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Displaying 12126 - 12150 of 73751

Experimental scattering matrix for lunar regolith simulant JSC-1A at visible wavelengths

March 8, 2018

Author(s)

Edward J. Garboczi, Ann C. Chiaramonti Debay, Thomas V. Lafarge, O Munoz, J Escobar-Cerezo, D Guirado, JC Gomez-Martin, Jay Goguen, F Moreno

We present the experimental scattering matrix as a function of the scattering angle of the lunar soil simulant JSC-1A. The measurements were performed at 488 nm, 520 nm and 647 nm, covering the range of scattering angles from 3o to 177o. The size

Freeze-Thaw Crack Determination in Cementitious Materials Using 3D X-ray Computed Tomography and Acoustic Emission

March 8, 2018

Author(s)

Edward Garboczi, Jason Weiss, Yaghoob Farnam, Yasmina Shields

Cracking in concrete due to freeze-thaw cycles is known to damage the structural integrity of materials and provides venues for water and ionic species to penetrate into concrete pores and create additional damage due to corrosion of reinforcement or

Grout-Concrete Interface Bond Performance: Effect of Interface Moisture on the Tensile Bond Strength and Grout Microstructure

March 8, 2018

Author(s)

Igor de la Varga, Jose Munoz, Dale P. Bentz, Paul E. Stutzman, Benjamin Graybeal

Bond between two cementitious materials is crucial in applications such as repairs, overlays, and connections of prefabricated bridge elements (PBEs), to name just a few. It is the latter that has special interest to the authors of this paper. After

Millimeter-Wave Polarimeters Using Kinetic Inductance Detectors for TolTEC and Beyond

March 8, 2018

Author(s)

Jason Austermann, James A. Beall, Sean A. Bryan, Bradley Dober, Jiansong Gao, Gene C. Hilton, Johannes Hubmayr, Phillip Mauskopf, Christopher M. McKenney, S M. Simon, Joel Ullom, Michael Vissers, G W. Wilson

Microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) provide a compelling path forward to the large-format polarimeter, imaging, and spectrometer arrays needed for next-generation experiments in millimeter-wave cosmology and astronomy. We describe the

Workshop Report: Research Roadmap for Reducing the Fire Hazard of Materials in the Future

March 8, 2018

Author(s)

Rick D. Davis, Mauro Zammarano, Nathan D. Marsh

NIST hosted workshop, Future Needs for Reducing the Fire Hazard of Materials, provided an opportunity for worlds experts to come together to discuss the challenges associated with reducing the fire hazards of existing and future products that compose the

Evaluated Rate Constants for i-Butane + H and CH3: Shock Tube Experiments with Bayesian Model Optimization

March 7, 2018

Author(s)

Laura A. Mertens, Iftikhar A. Awan, Jeffrey A. Manion

The reactions of i-butane with CH3 and H were investigated with shock tube experiments (870 K to 1130 K and 140 kPa to 360 kPa). Propene and i-butene, measured with GC/FID and MS, were quantified as characteristic of H-abstraction from the primary and

Kinetics of H Atom Addition to Cyclopentene

March 7, 2018

Author(s)

Jeffrey A. Manion, Iftikhar A. Awan

To provide benchmark information needed to develop kinetic models of the combustion and pyrolysis of hydrocarbon ring structures, we have used the single pulse shock tube technique to study the kinetics of H atom addition to cyclopentene at 863 K to 1167 K

Stabilized backward in time explicit marching schemes in the numerical computation of ill-posed time-reversed hyperbolic/parabolic systems

March 7, 2018

Author(s)

Alfred S. Carasso

This paper develops stabilized explicit marching difference schemes that can successfully solve a significant but {\em limited} class of multidimensional, ill-posed, backward in time problems for coupled hyperbolic/parabolic systems associated with

Compressed-liquid Density Measurements of Four Polyol Ester-Based Lubricants

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Stephanie L. Outcalt

A vibrating-tube densimeter has been used to measure compressed-liquid densities of the fluids pentaerythritol tetrapentanoate (PEC5), pentaerythritol tetraheptanoate (PEC7), pentaerythritol tetranonanoate (PEC9), and a commercial lubricant, Royco 899 from

Contactless mobility measurements using two-photon excitation and a terahertz probe

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Jared K. Wahlstrand, Edwin J. Heilweil

Time-dependent THz spectroscopy is widely used for measuring mobility in novel electronic materials, in which the mobility is often adversely affected by defects and unintentional dopants [1]. One of its great advantages over other techniques is that it

Development and Validation of a Mechanism for Flame Propagation in R-32/Air Mixtures

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Donald R. Burgess Jr., Jeffrey A. Manion, Robert R. Burrell, Valeri I. Babushok, Michael Hegetschweiler, Gregory T. Linteris

A mechanism for the combustion of the refrigerant R-32 (CH2F2) in air mixtures was developed and validated through comparisons with measured flame speeds for a range of equivalence ratios (0.9 to 1.4) and pressures (1 to 3 bar) using a constant-volume

Lane Marking Detection via Fast End-to-End Deep Convolutional Neural Network that is our Patch Proposal Network (PPN)

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Yan Tiang, Judith R. Gelernter, Xun Wang, Weigang Chen, Junxiang Gao, Yujie Zhang, Xiaolan Li

Research on Region Convolution Neural Network (R-CNN) has recently witnessed progress in both accuracy and execution efficiency in detecting objects such as faces, hands or pedestrians in photograph or video. Recently, Faster R-CNN modifies the way

