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Bioscience

Biomaterials

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Displaying 1051 - 1075 of 1728

Materials Design in the Performance of All-Ceramic Crowns

June 1, 2004
Author(s)
Brian R. Lawn, Antonia Pajares, Yu Zhang, Y N. Deng, M Polack, Isabel K. Lloyd, E D. Rekow, Victoria Thompson
Results from a systematic study of damage in material structures representing the basic elements of dental crowns are reported. Tests are made on model flat-layer specimens fabricated from various dental ceramic combinations bonded to dentin-like polymer

Shear-Induced Structure in Polymer-Clay Nanocomposite Solutions

June 1, 2004
Author(s)
Sheng Lin-Gibson, H W. Kim, G Schmidt, Charles C. Han, Erik K. Hobbie
Abstract: The equilibrium structure and shear response of model polymer-clay nanocomposite gels are measured using X-ray scattering, light scattering, optical microscopy, and rheometry. The suspensions form physical gels via the bridging of neighboring

Optical Coherence Microscopy for in-situ Monitoring of Cell Growth in Scaffold Constructs

May 1, 2004
Author(s)
Marcus T. Cicerone, Joy Dunkers, N. R. Washburn, Forrest A. Landis, James A. Cooper
Tissue scaffold morphological properties are determined and correlated with osteoblast proliferation and ingrowth. Scaffold pore size and connectivity were characterized with x-ray tomography. Cell proliferation and ingrowth were measured with confocal

Wear Prediction of Ceramics

May 1, 2004
Author(s)
Stephen M. Hsu, M C. Shen
Advanced ceramics are increasingly being used for wear applications. The strength and fatigue resistance of ceramics have increased several fold in the last decade. Wear prediction of ceramics has become an important subject in these arenas. Ceramic wear

In-situ Studies of CO Oxidation on Pt(111): Evidence of a Self-Limiting Reaction at 140 K

April 29, 2004
Author(s)
D J. Burnett, A M. Gabelnick, A T. Capitano, Daniel A. Fischer, J L. Gland
In-situ oxidation experiments in oxygen pressures up to 1.3 Pa indicate that the 140 K carbon monoxide oxidation process is self-limiting. This experimental data suggests that adsorbed atomic oxygen may be responsible for limiting the extent of reaction

Solid-Liquid Equilibrium for Non-Hydrostatic Stress

April 1, 2004
Author(s)
R F. Sekerka, John W. Cahn
We examine Gibbs' conditions for equilibrium of a non-hydrostatically stressed single component solid in equilibrium across one of its faces with a pure liquid at pressure p(superscriptF). We show that the equilibrium melting temperature T(subscriptN) for

Energy Analysis of Multi-Lens Adhesion Measurements

March 1, 2004
Author(s)
Aaron M. Forster, Christopher Stafford, Alamgir Karim
The NIST Combinatorial Methods Center (NCMC) has adapted the Johnson Kendall, and Roberts (JKR) adhesive contact test for the development of a high-throughput adhesion measurement platform. This technique utilizes an array of hemispherical lenses to

Fracture Mirrors in a Nanoscale 3Y-TZP

March 1, 2004
Author(s)
George D. Quinn, J Eichler, U Eisele, J Rodel
The strengths of fine microstructural scale yttria stabilized rectangular bars and circular disks were measured by four-point flexure and by flat ball (piston) on three ball methods. Fracture mirror sizes were measured and correlated to the strengths

Influence of Grain Size on the Tensile Creep Behavior of Ytterbium-Containing Silicon Nitride

March 1, 2004
Author(s)
Sheldon M. Wiederhorn, A R D Lopez, William E. Luecke, Michael J. Hoffmann, B Hockey, J French, D C. Yoon
The effect of grain size on the tensile creep of silicon nitride is investigated on two materials, one containing 5 % by volume Yb2O3, the other containing 5 % by volume Yb203 and 0.5 % by mass Al2O3. Annealing of the alumina-free silicon nitride increased

MALDI of Layered Polymer Films

March 1, 2004
Author(s)
Barry J. Bauer, Kathleen M. Flynn, B D. Vogt
A layered preparation method is introduced that produces structured MALDI targets with well-defined phase sizes and compositions. Tri-a-naphthyl benzene is a glassy matrix that forms smooth films. It is layered with polystyrenes or polyethylene glycol

Propagation Behavior of Machining Cracks in Delayed Fracture

March 1, 2004
Author(s)
Yasumitsu Matsuo, L K. Ives
The propagation behavior (subcritical crack growth) of machining induced cracks in silicon nitride was investigated by conducting constant stress (CS) and constant stress rate (CSR) tests. A dye impregnation technique that forces a palladium nitrate

Solid-Phase ATRP Synthesis of Peptide-Polymer Hybrids

March 1, 2004
Author(s)
Ying Mei, Kathryn L. Beers, H M. Byrd, David L. VanderHart, N. R. Washburn
A versatile methodology for preparing hybrid biomaterials by atom transfer radical polymerization from resin-supported peptides has been established. As an example, we have synthesized a GRGDS-functionalized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). The peptide

Studies of the Microstructure and Properties of Dense Ceramic Coatings Produced by High-Velocity Oxgen-Fuel Combustion Spraying

March 1, 2004
Author(s)
A Kulkarni, J Gutleber, S Sampath, A N. Goland, W B. Lindquist, H Herman, Andrew J. Allen, B A. Dowdy
High-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) spraying stands out among the various processes to improve metal and ceramic coating density and surface characteristics. This paper explores microstructure development, coating characterization and properties of HVOF
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