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NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 23051 - 23075 of 73461

Optical fiber-coupled cryogenic radiometer with carbon nanotube absorber

April 1, 2012
Author(s)
David J. Livigni, Nathan A. Tomlin, Christopher L. Cromer, John H. Lehman
A cryogenic radiometer was constructed for direct-substitution optical fiber power measurements. The cavity is intended to operate at the 3 K temperature stage of a dilution refrigerator or 4.2 K stage of a liquid cryostat. The optical fiber is removable

The Evolution of Time Measurement Part V: Radio Controlled Clocks

April 1, 2012
Author(s)
Michael A. Lombardi
A historical article about the origins and the development of radio controlled clocks (Part IV of a IV-part series). It describes the first time signal radio stations, the early use of telegraphic time codes, and the modern use of digital time codes. It

Electronic properties of multilayer graphene

March 31, 2012
Author(s)
Hongki Min
In this chapter, we study the electronic structure of arbitrarily stacked multilayer graphene in the absence or presence of magnetic field. Energy band structure and Landau level spectrum are obtained using a pi-orbital continuum model with nearest

Graphene Carrier Transport Theory

March 31, 2012
Author(s)
Shaffique Adam
In this chapter we study the mechanisms for carrier transport in two dimensional graphene sheets. We demonstrate that at high carrier density, graphene's transport properties depend both on the type of impurities present and on graphene's screening

Nonlinear Modal Analysis of Structures with Rigid-End Offsets

March 31, 2012
Author(s)
Kevin K. Wong
The nonlinear modal analysis (NMA) methodology for analyzing moment-resisting framed structures is here extended to include frame elements with rigid-end offsets. Four keys components of the NMA methodology for conducting dynamic analysis of nonlinear

Criteria Towards Metrics for Benchmarking Template Protection Algorithms

March 30, 2012
Author(s)
Eddy Simoens, Bian Yang, Xuebing Zhou, Filipe Beato, Christoph Busch, Elaine M. Newton, Bart Preneel
Traditional criteria used in biometric performance evaluation do not cover all the performance aspects of biometric template protection (BTP) and the lack of well-defined metrics inhibits the proper evaluation of such methods. Previous work in the

Crystal Structure of the Type I Clathrate Ba8Ni4Ge42

March 30, 2012
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Qingzhen Huang, Igor Levin, Joseph C. Woicik, Xun Shi, Jihui Yang, James A. Kaduk
The crystal structure of Type-I clathrate Ba8Ni4Ge42 has been determined using neutron powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM, for possible superlattice), extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements. Ba8Ni4Ge42 is cubic with

Modeling for Optimal Ambulance Patient Compartment Layout

March 30, 2012
Author(s)
Deogratias Kibira, Yung-Tsun Lee, Mehdi Dadfarnia
This paper describes how modeling and simulation can play a major role in developing standards recommendations for patient compartment layout of automotive ambulances in the United States, to improve performance and safety. Acquiring necessary information

Positively-charged Dimethacrylates to Reduce Bacterial Attachment

March 30, 2012
Author(s)
Nancy J. Lin, Joseph M. Antonucci, Diana N. Zeiger, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Kathy Tang
The widespread incidence of recurrent tooth decay (caries) highlights the need for improved dental restorative materials. Caries are most frequently caused by acid-producing bacterial biofilms. One approach for developing biomaterials with reduced

Quantum interface between an electrical circuit and a single atom

March 30, 2012
Author(s)
Jacob M. Taylor, Dvir Kafri, David Kielpinski, G J. Milburn, M J. Woolley
Atomic systems are remarkably well suited to storage and processing of quantum information. However, their properties are tightly constrained by physical law, causing difficulties in interfacing to optical or electronic devices. On the other hand, quantum

