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Bioscience

Cell measurements

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Displaying 51 - 75 of 79

Characterization of the internal translation initiation region in monoclonal antibodies expressed in Escherichia coli

October 11, 2019
Author(s)
Erik M. Leith, William Brad O'Dell, Na Ke, Colleen McClung, Mehmet Berkmen, Christina Bergonzo, Robert G. Brinson, Zvi Kelman
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent an important platform for the development of biotherapeutic products. While most mAbs are produced in mammalian cells, there are several examples of mAbs made in Escherichia coli, including therapeutic fragments. When

Screening of Chemical Libraries Using a Yeast Model of Retinal Disease

September 26, 2019
Author(s)
Benjamin M. Scott
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a degenerative retinal disease, often caused by mutations in the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin. The majority of pathogenic rhodopsin mutations cause rhodopsin to misfold, including P23H, disrupting its crucial ability to

Comparison of Artificial Intelligence based approaches to cell function prediction

July 11, 2019
Author(s)
Sarala Padi, Petru S. Manescu, Nicholas Schaub, Nathan Hotaling, Carl G. Simon Jr., Peter Bajcsy
Predicting Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) cell functions in stem cell implants using non-invasive bright field microscopy imaging is a critical task for clinical deployment of stem cell therapies. Such cell function predictions can be carried out either

Structure and Function in Antimicrobial Piscidins: Histidine Position, Directionality of Membrane Insertion, and pH-Dependent Permeabilization

May 30, 2019
Author(s)
Ella Mihailescu, Mirco Sorci, Jolita Seckute, Vitalii I. Silin, Janet Hammer, B. Scott Perrin, Jorge Hernandez, Nedzada Smajic, Akritee Shrestha, Kimberly Bogadardus, Alexander Greenwood, Riqiang Fu, Jack Blazyk, Richard W. Pastor, Linda Nicholson, Georges Belfort, Myriam Cotten
Piscidins are histidine-enriched antimicrobial peptides that interact with lipid bilayers as amphipathic alpha-helices. Their activity at acidic and basic pH in vivo makes them promising templates for biomedical applications. This study focuses on p1 and

Innovative Approaches to Combat Healthcare-Associated Infections Using Efficacy Standards Developed Through Industry and Federal Collaboration

October 5, 2018
Author(s)
Dianne L. Poster, Carl C. Miller, Yaw S. Obeng, Michael T. Postek, Troy E. Cowan, Richard A. Martinello
Nation-wide, healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) infect one in every 25 hospital patients, account for more than 100,000 deaths and increase medical costs by around $96-147B, each year. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) antimicrobial devices are shown to reduce the

Platform development for expression and purification of stable isotope labeled monoclonal antibodies in Escherichia coli

October 1, 2018
Author(s)
Robert Brinson, James T. Hoopes, Colleen McClung, Na Ke, Lila Kashi, Mehmet Berkmen, Zvi Kelman, Prasad T. Reddy
Proteins labeled with stable isotopes play an important role in structural and biophysical studies including nuclear magnetic resonance, small angle neutron scattering, neutron reflectometry, quantitative mass spec and more. The most common and cost

Evidence for cortisol-cortisone metabolism by marine mammal blubber

June 21, 2018
Author(s)
Thomas M. Galligan, Lori Schwacke, Wayne E. McFee, Ashley Russell
Blubber, a specialized form of adipose tissue in marine mammals, has been identified as a useful matrix for the assessment of steroid hormone homeostasis in cetaceans. However, blubber cortisol measurements are not quantitatively predictive of circulating

C3a receptor antagonism as a novel therapeutic target for chronic rhinosinusitis

June 15, 2018
Author(s)
Jennifer K. Mulligan, Tucker Williamson, Nicholas Reaves, William Carroll, Sarah Stephenson, Peng Gao, Richard R. Drake, Ben Neely, Rodney J. Schlosser, Carl Atkinson
Background: Innate immune factors, including the complement system, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Here we examine complement activity within the respiratory mucosa of CRSwNP patients, and a

Imaging linear and circular polarization features in leaves with complete Mueller matrix polarimetry

June 1, 2018
Author(s)
C.H. L. Patty, David Luo, Frans Snik, Freek Ariese, Wybren J. Buma, Inge L. ten Kate, Rob J. van Spanning, William Sparks, Thomas Germer, Gy?z? Garab, Michael W. Kudenov
Spectropolarimetry of intact plant leaves allows to probe the molecular architecture of vegetation photosynthesis in a non-invasive and non-destructive way and, as such, can offer a wealth of physiological information. In addition to the molecular signals

