of circular forms of DNA during electrophoresis, can provide a very efficient separation mechanism for the purification of plasmids and bacterial

The Cations and Anions of Cyclobutanetetraone Poly(Phenylhydrazones)

August 1, 2002
Author(s)
H S. El Khadem, M A. Shalaby, B Coxon
Six cyclobutanetetraone poly (arylhydrazones) have been treated with acids and bases, and the structures of the resulting anions and cations studied by UV/visible absorption and NMR spectroscopy. In acid media, all the hydrazones studied formed cations
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