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Displaying 826 - 850 of 1936

NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program Winter 2006 Comparability Studies: Results for Round Robin LIX Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum and Round Robin 24 Ascorbic Acid in Human Serum

June 27, 2013
Author(s)
David L. Duewer, Jeanice M. Brown Thomas
The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program (MMQAP) for laboratories that measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes

Cellulose Nanomaterials: Nanocomposite Imaging using FRET

June 19, 2013
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, Mauro Zammarano, Iulia A. Sacui, Jeremiah Woodcock
Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth, found in plants (cotton, hemp, wood), marine animals (Tunicate), algae (Valonia) bacteria (Acetobacter xylium) and even amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum). Critical features of the structural

Hydrated Phases in Blended Cement Systems and Synthetic Saltstone Grouts

June 10, 2013
Author(s)
Kenneth Snyder, Paul Stutzman
A blended binder system (10 % portland cement, 45 % fly ash, and 45 % slag) is characterized as part of a broader study of its long-term effectiveness in stabilizing treated salt waste at the Savannah River Site. The binder system is reproduced in the

Mechanochromic photonic gels

June 10, 2013
Author(s)
Edwin P. Chan, A M. Urbas, Joseph J. Walish, Edwin L. Thomas
Polymer gels are remarkable materials with physical structures that can adapt significantly and quite rapidly with changes in the local environmental changes such as temperature, light intensity, electrochemistry, and mechanical force. An interesting

Graphene Epitaxial Growth on SiC(0001) for Resistance Standards

June 3, 2013
Author(s)
Mariano A. Real, Eric Lass, Fan-Hung H. Liu, Tian T. Shen, George R. Jones Jr., Johannes A. Soons, David B. Newell, Albert Davydov, Randolph Elmquist
A well-controlled technique for high-temperature epitaxial growth on 6H-SiC(0001) substrates is shown to allow development of monolayer graphene that exhibits promise for precise metrological applications. Face-to-face (FTF) and face-to-graphite (FTG)

Reliability Monitoring For Highly Leaky Devices

May 31, 2013
Author(s)
Jason Ryan, Jason Campbell, Kin Cheung, John S. Suehle, Richard Southwick, Anthony Oates
We demonstrate a new charge pumping (CP) methodology, frequency modulated CP (FMCP), that robustly treats metrology challenges associated with high gate leakage current. By moving to an AC coupled measurement, we are able to easily resolve small CP signals

Toward the Development of a High Strain Rate Testing Standard for Advanced Fibers

May 24, 2013
Author(s)
Gale A. Holmes, Jae Hyun Kim, Nathanael A. Heckert, Walter G. McDonough, Stefan D. Leigh, Kirk D. Rice
The use of advanced fibers in applications where they are subjected to extremely energetic events has necessitated the need to develop measurement tools that quantify their properties at high strain rates (HSR). The split Hopkinson tension bar (SHTB) has

Effects of fiber gripping methods on single fiber tensile tests: Parametric statistical analyses of tensile strengths and failure strains

May 9, 2013
Author(s)
Jae Hyun Kim, Nathanael A. Heckert, Walter G. McDonough, Kirk D. Rice, Gale A. Holmes
The Kolsky bar test has been widely used in measuring material response under high strain rate conditions. Initial experiments in the literature applying this test to measure single fiber properties for fibers used in soft body armor with the Kolsky bar

Effect of Surface Chemistry on Stem Cell Response in 2-D vs. 3-D Cell Culture Niches

April 19, 2013
Author(s)
Sumona Sarkar, Carl G. Simon Jr., Roberta I. Lock, Joy P. Dunkers
To develop tissue engineered devices for regenerative medicine strategies, key scaffold properties for directing stem cell response must be identified. As focus shifts from 2-D to 3-D culture systems in an attempt to better recapitulate the natural

Thermo-Mechanical Characterization of AuIn Transient Liquid Phase Bonding Die-Attach

April 9, 2013
Author(s)
Brian J. Grummel, Habib A. Mustain, Z. J. Shen, Allen R. Hefner Jr.
In next-generation wide-bandgap power electronics, the semiconductor device die-attach is of critical importance, for this transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding is a promising and effective die-attach technique. In this work, the thermal and mechanical

Graphene as Transparent Electrode for Direct Observation of Hole Photoemission from Silicon to Oxide

March 27, 2013
Author(s)
Rusen Yan, Qin Zhang, Oleg A. Kirillov, Wei Li, James I. Basham, Alexander G. Boosalis, Xuelei X. Liang, Debdeep Jena, Curt A. Richter, Alan C. Seabaugh, David J. Gundlach, Huili G. Xing, Nhan V. Nguyen
The outstanding electrical and optical properties of graphene make it an excellent alternative as a transparent electrode. Here we demonstrate the application of graphene as collector material in internal photoemission (IPE) spectroscopy; enabling the

Polymer chain dynamics in weakly intercalated polymer/nanoplatelet mixtures

March 15, 2013
Author(s)
Kevin A. Masser, Hongyi Yuan, Chad R. Snyder, Alamgir Karim
The dynamics of two chemically similar type-A polymers, poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with small amounts of Cloisite 30B nanoplatelets were investigated via broadband dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. The terminal

Gradient Nanofiber Scaffold Libraries for Screening Cell Response to Poly(e-caprolactone)-Calcium Phosphate Composites

March 1, 2013
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Limin Sun, Laurence C. Chow, William Miles, Christopher K. Tison, Kaushik Chatterjee, Marian F. Young, Vinoy Thomas, Murugan Ramalingam
A 2-spinnerette approach has been developed for fabricating nanofiber scaffold gradients for use as 1) scaffold libraries for screening the effect of nanofiber properties on cell response and 2) templates for generating graded tissue interfaces. Although

Frequency-Modulated Charge Pumping: Defect Measurements with High Gate Leakage

February 28, 2013
Author(s)
Jason T. Ryan, Richard G. Southwick, Jason P. Campbell, Kin P. Cheung, John S. Suehle, Anthony Oates
Charge pumping is one of the most relied upon techniques used to quantify interface defects in metal-oxide-semiconductor devices. However, conventional charge pumping is easily hindered by excessive gate leakage currents which render the technique

Organosilicate Polymer E-Beam Resists with High Resolution, Sensitivity and Stability

February 28, 2013
Author(s)
Christopher Soles, Richard Kasica, Hae-Jeong Lee, Jae H. Sim, Sung-Il Lee, Ki-Bum Kim, Hyun-Mi Kim, Do Y. Yoon
Hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) is an attractive electron-beam (e-beam) resist for sub-20 nm lithography due to its high resolution, excellent line-edge-roughness (LER), and good plasma etch resistance. However, the sensitivity and long-term stability of HSQ
Displaying 826 - 850 of 1936
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