Opportunities and Challenges in Implementation of Multiparameter Single Cell Analysis Platforms for Clinical Translation

May 11, 2018
Author(s)
susan M. Keating, D. Lansing Taylor, Anne L. Plant, E. David Litwack, Peter Kuhn, Emily J. Greenspan, Christopher M. Hartshorn, Caroline C. Sigman, Gary J. Kelloff, Gregory Friberg, Jerry S. Lee, Keisuke Kuida
The high-content interrogation of single cells with platforms optimized for the multiparameter characterization of cells in liquid and solid biopsy samples can enable characterization of heterogeneous populations of cells ex vivo. Doing so will advance the

Do archaea need an origin of replication?

March 1, 2018
Author(s)
Lori Kelman, Zvi Kelman
Chromosomal DNA replication starts at a specific sequence called an origin of replication. Until recently, all archaeal organisms were thought to require origins to replicate their chromosomes. It was recently discovered that some species do not utilize

Large Field of View Quantitative Phase Imaging of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Optical Pathlength Reference Materials

February 23, 2018
Author(s)
Edward J. Kwee, Alexander W. Peterson, Jeffrey R. Stinson, Michael W. Halter, Liya Yu, Michael P. Majurski, Joe Chalfoun, Peter Bajcsy, John T. Elliott
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are reprogrammed cells that can have heterogeneous biological potential. Quality assurance metrics of reprogrammed iPSCs will be critical to ensure reliable use in cell therapies and personalized diagnostic tests. We

Web Microanalysis of Big Image Data

February 1, 2018
Author(s)
Peter Bajcsy, Joe Chalfoun, Mylene H. Simon
This book looks at the increasing interest in running microscopy processing algorithms on big image data by presenting the theoretical and architectural underpinnings of a web image processing pipeline (WIPP). Software-based methods and infrastructure

Controlled Potential Electrooxidation of Genomic DNA

January 11, 2018
Author(s)
Vytautas Reipa, Donald H. Atha, Sanem Hosbas Coskun, Christopher M. Sims, Bryant C. Nelson
Exposure of mammalian cells to oxidative stress can result in DNA damage that adversely affects many cell processes. We used bulk electrolysis in an electrochemical system and gas chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis (GC/MS/MS) to control and

Modeling, Validation and Verification of Three-Dimensional Cell-Scaffold Contacts from Terabyte- sized Images

December 1, 2017
Author(s)
Peter Bajcsy, Sowon Joy Yoon, Stephen Florczyk, Nathan Hotaling, Mylene H. Simon, Piotr Szczypinski, Nicholas J. Schaub, Carl G. Simon Jr., Mary C. Brady, Ram D. Sriram
Background: Cell-scaffold contact measurements are derived from pairs of co-registered volumetric fluorescent confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images (z-stacks) of stained cells and spun coat, large microfiber, and medium microfiber scaffolds. Our

The role of human monoacylglycerol lipase (hMAGL) binding pocket in breakup of unsaturated phospholipid membranes

November 1, 2017
Author(s)
Ioannis L. Karageorgos, Vitalii I. Silin, nikolai zvonok, John P. Marino, David Janero, Alexandros Makriyannis
Human monoacylglycerol lipase (hMAGL) plays a key role in homeostatic tuning of the endocannabinoid signaling system and supports aggressive tumorogenesis, making this enzyme a promising therapeutic target. hMAGL features a membrane-associated lid domain

In Vitro Cytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1) Activation by Neuroactive Compounds

June 22, 2017
Author(s)
Natalia Mast, Kyle Anderson, Kevin Johnson, Thanh Phan, F. Peter Guengerich, Irina A. Pikuleva
Cytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1 or cholesterol 24-hydroxylase) is the central nervous system-specific enzyme responsible for the majority of cholesterol elimination from the brain. Previously we found that CYP46A1 could be activated pharmacologically in mice

A novel measure and significance testing in data analysis of cell image segmentation

April 20, 2017
Author(s)
Jin Chu Wu, Michael W. Halter, Raghu N. Kacker, John T. Elliott, Anne L. Plant
Background: Cell image segmentation (CIS) is an essential part of quantitative imaging of biological cells. Designing a performance measure and conducting significance testing are critical for evaluating and comparing the CIS algorithms for image-based
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