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Displaying 23201 - 23225 of 73741

Light, atoms and nuclei: the optical discovery of deuterium

May 1, 2012
Author(s)
Charles W. Clark, Joseph Reader
Deuterium was discovered by atomic spectroscopy 80 years ago, and led to the rapid development of nuclear energy and isotope chemistry. Atomic spectroscopy of deuterium remains vibrant, with a recent application to understanding the early universe.

Osteoblast Response to Serum Protein Adsorption in 3D Polymer Scaffolds

May 1, 2012
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Girish Kumar, Kaushik Chatterjee, Stevephen Hung
Protein adsorption is known to direct biological response to biomaterials and is important in determining cellular response in tissue scaffolds. In this study we investigated the effect of adsorbed serum proteins on cell attachment and proliferation in

Ultra-Small-Angle X-ray Scattering-X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy: A New Measurement Technique for in-situ Studies of Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Dynamics

May 1, 2012
Author(s)
Fan Zhang, Andrew J. Allen, Lyle E. Levine, Jan Ilavsky, Gabrielle G. Long
Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering—X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USAXS-XPCS) is a novel measurement technique for the study of equilibrium and slow nonequilibrium dynamics in disordered materials. This technique fills an existing gap between the

Response of large area avalanche photodiodes to low energy X-rays

April 30, 2012
Author(s)
Thomas R. Gentile, Uwe Arp, M J. Bales, R Farrell
For an experiment to study neutron radiative beta-decay, we operated large area avalanche photodiodes (APDs) at liquid nitrogen temperature to detect X-rays with energies between 0.2 keV and 15 keV. Whereas there are numerous reports of X-ray spectrometry

Guidelines for reporting of phase equilibrium measurements (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)

April 27, 2012
Author(s)
Robert D. Chirico, Theodoor W. de Loos, Juergen Gmehling, Anthony R. Goodwin, Sumnesh Gupta, Kenneth N. Marsh, Calvin Spencer, Martin P. Trusler, William M. Haynes, Vicente Rives, Joan F. Brennecke
Recommendations are given for reporting in the primary scientific literature of measurements involving phase equilibrium. The focus is on documentation issues, and many of the recommendations may also be applied to the more general fields of thermodynamic

SOLID-SUPPORTED ENZYME CATALYST MODELS FOR RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION

April 27, 2012
Author(s)
Sara V. Orski, Santanu S. Kundu, Kathryn L. Beers, Richard A. Gross
The enzyme Candida antarctica Lipase B (CAL B), immobilized on a crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) support, catalyzes the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone to make biodegradable polyesters. Weak hydrophobic interactions of CAL B

Uncertainty in RECIST as a measure of volume for lung nodules and liver malignoma

April 27, 2012
Author(s)
Zachary H. Levine, Adam L. Pintar, John G. Hagedorn, Charles D. Fenimore, Claus P. Heussel
The authors investigate the extent to which the RESPONSE Evaluation Criateria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) can predict tumor volumes and changes in volume using clinical data. The data presented are a reanalysis of data acquired in other studies, including the

Anti-Drain Requirements for Retail Motor-fuel Dispensers

April 26, 2012
Author(s)
Marc A. Buttler
Two of the most fundamental components that can be found in any liquid fuel dispenser are the measuring device and the hose that transports the metered product to the consumers vehicle. The fuel that fills the volume of space in between the measuring

Characterizing Heat Release Rate Transients

April 26, 2012
Author(s)
Rodney A. Bryant, Erik L. Johnsson, George W. Mulholland
A series of experiments was performed to characterize the time response of a large-scale open calorimeter to square-wave pulses in terms of peak heat release rate, width of the peak, and conservation of energy. Quantitative heat release rate measurements

Engineered two-dimensional Ising interactions on a trapped-ion quantum simulator with hundreds of spins

April 26, 2012
Author(s)
Joseph W. Britton, Brian C. Sawyer, Adam Keith, C.-C. Joseph Wang, James K. Freericks, Hermann Uys, Michael Biercuk, John J. Bollinger
The presence of long-range quantum spin correlations underlies a variety of physical phenomena in condensed matter systems, potentially including high-temperature superconductivity, making this a fertile area for exploration. Unfortunately, many properties

Influence of solvent washing on interlayer structure of alkylammonium montmorillonites

April 26, 2012
Author(s)
Wayne L. Elban, John A. Howarter, Mickey C. Richardson, Paul E. Stutzman, Aaron M. Forster, Adam J. Nolte, Gale A. Holmes
Powdered samples of montmorillonite were functionalized with ammonium surfactants of various chain lengths and subjected to two different constant volume washing procedures: water only or sequential ethanol-water. The organo-functionalized montmorillonite

Pro-oxidant Induced DNA Damage in Human Lymphoblastoid Cells: Homeostatic Mechanisms of Genotoxic Tolerance

April 26, 2012
Author(s)
Bryant C. Nelson, Bryce J. Marquis, Anna L. Seager, Ume K. Shah, Jane M. Mikhail, Shareen H. Doak, George E. Johnson, Paul L. Carmichael, Sharon J. Scott, Andrew D. Scott, Gareth J. Jenkins
Oxidative stress contributes to many disease aetiologies including ageing, neurodegeneration, and cancer, partly through DNA damage induction (genotoxicity). Understanding the interactions of free radicals with DNA is fundamental to discern the mutation

Stimulated Generation of Superluminal Light Pulses via Four-wave Mixing

April 26, 2012
Author(s)
Ryan T. Glasser, Ulrich Vogl, Paul D. Lett
We report on the four-wave mixing of superluminal pulses, in which both the injected and generated pulses involved in the process propagate with negative group velocities. Generated pulses with negative group velocities of up to vg = −c/880 are
Displaying 23201 - 23225 of 73741
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