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Search Publications

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Displaying 2701 - 2725 of 2915

X-ray Scattering Studies of Reverse Osmosis Materials

August 25, 2020
Author(s)
Qinyi Fu, Nisha Verma, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Francisco J. Medellin-Rodriguez, Peter Beaucage, Christopher Stafford, Benjamin M. Ocko
Scarcity of freshwater is becoming a world crisis. In a recent annual risk report, the World Economic Forum lists it in their greatest global risk category. Currently, about four billion people live under conditions of severe water scarcity for at least

Damage sensing using a mechanophore crosslinked epoxy resin in single-fiber composites

May 26, 2020
Author(s)
Jeremiah W. Woodcock, Richard J. Sheridan, Ryan Beams, Stephan J. Stranick, William F. Mitchell, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Gale A. Holmes, Catherine L. Brinson, Vamshi Gudapati, hartman David, Amol Vaidya
Natural and man-made composite materials must be tough, durable and damage tolerant1,2. For man-made composites to rival, or exceed, the dynamic, multifunctional performance of natural materials new information about the fundamental mechanisms responsible

Evaluating performance, degradation, and release behavior of a nanoform pigmented coating after natural and accelerated weathering

December 6, 2019
Author(s)
Ronald S. Lankone, David G. Goodwin, Li Piin Sung, Emmanuel Ruggiero, Klaus Vilsmeier, Philipp Mueller, Sorin Pulbere, Katie Challis, Yuqiang Bi, Paul Westerhoff, James Ranville, David H. Fairbrother, Wendel Wohlleben
Pigments with nanoscale dimensions are added to exterior coatings to achieve desirable color and gloss properties. The present study compared the performance, degradation, and release behavior of an acrylic coating that was pigmented by a nanoform of Cu

Contemporary x-ray wavelength metrology and traceability

July 3, 2019
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, James P. Cline, Albert Henins, Marcus H. Mendenhall, Csilla I. Szabo-Foster
We report recent advances in absolute x-ray wavelength metrology in the context of producing modern standard reference data. Primary standard x-ray wavelengths are typically measured with two-crystal (or more) diffraction spectrometers operated in

The Blind Side: Using Canned Loading Protocols in Seismic Testing

June 17, 2019
Author(s)
Matthew S. Speicher, Bruce F. Maison
The seismic behavior of a building component (e.g., shear wall) is a fundamental attribute engineers need to assess the earthquake performance of a building. It is no surprise that component behavior is often dependent on the loading history. Repeatedly

Understanding the Static Interfacial Polymer Layer by Exploring the Dispersion States of Nanocomposites

May 5, 2019
Author(s)
Anne-Caroline Genix, Vera Bocharova, Bobby Carroll, Michelle Lehmann, Tomonori Saito, Susan T. Krueger, Lilin He, Philippe Dieudonne-George, Alexei P. Sokolov, Julian Oberdisse
The dynamic and static properties of the interfacial region between polymer and nanoparticles have wide-ranging consequences on performances of nanomaterials. The thickness and density of the static layer are particularly difficult to assess experimentally

Continuum of Quantum Fluctuations in a Three-Dimensional S = 1 Heisenberg Magnet

January 1, 2019
Author(s)
K. W. Plumb, Hitesh J. Changlani, A. Scheie, Shu Zhang, J. W. Krizan, Jose Rodriguez Rivera, Yiming Qiu, B. Winn, R. J. Cava, Collin L. Broholm
Spin liquids are a fundamentally new phase of matter that cannot be described by a broken symmetry and have no order parameter. While the quantum entanglement that characterizes a quantum spin liquid is not directly accessible to any current measurement

Atomic clock performance beyond Earths gravitational limit

December 6, 2018
Author(s)
William F. McGrew, Xiaogang Zhang, Robert J. Fasano, Stefan A. Schaeffer, Kyle P. Beloy, Daniele Nicolodi, Roger C. Brown, N. Hinkley, G. Milani, Marco Schioppo, T. H. Yoon, Andrew D. Ludlow
The passage of time is tracked by counting oscillations of a suitable frequency reference (e.g., the number of revolutions of Earth around the sun or the number of swings of a pendulum of a grandfather clock). By referencing the oscillations arising from

Guidance for Evaluating Contactless Fingerprint Acquisition Devices

July 27, 2018
Author(s)
John M. Libert, John D. Grantham, Bruce Bandini, Stephen S. Wood, Michael D. Garris, Kenneth Ko, Frederick R. Byers, Craig I. Watson
This document details efforts undertaken by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to develop measurements and a protocol for the evaluation of contactless (touchless) fingerprint acquisition devices. Contactless fingerprint capture

Estimating Error Rates for Firearm Evidence Identifications in Forensic Science

March 1, 2018
Author(s)
Jun-Feng Song, Theodore V. Vorburger, Wei Chu, James H. Yen, Johannes A. Soons, D Ott, Nien F. Zhang
Estimating error rates for firearm evidence identification is a fundamental challenge in forensic science. This paper describes the recently developed Congruent Matching Cells (CMC) method for image comparisons, its application to firearm identification

Rheological Measurement of Suspensions Without Slippage: Experimental and Model

December 13, 2016
Author(s)
Alex Olivas, Michelle A. Helsel, Nicos Martys, Chiara C. Ferraris, William L. George, Raissa Ferron
The conclusion of international studies was that the optimal approach to calibrate concrete rheometers would be to develop a non-Newtonian standard reference material (SRM) that contained inclusions similar in size to aggregates used commonly in concrete

Scalable Manufacturing of Layer-by-Layer Membranes for Water Purification

December 1, 2016
Author(s)
Christopher M. Stafford
Water is critical to the health and security of our nation. And as our population expands and water scarcity becomes a reality, we as a people need to think creatively on how we safeguard access to clean water. The manufacturing of today’s state-of-the-art

Electrical Units in the New SI: Saying Goodbye to the 1990 Values

May 12, 2016
Author(s)
Nick Fletcher, Gert Rietveld, James K. Olthoff, Ilya F. Budovsky
The proposed redefinition of several SI base units is a topic that has been on the metrology agenda for the last decade. The general principles and the motivation for the changes have been presented at the NCSLI several times. However, recent progress on

Dimensional Reduction of Duplex DNA Under Nanofluidic Slit Confinement

August 19, 2015
Author(s)
Luis Fernando Vargas Lara, Jack F. Douglas, Samuel M. Stavis, Elizabeth A. Strychalski, Jon C. Geist, Brian J. Nablo
There has been much recent interest in the dimensional properties of duplex DNA under nanoscale confinement conditions as a problem of fundamental interest in both technological and biological fields. This has led to a series of measurements by

Longitudinal Study of Fingerprint Recognition

June 30, 2015
Author(s)
Soweon Yoon, Anil Jain
Human identification by fingerprints is based on the fundamental premise that ridge patterns from distinct fingers are different (uniqueness) and a fingerprint pattern does not change over time (persistence). While the uniqueness of fingerprints has been

High-dimensional hyperentanglement of mode-locked two-photon states

June 29, 2015
Author(s)
Zhenda Xie, Tian Zhong, Sajan Shrestha, XinAn Xu, Junlin Liang, Yan-Xiao Gong, Alessandro Restelli, Jeffrey Shapiro, Franco N. Wong, Chee Wei Wong, Joshua Bienfang
Quantum entanglement is the fundamental resource for quantum information processing and communications, including secure data rates with higher capacities and better error resilience [1-9]. In dense-coded quantum communication channels, it is desirable to
Displaying 2701 - 2725 of 2915
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