Evaluation of Fusion Methods for Latent Fingerprint Matchers

March 29, 2012
Author(s)
Vladimir N. Dvornychenko
Matcher fusion is a recognized approach for improving biometric system performance. Our interest in fusion was largely to determine how much performance "headroom" exists with current matcher technology. We employed five latent fingerprint matchers, having

Force Key Comparison CCM.F-K4.a and CCM.F-K4.b for 4 MN and 2 MN Forces

March 29, 2012
Author(s)
Thomas W. Bartel
This report gives the results for the Comité International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM) key comparisons in force, for the force values of 4 MN and 2 MN, designated by comparison numbers CCM.F-K4.a and CCM.F-K4.b, respectively. The National Institute of

Modeling Cement Hydration Kinetics Using the Equivalent Age Concept

March 29, 2012
Author(s)
Xueyu Pang, Dale P. Bentz, Christian Meyer
In this study the hydration kinetics of four different types of cements during early ages were investigated by both chemical shrinkage and isothermal calorimetry tests. Chemical shrinkage tests were performed at both different temperatures and pressures

Modeling for Optimal Ambulance Patient Compartment Layout

March 29, 2012
Author(s)
Deogratias Kibira, Yung-Tsun T. Lee, Mehdi Dadfarnia
This paper describes how modeling and simulation can play a major role in developing standards recommendations for patient compartment layout of automotive ambulances in the United States, to improve performance and safety. Acquiring necessary information

SEM imaging of ultra-high aspect ratio hole features

March 29, 2012
Author(s)
John S. Villarrubia, Aron Cepler, Benjamin D. Bunday, Bradley Thiel
In-line, non-destructive process control metrology of high aspect ratio (HAR) holes and trenches has long been a known gap in metrology. Imaging the bottoms of at-node size beyond 10:1 AR contact holes in oxide has not yet been demonstrated. Nevertheless

A Prototype Web-Based User Interface for Sustainability Modeling and Optimization

March 28, 2012
Author(s)
Guodong Shao, David Westbrook, Alexander Brodsky
A growing number of manufacturing industries are initiating efforts to address sustainability issues. Energy efficient manufacturing and low carbon manufacturing are gaining particular attention. Finding the optimal solution of operational strategy and

Ground Truth for Evaluating 6 Degrees of Freedom Pose Estimation Systems

March 28, 2012
Author(s)
Jeremy Marvel, Joseph Falco, Tsai H. Hong
Systems developed to estimate poses of objects in 6 degrees of freedom (6DOF) Cartesian space (X, Y, and Z coordinates plus roll, pitch, and yaw) are reliant on the vendors' own processes to determine performance and measurement accuracy. These practices

Guidelines for Improving Security and Privacy in Public Cloud Computing

March 28, 2012
Author(s)
Shirley M. Radack
This bulletin summarizes the information presented in NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-144, Guidelines on Security and Privacy in Public Cloud Computing. These new guidelines, which were written by Wayne Jansen of Booz Allen Hamilton and Tim Grance of

Interplay Between the Magnetic and Electric Degrees of Freedom in Multiferroic Co 3 TeO 6

March 28, 2012
Author(s)
Wen-Hsien Li, Chin-Wei Wang, Daniel Hsu, Chi-Hung Lee, Chun-Ming Wu, Chih-Chieh Chou, Hung-Duen Yang, Yang Zhao, Sung Chang, Jeffrey W. Lynn, Helmuth Berger
Neutron diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and dielectric constant measurements of single crystal Co 3TeO 6 have been measured to study the interplay between the ferroelectricy and magnetic order. Long range incommensurate magnetic order

OOF3D: An Image-Based Finite Element Solver for Materials Science

March 28, 2012
Author(s)
Valerie R. Coffman, Andrew C. Reid, Stephen A. Langer, Gunay Dogan
Recent advances in experimental techniques (micro CT scans, automated serial sectioning, electron back-scatter diffraction, synchrotron radiation x-rays) have made it possible to characterize the full, three dimensional structure of real materials. Such
Displaying 23051 - 23075 of 73461
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