Paper in electronic and optoelectronic devices

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Dongheon Ha, Zhiqiang Fang, Nikolai B. Zhitenev

The demand for lightweight, cost-effective, and/or flexible electronic and optoelectronic devices drives research toward new materials advancing the desired functionality or reducing manufacturing costs. Paper, being in addition an earth abundant and

Performance and failure modes of Si anodes patterned with thin-film Ni catalyst islands for water oxidation

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Ke Sun, Nicole L. Ritzert, Jimmy John, Haiyan Tan, William G. Hale, Jingjing Jiang, Kimberly M. Papadantonakis, Thomas P. Moffat, Bruce S. Brunschwig, Nathan S. Lewis

Silicon photoanodes patterned with Ni thin film catalyst islands exhibited stable oxygen evolution for over 240 h of continuous operation in 1.0 mol L-1 KOH(aq) under simulated sunlight conditions. Buried-junction np+-Si(111) photoanodes with an 18.0%

Predicted Burning Velocities of C1 and C2 Hydrofluorocarbon Refrigerant Flames with Air

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Gregory T. Linteris, Valeri I. Babushok

Due to their high global warming potentials, many existing working fluids for heating, cooling and refrigeration equipment will be phased out. Their replacements will be flammable or slightly flammable, and the burning velocity of refrigerant-air mixtures

The NISTmAb Tryptic Peptide Spectral Library for Monoclonal Antibody Characterization

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Qian Dong, Yuxue Liang, Xinjian Yan, Sanford Markey, Yuri Mirokhin, Dmitrii V. Tchekhovskoi, Tallat H. Bukhari, Stephen E. Stein

We describe the creation of a mass spectral library composed of all identifiable spectra derived from the tryptic digest of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody. The NISTmAb library is a unique reference peptide spectral library developed from a total of six

Versatile silicon-waveguide supercontinuum for coherent mid-infrared spectroscopy

March 6, 2018

Author(s)

Nima Nader, Daniel Maser, Flavio Caldas da Cruz, Abijith S. Kowligy, Henry R. Timmers, Jeffrey T. Chiles, Connor D. Fredrick, Daron A. Westly, Richard P. Mirin, Jeffrey M. Shainline, Scott A. Diddams

Infrared spectroscopy is a powerful tool for basic and applied science. The rich spectral fingerprints of compounds in the 3 um - 20 um region provide a means to uniquely identify the molecular structure for applications that include fundamental

A Simple Method for Short-Term Mechanical Reliability Predictions for Ceramics in Reactive Environments

March 5, 2018

Author(s)

Robert F. Cook

A method is demonstrated for prediction of ceramic reliability limited by fracture in reactive environments. The simplicity of the method relies on the ceramic displaying ideal indentation- strength behavior and on the applied loading leading to short-term

A Survey of the Advancing Use and Development of Machine Learning in Smart Manufacturing

March 5, 2018

Author(s)

Michael Sharp, Ronay Ak, Thomas D. Hedberg Jr.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are gaining in popularity across entertainment, commerce, and increasingly in industrial settings. The wide applicability and rapid development options of these algorithms are allowing for concepts and

Detection and Quantification of Graphene Family Nanomaterials in the Environment

March 5, 2018

Author(s)

David Goodwin, Adeyemi Adeyele, Li Piin Sung, Kay Ho, Robert Burgess, Elijah Petersen

An increase in production of commercial products containing graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) has led to concern over their release into the environment. The fate and potential ecotoxicological effects of GFNs in the environment are currently unclear

Imaging catalytic CO2 reduction on Cu2O (110) -- A First-Principles study

March 5, 2018

Author(s)

Eric L. Shirley, John T. Vinson, Liang Li, Maria K. Chan, Jeffry Greeley, Jeffrey R. Guest, Rui Zhang

Balancing global energy needs against increasing greenhouse gas emissions requires new methods for efficient CO2 reduction. While photoreduction of CO2 is promising, the rational design of photocatalysts hinges on precise characterization of the surface

Relating the Electrical Resistance of Fresh Concrete to Mixture Proportions

March 5, 2018

Author(s)

K H. Obla, Rongjin Hong, Stuart Sherman, Dale P. Bentz, Scott Jones

Characterization of fresh concrete is critical for assuring the quality of our nation's constructed infrastructure. While fresh concrete arriving at a job site in a ready-mixed concrete truck is typically characterized by measuring temperature, slump, unit

Remote Bias Induced Electrostatic Force Microscopy for Subsurface Imaging

March 5, 2018

Author(s)

Joseph J. Kopanski, Lin You, Yaw S. Obeng

Contrast in electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) depends on the electrostatic force between the tip and sample. In the related technique, scanning Kelvin force microscopy (SKFM), contrast arises from the force due to the capacitance gradient with tip-to

Towards Augmented Reality Interfaces for Human-Robot Interaction in Manufacturing Environments

March 4, 2018

Author(s)

Shelly Bagchi, Jeremy Marvel

As part of the U.S. Department of Commerce, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is examining new approaches to increase the competitiveness of smaller U.S.-based manufacturers. Collaborative robotics is one way to increase automation

Why Interoperability R&D Work Should be Driven by Agile Integration and Message Standards Concerns?

March 3, 2018

Author(s)

Nenad Ivezic, Boonserm Kulvatunyou

Smart Manufacturing assumes agile integration of manufacturing services and applications. This implies that manufacturing message standards, which are key to the services integration, need to be quickly created, used, and managed. That is a far cry from

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