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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 13126 - 13150 of 13227

Low-field magnetic resonance imaging of roots in intact clayey and silty soils

March 27, 2020
Author(s)
Mark S. Conradi, Stephen A. Altobelli, Dean O. Kuethe, Matthew S. Rosen, Neha Koonjoo, Bo Zhu, Karl Stupic, William L. Rooney, John E. Mullet, Brock Weers, G. Cody Bagnall, Haly Neely, Eiichi Fukushima, Cristine Morgan
… robust method to non-invasively visualize root morphology in natural soils has been hampered by the opaque nature, … and physical structure of soils. We describe here a novel technology—low field magnetic resonance imaging (LF-MRI)—for … imaging of energy sorghum root morphology and architecture in intact soils. Our use of magnetic fields much weaker than …

A Review and Implementation of Algorithms for Fast and Reliable Fire Detection

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Walter W. Jones
… Smoke is sensed either by light scattering or changes in conductive properties of the air, heat by thermocouples … by chemical cells. There is much additional work in progress to use solid-state and electrochemical sensors … detection is possible utilizing currently available sensor technology. This includes very early detection as well as …

Determination of Vertical Borehole and Geological Formation Properties using the Crossed Contour Method

January 9, 2017
Author(s)
Brian P. Leyde, S. A. Klein, G. F. Nellis, Harrison Skye
… Storage vertical ground heat exchanger model implemented in the TRansient SYstems Simulation software (TRNSYS). The … of borehole radius and ground thermal conductivity in a series of time windows. The error between the simulated … sets generated at the National Institute of Standards and Technology's Net Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (Davis …

Flame Retardant Emissions from Spray Polyurethane Foam Insulation

April 20, 2016
Author(s)
Dustin G. Poppendieck, Adam P. Blickley, Matthew Schlegel, Angelica Connor
… The desire to build more energy efficient homes in the United States has led to the expansion of the … experiments may not directly predict TCPP concentrations in buildings without consideration of material mass transfer … in the furniture-free National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Net Zero Energy Residential Test Facility …

The DNA Damaging Potential of Photoactivated P25 Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

September 30, 2014
Author(s)
Elijah Petersen, Vytas Reipa, Stephanie S. Watson, Deborah Jacobs, Savelas A. Rabb, Bryant C. Nelson
… Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are found in numerous commercial and personal care products. Thus, it … risks. It is well known that photoactivated TiO2 NPs in aerated aqueous solutions can generate highly reactive … genomic DNA exposed to National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material TiO2 NPs (Degussa P25) …

Polarized 3HE Spin Filters for Neutron Science

February 12, 2014
Author(s)
Thomas R. Gentile, Wei-Chen N. Chen
… spin filters at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Center for Neutron Research (NCNR). The … have allowed us to reach 3He polarizations up to 85 % in spin filter cells ~ 1 liter in volume. Studies have revealed limits to the achievable …

Determining Structure Vulnerabilities to Firebrand Showers in Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires

October 10, 2011
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Seul-Hyun Park, Sayaka S. Suzuki, John R. Shields, Yoshihiko Hayashi
… experimental device than can generate a firebrand shower in a safe and repeatable fashion. Since wind plays a critical role in the spread of WUI fires in the USA and urban fires in Japan, NIST has established … Determining Structure Vulnerabilities to Firebrand Showers in Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires …

Detecting Cooling Coil Fouling Automatically-Part 1: A Novel Concept

July 1, 2010
Author(s)
Daniel A. Veronica
… it escapes detection under current building automation technology. A novel concept is introduced to automatically … coils. A machine–learning algorithm (the “agent”) embedded in microcontroller hardware receives and stores real–time … all data sampled from the instruments whether the coil is in thermal equilibrium or nonequilibrium. A specific system …

Subspace Approximation of Face Recognition Algorithms: An Empirical Study

May 12, 2008
Author(s)
P J. Phillips, Pranab Mohanty, Sudeep Sarkar, Rangachar Kasturi
… built using a training set of face images, is specified in terms of a linear subspace spanned by, possibly … modeling scheme is evaluated on the Facial Recognition Technology (FERET) data set. The experimental results show that the average error in modeling for six algorithms is 6.3% at 0.001 False …

Reduced-Scale Ventilation-Limited Enclosure Fires: Heat and Combustion Product Measurements

September 3, 2007
Author(s)
Erik L. Johnsson, Matthew F. Bundy, Anthony P. Hamins
… The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recently conducted a series of … of and improved modeling for compartment fires, especially in the ventilation-limited regime. The series of 17 experiments was conducted in a Reduced-Scale Enclosure (RSE) with dimensions 95 cm wide …

Reconstructing the Station Nightclub Fire: Computer Modeling of the Fire Growth and Spread

September 1, 2007
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, William L. Grosshandler
… and ceiling of the platform that was being used as a stage in The Station Nightclub, Rhode Island, USA. The fire spread … walls and ceiling, smoke emerged from the exit doorways in less than one minute, smoke dropped quickly to near the … of the fire, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) utilized a computer fire model to …

