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NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 31976 - 32000 of 73697

Systematic Error of the Nose-to-Nose Sampling-Oscilloscope Calibration

September 1, 2007
Author(s)
Dylan Williams, Tracy S. Clement, Kate Remley, Paul D. Hale, F. Verbeyst
We use traceable swept-sine and electrooptic-sampling-system-based-sampling-oscilloscope calibrations to measure the systematic error of the nose-to-nose calibration, and compare the results to simulations. Our results show that the errors in the nose-to

The Helium Ion Microscope: A New Tool for Nanotechnology and Nanomanufacturing

September 1, 2007
Author(s)
Michael T. Postek, Andras Vladar, John A. Kramar, L A. Stern, John Notte, Sean McVey
Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) is a new, potentially disruptive technology for nanotechnology and nanomanufacturing. This methodology presents a potentially revolutionary approach to imaging and measurements which has several potential advantages over the

The Potential of Highly Charged Ions: Possible Future Applications

September 1, 2007
Author(s)
John D. Gillaspy, Joshua M. Pomeroy, A C. Perrella, Holger Grube
This paper mirrors and provides references to an invited review talk delivered by the first author at the 13th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions. It briefly updates and extends an earlier review given in 2001 [1].

Theory of Spin Transfer Torque

September 1, 2007
Author(s)
Mark D. Stiles
In magnetic multilayers, the spin polarized currents flowing between the magnetic layers can exert torques on the magnetizations of the layers when the magnetizations are not collinear. The theory of these spin transfer torques is developed in terms of

Three-Flat Test Solutions Including Mounting-Induced Deformations

September 1, 2007
Author(s)
Ulf Griesmann, Quandou (. Wang, Johannes A. Soons
We investigate three-flat calibration methods for circular flats, based on rotation symmetry and mirror symmetry, for absolute interferometric flatness measurements in the presence of deformations caused by the support mechanism for the flats, which are a

Absolute Flux Calibrations of Stars

August 30, 2007
Author(s)
Gerald T. Fraser, Steven W. Brown, Howard W. Yoon, Bettye C. Johnson, Keith R. Lykke
Absolute stellar photometry is based on 1970s terrestrial measurements of the star Vega referenced against the Cu fixed-point blackbody. Significant advances in absolute radiometry have been made in the last 30 years that offer the potential to improve

Building Electronic Function Into Nanoscale Molecular Architectures

August 30, 2007
Author(s)
H D. Abruna, M Ratner, Roger D. van Zee
The use of molecules in electronic circuit has been the subject of recent study. Experimentally, two-terminal, molecular rectifiers have been demonstrated, three-terminal, single-molecule transistors demonstrated, and electromechanical molecular switches

Distinguishing Between Nonlinear Channel Transport and Contact Effects in Organic FETs

August 30, 2007
Author(s)
Behrang Hamadani, Jeremy LeBoeuf, R J. Kline, Iain McCulloch, Martin Heeney, Curt A. Richter, Lee J. Richter, David J. Gundlach
We investigate charge injection and transport in organic field-effect transistors fabricated by using poly(2,5-bis(3-tetradecylthiophene-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene) (pBTTT-C14) as the active polymer layer. We show that in high mobility devices where the

Hydrosomes: Femtoliter Containers for Fluorescence Spectroscopy Studies

August 30, 2007
Author(s)
Ana Jofre, Jianyong Tang, M E. Greene, G M. Lowman, N Hodas, Rani B. Kishore, Kristian Helmerson, Lori S. Goldner
We report on improvements and innovations in the use of hydrosomes to encapsulate and study single molecules. Hydrosomes are optically-trappable aqueous nanodroplets. The droplets are suspended in a fluorocarbon medium that is immiscible with water and has

A Comparison of Pooled and Sampled Relevance Judgments

August 29, 2007
Author(s)
Ian M. Soboroff
Test collections are most useful when they are reusable, that is, when they can be reliably used to rank systems that did not contribute to the pools. Pooled relevance judgments for very large collections may not be reusable for two reasons: they will be

Guide to Secure Web Services

August 29, 2007
Author(s)
Anoop Singhal, Theodore Winograd, Karen A. Scarfone
The advance of Web services technologies promises to have far-reaching effects on the Internet and enterprise networks. Web services based on the eXtensible Markup Language (XML), SOAP, and related open standards, and deployed in Service Oriented

Standardizing Measurements of Autonomy in the Artificially Intelligent

August 28, 2007
Author(s)
Amy Hudson, Larry H. Reeker
The amount of control that an intelligent system has over their actions, whether they are able to act independently from their creator, plays a major factor in describing systems and in distinguishing them from each other. Different levels of autonomy

The TREC 2005 Terabyte Track

August 27, 2007
Author(s)
Charles L. Clarke, Falk Scholer, Ian Soboroff
The Terabyte Track explores how retrieval and evaluation techniques can scale to terabyte-sized collections, examining both efficiency and effectiveness issues. TREC 2005 is the second year for the track. The track was introduced as part of TREC 2004, with

Coherent fiber-based frequency combs and cw lasers at 1550 nm

August 26, 2007
Author(s)
Nathan R. Newbury, William C. Swann, Ian R. Coddington, Paul A. Williams
Coherent optical sources in the 1550 nm region of the spectrum have a number of applications in frequency metrology, stable frequency transfer, precision spectroscopy and remote sensing. A narrow-linewidth (~ 1 Hz) single-frequency source can be generated
Displaying 31976 - 32000 of 73697
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