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Chemistry

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Displaying 651 - 675 of 1924

Physicochemical characterization and in vitro hemolysis evaluation of silver nanoparticles

June 7, 2011
Author(s)
Vytautas Reipa, Jonghoon Choi, Nam S. Wang, Victoria M. Hitchins, Peter L. Goering, Robert Malinauskas
In anticipation of the increased use of various forms of silver as an antimicrobial agent in medical devices, the objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro hemolytic potential of silver nanoparticles in dilute human blood, and to relate particle

Origin and Early History of Die Methode des Eichzusatzes or The Method of Standard Addition with Primary Emphasis on Its Origin, Early Design, Dissemination, and Usage of Terms

June 1, 2011
Author(s)
William R. Kelly, Kenneth W. Pratt, William F. Guthrie, Keith R. Martin
The Method of Standard Additions or the Standard Addition Method, often referred by its acronym as just SAM, is now a proverbial workhorse in both inorganic and organic quantitative analytical chemistry and in related disciplines such as geochemistry. Its

Bottlenose Dolphins as Indicators of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Waters Along the US East and Gulf of Mexico Coasts

May 15, 2011
Author(s)
John R. Kucklick, Lori Schwacke, Randall S. Wells, Aleta Hohn, Aurore Guichard, Jennifer Yordy, Larry Hansen, Eric Zolman, Rachel Wilson, J. L. Litz, Doug Nowacek, Teresa Rowles, Rebecca S. Pugh, Brian C. Balmer, Carrie Sinclair, Patricia Rosel
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including legacy POPs (PCBs, chlordanes, mirex, DDTs, HCB, and dieldrin) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants were determined in 300 blubber biopsy samples from coastal and near shore/estuarine male

Comparison of Diesel Fuel Oxygenates with Composition-Explicit Distillation Curve Method Part 1: Linear Compounds with One to Three Oxygens

May 2, 2011
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno, Tara Lovestead, Jennifer Riggs, Erica Jorgensen, Marcia L. Huber
There is a great deal of interest in formulating oxygenated diesel fuels that produce low particulate emissions. The most common oxygenating additives for diesel fuels include the glycol ethers, glycol esters, alcohols, ethers and ketones. It is important

X-ray Emission Spectroscopy of Nitrogen-rich Compounds

March 31, 2011
Author(s)
Terrence J. Jach, Fernando D. Vila, W. T. Elam, J. D. Denlinger, John J. Rehr
Non-resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy was used to compare the nitrogen-rich compounds ammonium nitrate, trinitrotoluene, and cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine. They are representative of crystalline and molecular structures of special importance in

Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODSs) and Related Chemicals, Chapter 1 in Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2010, Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project-Report No.52, 516 pp., World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2011.

March 30, 2011
Author(s)
Stephen A. Montzka, S. Reimannander, Andreas Engel, Kirstin Kruger, O?Doherty Simon, William T. Sturges , Donald R. Blake , Marcel Dorf Dorf, Paul J. Fraser , Lucien Froidevaux , Kenneth Jucks, Karin Kreher, Michael J. Kurylo III, Abdelwahid Mellouki , John Miller , Ole J. Nielsen , Vladimir L. Orkin, Ronald G. Prinn , Robert Rhew , Michelle L. Santee , Andreas Stohl , Daniel P. Verdonik
The present document will be part of the information upon which the Parties to the United Nations Montreal Protocol will base their future decisions regarding protection of the stratospheric ozone layer. OVERVIEW It has been recognized since the 1970s that

Quantification and Compensation of Unintentional Analyte Aggregation in Electrospray Sampling

March 30, 2011
Author(s)
Mingdong M. Li, Suvajyoti S. Guha, Rebecca A. Zangmeister, Michael J. Tarlov, Michael R. Zachariah
Electrospray (ES) sources are commonly used to introduce non-volatile materials (e.g. nanoparticles, proteins, etc.) in to the gas phase for characterization by mass spectrometry and ion mobility. Recent studies in our group using electrospray ion mobility

A Human Urine Standard Reference Materials for Accurate Assessment of Arsenic Exposure

March 17, 2011
Author(s)
Lee L. Yu, Carl Verdon, William C. Davis, Gregory C. Turk, Kathleen Caldwell, Robert Jones, Brian Buckley, Ruimin Xie
Arsenic is a toxic element, and the toxicity of the element is dependent upon the molecular form it is in. Accurate assessments of arsenic exposure require the measurement of a complete panel of inorganic, organic, and metabolite As species in urine

High Accuracy Measurements of OH Reaction Rate Constants and IR and UV Absorption Spectra: Ethanol and Partially Fluorinated Ethyl Alcohols.

March 4, 2011
Author(s)
Vladimir L. Orkin, Victor Khamaganov, Larissa E. Martynova, Michael J. Kurylo III
Rate constants for the gas phase reactions of OH radicals with ethanol and three fluorinated ethyl alcohols, CH3CH2OH (k0), CH2FCH2OH (k1), CHF2CH2OH (k2), and CF3CH2OH (k3) were measured using a flash photolysis resonance-fluorescence technique over the
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