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Displaying 26 - 50 of 134

Effect of Carbon Nanofiber Network Formation on Flammability of Flexible Polyurethane Foams

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Roland H. Kraemer, Richard H. Harris Jr., Thomas J. Ohlemiller, John R. Shields, Sameer Rahatekar, Jeffrey W. Gilman
Polyurethane flexible foams (PUFs) are used extensively as upholstery and bedding materials. Untreated PUFs are prone to rapid fire growth due to their low density and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the low viscosity of the decomposition products

Flame Retardant Clay Nanocomposites

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman
For more than a decade potential environmental problems associated with organo-bromine flame retardant systems have motivated the search for non-halogen based approaches to reducing polymer flammability. Initially, research focused on development of new

Flame Retardants: An Overview

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Richard Gann, Jeffrey W. Gilman
Flame retardant additives are ubiquitous in commercial products. They reduce fire losses by decreasing the likelihood of ignition and the rate of heat release of the products in which they are compounded. This article outlines the definition, applications

Flexible Polyurethane Foams Nanocomposites

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Roland H. Kraemer, Richard H. Harris Jr., Thomas J. Ohlemiller, Sameer Rahatekar, Jeffrey W. Gilman
Polyurethane flexible foams (PUFs) have a large market as upholstery and bedding cushioning material. There is an increasing demand for flame retarded grades in rail, plane and automotive transportation. Untreated PUFs are prone to rapid fire growth due to

High Throughput Methods for Nanocomposite Materials Research. Extrusion and Visible Optical Probes.

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, P H. Maupin, Richard H. Harris Jr., S Bellayer, Anthony J. Bur, S C. Roth, M Murariu, A B. Morgan, J R. Harris
A quiet revolution is occurring in the field of polymer science the high throughput (HT) or combinatorial revolution. It is, in a general sense, a change in the way one views performing research and development, and simply involves devising methods to

High Throughput Methods for Rapidly Developing Additive Filled Polymers

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Rick D. Davis, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Marc R. Nyden, John R. Shields, Richard H. Harris Jr., W Demory
The high throughput mindset has been our approach to rapidly synthesize, characterize, and analyze additive filled polymers. For example, rather than taking a week to extrude polystyrene strands with 0% to 10% integer amounts of organically modified clay

Ionic Liquids as Compatibilizers for the Preparation of Biopolymer Nanocomposites: Characterization Using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, P H. Maupin, Mauro Zammarano, Paul C. Trulove, D M. Fox, H DeLong, Ph Dubois, M Murariu
The process of dispersing ionic liquid modified montmorillonite in polylactide (PLA) using a twin-screw micro-compounder under different melt-compounding parameters was monitored using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). In addition the PLA-MMT

Thermal Degradation Studies of Alkyl-Imidazolium Salts and Their Application in Nanocomposites

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
W H. Awad, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Marc R. Nyden, Richard H. Harris Jr., T E. Sutto, J H. Callahan, Paul C. Trulove, H X. DeLong
Increasing the thermal stability of organically modified layered silicates is one of the key points in the successful technical application of polymer layered-silicates nanocomposites on the industrial scale. To circumvent the detrimental effect of the

Use of Optical Probes and Laser Scanning Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy for High Throughput Characterization of Dispersion in Polymer Layered Silicate Nanocomposites

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, Rick D. Davis, S Bellayer, P H. Maupin, Raghavan Dharmara, Joseph Langat, S Bourbigot, X Flambard, D M. Fox, Paul C. Trulove, Hugh C. De Long
The development of high throughput methods for studying polymer layered silicate nanocomposites (PLSN) is motivated by the fact that these materials represent a multiple parameter problem. We have developed a HT platform for the study of thermoplastic

Epoxy Composites Using Wood Pulp Components as Fillers

November 30, 2016
Author(s)
Douglas M. Fox, Noy Kaufman, Jeremiah W. Woodcock, Jeffrey W. Gilman, John R. Shields, Rick D. Davis, Szabolcs Matko, Mauro Zammarano, Chelsea S. Davis
The components of wood, especially lignin and cellulose, have great potential for improving the properties of polymer composites. In this chapter, we discuss some of the latest developments from our lab on incorporating wood based materials into epoxy

Cure temperature influences electrical properties via carbon nanotube-rich domain formation

July 27, 2016
Author(s)
Chelsea S. Davis, Nathan D. Orloff, Jeremiah W. Woodcock, Christian J. Long, Kevin A. Twedt, Bharath NMN Natarajan, Jonathan E. Seppala, Jabez J. McClelland, Jan Obrzut, James A. Liddle, Jeffrey W. Gilman
Carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites are enticing materials that enable engineers to tailor structural and electrical properties for applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. CNT mass fraction and the matrix cure temperature are two ways to

The Occurrence of Repeated Fiber Breaks in Microcomposites

November 10, 2015
Author(s)
Gale A. Holmes, Edward D. McCarthy, Nathanael A. Heckert, Stefan D. Leigh, Jae Hyun Kim, Jeffrey W. Gilman
The mechanical integrity of a structural composite is strongly affected by the strength and toughness of the fiber–matrix interface/interphase (Norwood, 1994), with interfacial shear strength (IFSS) considered the best quantifying metric. IFSS outputs are

The Fiber Break Evolution Process in a 2-D Epoxy/Glass Multi-Fiber Array

November 2, 2015
Author(s)
Edward D. McCarthy, Jae H. Kim, N. Alan Heckert, Stefan D. Leigh, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Gale A. Holmes
The mechanical integrity of a structural composite is strongly affected by the strength and toughness of the fiber-matrix interface/interphase [1], with interfacial shear strength (IFSS) being the accepted quanti-fying metric. However, the value of the

Detecting Carbon in Carbon: Application of Differential Charging to Obtain Information on the Chemical Identity and Spatial Location of Carbon Nanotube Aggregates in Composites by Imaging X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

October 24, 2015
Author(s)
Justin M. Gorham, William A. Osborn, Jeremiah W. Woodcock, Keana C. Scott, John M. Heddleston, Angela R. Hight Walker, Jeffrey W. Gilman
The surface contributions and dispersion properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) within a composite are important measurements to perform on nano-enabled products in order to help answer environmental health and safety questions associated with

Perspective: What do we still need to understand to commercialize nanocellulose?

July 20, 2015
Author(s)
Chelsea S. Davis, Danielle L. Grolman, Alamgir Karim, Jeffrey W. Gilman
Cellulosic nanomaterials have the potential to become predominant nanoparticles utilized in materials engineering fields ranging from flexible electronic supports1–3 and tissue scaffolds4,5 to nanocomposite reinforcement materials6–9 and aerogels for oil

NIST-TAPPI Workshop on Measurement Needs for Cellulose Nanomaterial

June 23, 2015
Author(s)
Chelsea S. Davis, Robert J. Moon, Sean Ireland, Linda Johnston, Jo Anne Shatkin, Kim Nelson, E. J. Foster, Aaron M. Forster, Michael T. Postek, Andras Vladar, Jeffrey W. Gilman
A one-day workshop focused on the Measurement Needs for Cellulosic Nanomaterials was organized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and held in conjunction with the 2014 TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable