U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Projects/Programs

Topic Area
Displaying 226 - 250 of 488
timeline of neutron detector image spatial resolution

Imaging: Evolution of Neutron Image Detector Spatial Resolution

Completed
Neutron imaging has yielded valuable insight into the water content of fuel cells because minimal changes to a test section are needed. A limit of neutron imaging is the achievable spatial resolution, which is primarily dominated by the detector. Figure 1 shows the evolution of the spatial...
Bragg-Edge Imaging

Imaging: Improving Lead Battery Efficiency with Neutron Imaging

Completed
Scientists will be joining forces with NIST from INMA (Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón) and Exide Technologies, a global battery company through one of its R&D centers based near Madrid. They will study the fundamental processes that govern recharge efficiency and battery electrode...
automotive fuel cell test section

Imaging: M2FCT - The Million-Mile Fuel Cell Truck Consortium

Ongoing
True in operando imaging of PEMFCs to observe and quantify water transport phenomena is only possible with neutrons. NIST, in partnership with General Motors and support of the EERE has developed a world-class facility for in operando neutron imaging of fuel cells for light duty vehicles. Upgrades...
Neutron Imaging of Lithium and Alkaline Batteries

Imaging: Neutron Imaging of Lithium and Alkaline Batteries

Completed
This is due to the high sensitivity of neutrons to hydrogen, while having relatively small sensitivity to many common materials of construction such as aluminum and carbon. Neutron imaging can play a similar role in advanced battery development by providing in situ measurements of hydrogen or...

Imaging: Neutron Tomography of Hydrogen Storage Bed

Completed
While many techniques exist to measure the volume average of the hydrogen uptake, to date no method exists that can measure the full three-dimensional hydrogen distribution within the storage vessel. In order to address this shortcoming, a prototype hydrogen storage bed has been studied using...
die-cast toy

Imaging: The Neutron and X-ray Tomography (NeXT) System

Ongoing
Neutrons and X-rays are complementary, nondestructive, penetrating probes of matter. X-rays interact with the electron cloud of atoms and therefore sees increasing attenuation with atomic number while neutrons interact with the nuclei resulting in a very scattered pattern with atomic number. The...
prototype optic

Imaging: Toward a Neutron Microscope

Ongoing
The NIST Neutron Microscope The NIST neutron microscope based Wolter optics represents a complete change in the way neutron imaging will be conducted, as the time and spatial resolution achievable with this instrument will approach that early generation X-ray synchrotron beamlines. A collaboration...
Minimum Deviation Refractometer System

Index Properties of Optical Materials (0.12 μm – 15 μm)

Ongoing
The real part of the refractive index, its wavelength dispersion, and its temperature dependence are the key parameters for the design of refractive optical elements for optical systems. The demands for continually improved precision of optical instruments has driven a need for increasingly accurate...
X-ray Imaging

Industrial: Enhanced X-Ray Imaging

Completed
A variety of in-house x-ray sources and detector technologies invite efforts to optimize traditional image quality metrics and the use of algorithms and methods to extract the maximum amount of information available. These results are used to inform x-ray standards development and will drive the...

Infrared cryogenic blackbody broadband calibration

Ongoing
The broadband chamber and the spectral calibration chamber at the LBIR facility are used for calibrating the customer cryogenic blackbodies. These chambers are cooled by closed cycle helium gas at 20 K to provide a background equivalent to space. The absolute cryogenic radiometers (ACRs) in these...

Infrared optical properties of materials and components

Ongoing
Our overall program can be summarized by the following 6 key elements: Provide a traceability path to national scales for infrared optical properties to the infrared optical properties community through, NIST Calibration Service 38075S, Standard Reference Materials, cooperative research and...
Project Graphene TMCO

Integer and Fractional Quantum Hall Effect

Ongoing
Integer Quantum Hall Effect Graphene is a unique 2DEG system that is exposed at the surface and can be probed with scanning tunneling measurements.  A hallmark of graphene that results from the unique linear dispersion is that the energy spacing between the Landau levels is not constant but varies...
Small array of transistors designed for single device integration.

Integrated CMOS Testbeds for Nanoelectronics and Machine Learning

Ongoing
The increasingly complex device requirements for next-generation computing architectures such as neuromorphic computing or nanoelectronic machine learning accelerators present challenges for researchers across the spectrum of institutions, from small businesses and universities to government...
Schematic illustration of the integrated near-field optoelectronic (INFO) probe showing light emission, microwave reflection lines for measuring specimen conductivity and/or magnetization, and simultaneous contact topography feedback.  

Integrated Near-field Optoelectronic (INFO) Scanning Probe

Ongoing
In a collaboration between the Nanoelectromagnetics Project and the Quantitative Imaging Project, we have fabricated and tested a GaN nanowire mounted on an AFM tip as a near-field scanning microwave microscopy (NSMM ) tip (see Fig. 2(a) below ). A tungsten atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating...
nist-on-a-chip illustration

Integrated Optical Atomic Devices

Ongoing
The NIST on a Chip project in the Atomic Devices and Instrumentation group is focused on the development of compact, manufacturable, low power, SI-traceable calibration instruments using atomic vapor cells. We anticipate such devices could be broadly used in industrial settings for in-situ...
epilayer

Integrated Photonics

Ongoing
The Integrated Photonics Project utilizes heterogeneous materials integration to demonstrate novel optoelectronic devices such as semiconductor lasers, wavelength converters, and polarization rotators with compact form. We use materials including silicon, silicon dioxide, tantalum pentoxide, and...
Crossbar Memory Arrays

Integrated Testbeds for Advanced Metrology

Ongoing
Crossbar Memory Arrays An especially prolific structure in memory architectures aimed at accelerating neural network operation is the crossbar array (Fig. 1). We produce medium-scale arrays that hold up to 20,000 nanodevices which can be characterized, read from, and written to individually or in...
mass spectrometry equipment

Integrating Mass Spectrometry Techniques into Radionuclide Metrology

Ongoing
A core mission of the Radioactivity group—radionuclide metrology—is to develop and apply methods to precisely determine the activity (Bq) or massic activity (Bq/g) of a sample. We use primary activity measurement methods to ensure traceability to the SI [1]. Activity ( A) can be expressed as a...
Interdomain Distance Measurements of Monoclonal Antibodies illustration

Interdomain Distance Measurements of Monoclonal Antibodies

Ongoing
Through collaboration with researchers at the Institute for Biotechnology and Bioscience Research (IBBR), we have created a library of site-specific spin-labeled and stable isotope-labeled binding partner proteins for the NIST monoclonal antibody (NISTmAb) reference material ( RM8671). Using pulsed...
Was this page helpful?