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A particularly challenging sample presentation in analytical chemistry is a flowing stream that consists of both a gas and liquid phase, in the situation in which an analysis is needed for both phases, separately. In these cases, the vapor and liquid must
In this work, we measured the volatility of thermally stressed samples of RP-1 and RP-2 rocket kerosenes by use of the advanced distillation curve method. This work is part of a large program at NIST and other laboratories geared toward improving the
A reversed-flow chromatographic apparatus for the measurement of binary diffusion coefficients is described and utilized to measure the binary diffusion coefficients for several systems at temperatures from (300723) K. Hydrocarbons are detected using
Jeffrey W. Hudgens, John M. Pettibone, Thomas P. Senftle, Ryan N. Bratton
This report outlines the determination of a reaction mechanism that can be manipulated to develop directed syntheses of gold monolayer protected clusters (MPCs) prepared by the reduction of solutions containing 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (L 3)
A reversed-flow chromatographic apparatus for the measurement of binary diffusion coefficients is described. Hydrocarbons are detected using flame ionization detection, and inert species can be detected by thermal conductivity. We have measured the binary
The analysis of complex fluids such as fuels poses significant challenges arising primarily from the multiplicity of components, the different properties of the components (polarity, polarizability, etc) and matrix properties (such as dirty samples)
Konrad Rykaczewski, John H. Scott, Sukumar Rajauria, W R. Ashurst, Jeff Chinn, Amy Chinn, Wanda Jones
We report formation of nano-to-microscale satellite droplets in the geometrical shadow of high contact angle primary drops during dropwise water condensation on a nanostructured superhydrophobic surface. The primary drops contribute to the heat transfer
Melissa M. Phillips, Catherine A. Rimmer, Laura J. Wood, Katrice A. Lippa, Katherine E. Sharpless, David L. Duewer, Lane C. Sander, J. M. Betz
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has established a Dietary Supplement Quality Assurance Program (DSQAP) in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS). Program participants measure
The present challenge for the international radiobioassay community is to analyze contaminated samples rapidly while maintaining high quality results. NIST runs a radiobioassay measurement traceability testing program to evaluate the radioanalytical
Margaret C. Kline, Carolyn R. Steffen, John M. Butler, Amy Decker
DNA sequence variation is known to exist in and around the repeat region of short tandem repeat (STR) loci used in human identity testing. While the vast majority of STR alleles measured in forensic DNA laboratories worldwide type as "normal" alleles
In this paper, a novel apparatus and fluorescence detection method for measuring the permeation of H 2O 2 through polymer barriers (i.e., plastic bottles, caps, and containers) is presented. Measurements were performed with 35 and 50 % (mass/mass) H 2O 2
Victims of crimes are often buried in clandestine graves. There are several techniques for finding buried bodies or the scattered remains of a victim; however, none of these methods are very reliable or work in all scenarios. One way to detect gravesoil is
James E. Maslar, William A. Kimes, Brent A. Sperling
Metal alkylamide compounds, such as tetrakis(ethylmethylamido) hafnium (TEMAH), represent a technologically important class of metalorganic precursors for the deposition of metal oxides and metal nitrides via atomic layer deposition (ALD) or chemical vapor
Nicholas W. Piekiel, Richard E. Cavicchi, Michael R. Zachariah
We employ a microcalorimeter device to study the thermal decomposition of organic energetic materials at very high heating rates. The compact size of this device enables rapid heating rates and sensitive detection of thermal loads from very small samples
This chapter reviews calibration techniques relevant to aerosol measurement devices, such as sizing instruments, condensation nuclei counters, and mass monitors. The generation methods for test aerosols and important parameters in instrument calibration
Laura J. Wood, Katherine E. Sharpless, Monique Pichon, Barbara J. Porter, James H. Yen
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been working with the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements to produce Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) of interest to analysts of dietary supplements. Some of these
A procedure is described for assigning values of the number of equivalent reference fluorophores (ERF) to microspheres labeled with a fluorophore designed to produce fluorescence in a given channel of a multicolor flow cytometer. There is a different
Vytautas Reipa, Jonghoon Choi, Nam S. Wang, Victoria M. Hitchins, Peter L. Goering, Robert Malinauskas
In anticipation of the increased use of various forms of silver as an antimicrobial agent in medical devices, the objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro hemolytic potential of silver nanoparticles in dilute human blood, and to relate particle
Methods for determination of sulfur by activation analysis are discussed. The discussion includes descriptions of procedures, sources of uncertainties and detection limits. Methods discussed include instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation
William R. Kelly, Kenneth W. Pratt, William F. Guthrie, Keith R. Martin
The Method of Standard Additions or the Standard Addition Method, often referred by its acronym as just SAM, is now a proverbial workhorse in both inorganic and organic quantitative analytical chemistry and in related disciplines such as geochemistry. Its
John R. Kucklick, Lori Schwacke, Randall S. Wells, Aleta Hohn, Aurore Guichard, Jennifer Yordy, Larry Hansen, Eric Zolman, Rachel Wilson, J. L. Litz, Doug Nowacek, Teresa Rowles, Rebecca S. Pugh, Brian C. Balmer, Carrie Sinclair, Patricia Rosel
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including legacy POPs (PCBs, chlordanes, mirex, DDTs, HCB, and dieldrin) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants were determined in 300 blubber biopsy samples from coastal and near shore/estuarine male