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NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 20551 - 20575 of 73751

Time Required to Injection-Lock Spin Torque Nanoscale Oscillators

October 29, 2013
Author(s)
William H. Rippard, Matthew R. Pufall, Anthony B. Kos
We have injection-locked a spin-transfer oscillator to a second-harmonic electrical input signal and measured the relative phase and amplitude of the device output as a function of DC current under steady-state conditions. The relative phase of the device

Achieving Climate Change Absolute Accuracy in Orbit

October 28, 2013
Author(s)
Bruce Wielicki, Joseph P. Rice
The Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) mission will provide a metrology laboratory in orbit for the purpose of accurately measuring and attributing climate change. CLARREO measurements establish new climate change benchmarks

Combining Genetic Algorithms & Simulation to Search for Failure Scenarios in System Models

October 28, 2013
Author(s)
Kevin L. Mills, Christopher E. Dabrowski, James J. Filliben, Sanford P. Ressler
Large infrastructures, such as clouds, can exhibit substantial outages, sometimes due to failure scenarios that were not considered during system design. We define a method that uses a genetic algorithm (GA) to search system simulations for parameter

Structural Design for Disaster Resilience

October 28, 2013
Author(s)
Fahim H. Sadek, Joseph Main, John L. Gross, Therese P. McAllister
This paper presents a brief overview of research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on disaster resilience of buildings, infrastructure, and communities, including component programs and projects. NIST's efforts aim at developing

Optical Coherence Tomography for Dimensional Metrology of Lab-on-a-chip devices

October 27, 2013
Author(s)
Darwin R. Reyes-Hernandez, Michael W. Halter, Jeeseong Hwang
Here we present a new metrology tool for the determination of the dimensions of channels from final product Lab-on-a-chip devices. Using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) areas of up to 12 mm x 12 mm can be imaged in less than 1 second, without the need

Analyzing a Co-Polymer Aramid Fiber for Use in Soft Body Armor

October 25, 2013
Author(s)
Walter G. McDonough, Jae Hyun Kim, Nathanael A. Heckert, Amanda L. Forster, Scott A. Wight, Joy P. Dunkers, Gale A. Holmes
Since the well-publicized failure of body armor used by a police officer, it has become imperative that the long-term properties and performance of new fibers being considered for use be understood. The range of interest is from the molecular properties of

Connection between thermodynamics and dynamics of simple fluids in highly attractive pores

October 25, 2013
Author(s)
William P. Krekelberg, Vincent K. Shen, Daniel W. Siderius, Thomas M. Truskett, Jeffrey R. Errington
We investigate the structural and diffusive dynamics properties of a model fluid in highly-absorptive cylindrical pores. At subcritical temperatures, self diffusion displays three distinct regimes as a function of average pore density ρ: 1) a decrease in

Effects of JPEG 2000 Lossy Image Compression on 1000 ppi Latent Fingerprint Casework

October 25, 2013
Author(s)
Shahram Orandi, John M. Libert, John D. Grantham, Frederick R. Byers, Lindsay M. Petersen, Michael D. Garris
This paper presents the findings of a study conducted to measure the impact of JPEG 2000 lossy compression on the comparison of 1000 ppi latent fingerprint imagery and 1000 ppi exemplar fingerprint imagery. Combinations of image pairs that vary by the

Methods for Performance Evaluation of Single Axis Positioning Systems: A New Standard

October 25, 2013
Author(s)
Ronnie R. Fesperman Jr., Nathan Brown, Kevin Elliott, Jonathan D. Ellis, Axel Grabowski, Steve Ludwick, Serge Maneuf, Brian O'Connor, Shane Woody
Many new high-precision linear and angular positioning systems are being used in emerging micro- and nanotechnology applications. Measuring and certifying the performance of these systems with off-the-shelf instrumentation and test methods suggested by

Morphing Metal-Polymer Janus Particles

October 25, 2013
Author(s)
Lewis M. Cox, Jason Killgore, Zhengwei Li, Zheng Zhang, Donna C. Hurley, Jianliang Xiao, Yifu Ding
Shape memory polymers have the unique ability to memorize and recover their permanent shapes after being programmed to hold high strain levels up to a few hundred percent. While studies have traditionally focused on utilizing shape memory effects for macro

Three-dimensional deep sub-wavelength defect detection using (lambda) = 193 nm optical microscopy

October 25, 2013
Author(s)
Bryan M. Barnes, Martin Y. Sohn, Francois R. Goasmat, Hui Zhou, Andras Vladar, Richard M. Silver, Abraham Arceo
Identifying defects in photolithographic patterning is a persistent challenge in semiconductor manufacturing. Well-established optical methods in current use are jeopardized by upcoming sub-20 nm device dimensions. Volumetric processing of focus-resolved

Towards Mobile Manipulator Safety Standards

October 24, 2013
Author(s)
Jeremy A. Marvel, Roger V. Bostelman
We present an overview of the current safety standards for industrial robots and automated guided vehicles (AGVs), and describe how they relate to the safety concerns of mobile manipulators (robot arms mounted on mobile bases) in modern manufacturing

A Literature Review of Sensor Ontologies for Manufacturing Applications

October 23, 2013
Author(s)
Craig I. Schlenoff, Tsai Hong Hong, Roger D. Eastman
The purpose of this paper is to review existing sensor and sensor network ontologies to understand whether they can be reused as a basis for a manufacturing perception sensor ontology, or if the existing ontologies hold lessons for the development of a new

A versatile bilayer resist for laser lithography at 405 nm on glass substrates

October 23, 2013
Author(s)
Quandou (. Wang, Ulf Griesmann
We describe a simple bilayer photoresist that is particularly well suited for laser lithography at an exposure wavelength of 405 nm on glass substrates, which is often used for the fabrication of binary diffractive optics and computer generated holograms

Exploiting dimensionality and defect mitigation to create tunable microwave dielectrics

October 23, 2013
Author(s)
Nathan D. Orloff, C H. Lee, T Birol, J A. Mundy, V. Goian, R. Haislmaier, E. Vlahos, Y. Kim, J. D. Brock, Y Zhu, R. Uecker, V. Gopalan, S. Kamba, X X. Xi, D A. Muller, I. Takeuchi, James C. Booth, C. J. Fennie
The miniaturization and integration of frequency-agile microwave circuits—tunable filters, resonators, phase shifters and more—with microelectronics offers tantalizing device possibilities, yet requires thin films whose dielectric constant at GHz

Laser and Photonic Systems Integration: Emerging Innovations and Framework for Research and Education

October 23, 2013
Author(s)
Shimon Y. Nof, Gary J. Cheng, Andrew M. Weiner, Xin W. Chen, Yung C. Shin, Avital Bechar, Claude B. Reed, Alkan Donmez, Thomas D. Weldon, Peter Bermel, Satish T. Bukkapatnam, Changquing Cheng, Soundar R. Kumara, Arden Bement, Richard Koubek, Bopaya Bidanda, Agostino Capponi, Seokcheon Lee, Mark R. Lehto, Andrew L. Liu, Omid Nohadani, Marcos Dantus, Peter W. Lorraine, David D. Notle, Robert W. Proctor, Harshad P. Sardesai, Leyuan Shi, Juan P. Wachs, Xi-Cheng Zhang
The purpose of this white paper is to review the key emerging innovations in laser and photonics systems, their design and integration, focusing on challenges and opportunities for solutions of societal grand challenges. Developments, their significance
Displaying 20551 - 20575 of 73751
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