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While plastics have yielded immense benefits to society, discarded plastics or plastic pollution has become a pervasive highly visible problem especially in the
Researchers at the National Institute of Standards & Technology are creating reference materials and data resources to address the per- and polyfluoroalkyl
New Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) consisting of activated carbon sorbent materials and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum are being developed to
Advanced microscopy and spectroscopy techniques are used in this project to study the chemical and physical properties of particles contained in complex
Atmospheric aerosol particles often have compositions and shapes that cannot be described as a single material phase within a simplified geometric form such as
Atmospheric particles with long atmospheric lifetimes affect Earth's radiative balance. These particles typically consist of multiple chemical species. The
Analysis of soils for metals and other elements is essential in assessing environmental compliance and the impacts of potentially toxic elements on human
We aim to identify chemometric fingerprints using artificial intelligence methods that reflect the temporal and geographic history of seabirds, and by extension
The presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which include hydrocarbons, monoterpenes and oxygenates, in the atmosphere has become important to climate
We are developing a method for accurately quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from natural and anthropogenic sources and sinks to meet the requirements for
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed and maintains evaluated libraries of reference data for the identification of chemicals
As a result of the environmental impact of mercury and the neurotoxic risk associated with trophic transfer of methyl mercury to humans, the reduction of
Optical frequency combs convert a laser source containing a single frequency of light into pulses that include thousands of frequencies. This project aims to
Consider the consequences if nearby electronics could interfere with a jet's instruments or cause an automobile to stall. The Field Parameter Metrology Program
In response to worldwide initiatives to phase down working fluids that have a high global warming potential if accidentally released, the refrigeration and air
NMR spectroscopy is routinely used to analyze chemical mixtures in the liquid phase. It is far less common for these techniques to be applied to vapor-phase
Radio-frequency (RF) waves and microwaves are involved with almost every facet of everyday life. Radio stations, television, wireless devices, satellite
The Organic Chemical Metrology Program exists within the Chemical Sciences Division, MML, which is located at the Hollings Marine Laboratory in Charleston, SC.
Three separate interlaboratory comparison exercises for environmental contaminants in marine specimens were administered in 2007/2008 by the Chemical Sciences
LUnar Spectral Irradiance (LUSI) is a program to radiometrically characterize the Moon for use as an on-orbit reference standard suitable for satellite
NIST is developing NMR-based metabolomics for use as a tool to expand research on the impacts of environmental stressors on marine organisms. The novel biology
Because of the complexity of microbial communities, we are working to develop measurements that will enable more reproducible design and control over of such
For the past 40 years NIST has developed SRMs for the determination of inorganic and organic contaminants in environmental matrices such as sediments/soils
NIST and the University of Colorado have been funded since April, 2006, by DARPA to develop a microcryocooler with a volume less than about 4 cm3 to cool a