The Coming of Age of Tilt CD-SEM

March 1, 2007
Author(s)
B Bunday, J Allgair, E Solecky, C Archie, Ndubuisi George Orji
… metrology is becoming more urgent to address critical gaps in metrology for both lithographic and etch processes. … (ArF source, where lambda=193 nm) sometimes results in photoresist lines with re-entrant profiles or T-topping, … (CD) as too large. Recent advances in gate process technology also raise challenges to traditional top-down …

Bilateral Comparison between NIST (USA) and NPLI (India) in the Hydraulic Pressure Region 40 MPa to 200 Mpa

August 1, 2006
Author(s)
Robert G. Driver, Douglas A. Olson, S Yadav, A Bandyopadhyay
… between the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, USA and the National … January to February, 2004. The comparison was performed in both the institutes in three complete and identical pressure cycles in increasing … Bilateral Comparison between NIST (USA) and NPLI (India) in the Hydraulic Pressure Region 40 MPa to 200 Mpa …

Comparison of Photovoltaic Module Performance Measurements

May 2, 2006
Author(s)
Arthur H. Fanney, Mark W. Davis, Brian P. Dougherty, D L. King, W E. Boyson, J A. Kratochvil
… the energy production of photovoltaic systems are needed in order to make informed economic decisions. These tools … tested outdoors at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). Two … a computer simulation model, the impact that differences in measured parameters have on predicted energy production is …

Report of Experimental Results for the International Fire Model Benchmarking and Validation Exercise #3.

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, Alexander Maranghides, Erik L. Johnsson, Michelle K. Donnelly, Jiann C. Yang, George W. Mulholland, Robert Anleitner
… (NRC) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are participating in an International Collaborative Fire Model Project (ICFMP) … of hydrocarbon spray fires varying from 350 kW to 2 MW in heat release rate burning in a single compartment 7 m …

Building Stones of America: 50 Years of the NIST Stone Test Wall

October 1, 2004
Author(s)
Paul E. Stutzman, J Raz
… In 1880 the Census Office and the National Museum in Washington, DC conducted a study of building stones of the … site at NBS, now the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The purpose of …

Improving the Uncertainty of Photomask Linewidth Measurements

May 1, 2004
Author(s)
J Pedulla, James E. Potzick, Richard M. Silver
… The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is currently developing a photomask … than the previous NIST standards (SRMs 473, 475, 476). In calibrating these standards, optical simulation modeling … certified linewidths. Consequently, the total uncertainty in the linewidth calibration is a result of uncertainty …

Comparison Of The Complete Mtdna Genome Sequences Of Human Cell Lines - Hl-60 And Gm10742a - From Individuals With Pro-Myelocytic Leukemia And Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy, Respectively, And The Inclusion Of Hl-60 In The Nist Human Mitochondrial Dna

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
Barbara C. Levin, K A. Holland, Diane K. Hancock, Michael Coble, T. J. Parsons, L J. Kienker, D W. Williams, M P. Jones, K L. Ritchie
… will be available to the forensic and medical communities in the spring of 2003; it will be called National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) human mtDNA SRM 2392 will continue to be … and sequencing any DNA. Compared to the normal templates in SRM 2392, the HL-60 mtDNA in SRM 2392-I has two tRNA …

Prediction of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Cell Temperatures

May 1, 2001
Author(s)
Mark W. Davis, Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty
… tools. Architects and building owners need these tools in order to determine if the potential energy savings … expenditure. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) seeks to provide high quality experimental … operating cell temperature (NOCT), which can be used in conjunction with a calculation procedure to predict the …

Analysis of Samples Removed from a Damaged Pipeline

April 15, 2001
Author(s)
Paul E. Stutzman
… signs of mechanical gouging and had experienced a rupture in service. The gouges were partly filled with a partially … Division of the National Institute of Standards and Technology was contacted by NTSB to assist in characterizing the material and to determine if it was a …

Radiometric Measurement Comparisons Using Transfer Radiometers in Support of the Calibration of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) Sensors

September 1, 1999
Author(s)
James J. Butler, B. Carol Johnson, Steven W. Brown, Howard Yoon, R Barnes, B L. Markham, S F. Biggar, E F. Zalewski, P R. Spyak, J W. Cooper, F Sakuma
… EOS satellite instruments operating in the visible through the shortwave infrared wavelength … radiometers from the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the University of Arizona Optical Sciences Center … Center, and the National Research Laboratory of Metrology in Japan, have participated in these comparisons. The …

Fire Safety of Passenger Trains. Phase 1: Material Evaluation (Cone Calorimeter) (NISTIR 6132)

March 1, 1999
Author(s)
Richard D. Peacock, E Braun
… from the Cone Calorimeter and with the test methods in the FRA guidelines. Comparisons using these correlations … Cone Calorimeter testing equivalent to those recommended in the FRA guidelines. As part of the passenger equipment … 1993 study by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was that the use of fire hazard assessment …
Displaying 13126 - 13150 of 13227
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