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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 8751 - 8775 of 73697

Surface-reaction induced structural oscillations in the subsurface

January 16, 2020
Author(s)
Xianhu Sun, Wenhui Zhu, Dongxiang WU, Chaoran Li, Jianyu Wang, Yaguang Zhu, Xiaobo Chen, Jorge A. Boscoboinik, Renu Sharma, Guangwen Zhou
Surface and subsurface are commonly considered as separate entities because of the difference in the bonding environment and are often investigated separately due to the experimental challenges in differentiating the surface and subsurface effects. Using

Effect of Vacancy Creation and Annihilation on Grain Boundary Motion

January 15, 2020
Author(s)
Geoffrey B. McFadden, William J. Boettinger, Yuri Mishin
The interaction of vacancies with grain boundaries (GBs) is involved in many processes occurring in materials, including radiation damage healing and diffusional creep. We analyze a model describing a set of processes occurring at a GB in the presence of a

Graphene oxide/waterborne polyurethane nanocoatings: Effects of graphene oxide content on performance properties

January 15, 2020
Author(s)
David G. Goodwin, Coralie Bernard, Xiaohong Gu, Mat Celina, Marc R. Nyden, Deborah S. Jacobs, Li Piin Sung, Tinh Nguyen
Graphene oxide (GO) is a good nanofiller candidate for waterborne coatings because of its outstanding physical and mechanical properties, good dispersibility in water, and low cost. Here, we report on the performance of a one-part, water-borne polyurethane

Input Space Coverage Matters

January 15, 2020
Author(s)
David R. Kuhn, Raghu N. Kacker, Yu Lei, Dimitris Simos
Testing is the most commonly used approach for software assurance, yet it remains as much judgement and art as science. Structural coverage adds some rigor to the process by establishing formally defined criteria for some notion of test completeness, but

Role of non-linear data processing on speech recognition task in the framework of reservoir computing

January 15, 2020
Author(s)
Flavio Abreu Araujo, Mathieu Riou, Jacob Torrejon, Sumito Tsunegi, Damien Querlioz, K. Yakushiji, Akio Fukushima, Hitoshi Kubota, Shinji Yuasa, Mark D. Stiles, Julie Grollier
The reservoir computing neural network architecture is widely used to test hardware systems for neuromorphic computing. One of the preferred tasks for bench-marking such devices is automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, this task requires acoustic

Scattering mechanism for quadratic evolution of depolarization

January 15, 2020
Author(s)
Thomas A. Germer
It was recently demonstrated theoretically, when the polarimetric properties of a material depend only upon the direction transverse to that of propagation (long coherence length regime), depolarization in transmission evolves quadratically with material

THE CERTIFICATION OF STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIAL 660C FOR POWDER DIFFRACTION

January 15, 2020
Author(s)
David R. Black, Marcus H. Mendenhall, Albert Henins, James J. Filliben, James P. Cline
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) certifies a suite of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) to evaluate specific aspects of instrument performance of both x-ray and neutron powder diffractometers. This report describes SRM 660c, the

Transgranular Cracking in a Liquid Zn Embrittled High Strength Steel

January 15, 2020
Author(s)
Diptak Bhattacharya, Lawrence Cho, Ellen Van der Aa, Hassan Ghassemi-Armaki, Andreas Pichler, Kip O. Findley, John G. Speer
Intergranular Zn-assisted liquid metal embrittlement (LME) cracks have been frequently reported in steels, involving austenite grain boundary penetration of liquid Zn at high temperature. In the present study, a Zn-coated high strength steel was deformed

Valley Phenomena in the Candidate Phase Change Material WSe2(1-x)Te2x

January 15, 2020
Author(s)
Sean M. Oliver, Joshua Young, Sergiy Krylyuk, Thomas L. Reinecke, Albert Davydov, Patrick M. Vora
Alloyed transition metals dichalcogenides (TMDs) provide the unique opportunity for coupling band engineering and valleytronic phenomena in an atomically-thin platform. However, valley properties remain largely unexplored in TMD alloys. Here, we

A Taxonomic Approach to Understanding Emerging Blockchain Identity Management Systems

January 14, 2020
Author(s)
Loic D. Lesavre, Priam C. Varin, Peter M. Mell, Michael S. Davidson, James Shook
Identity management systems (IDMSs) are widely used to provision user identities while managing authentication, authorization, and data sharing within organizations and on the web. Traditional identity systems typically suffer from single points of failure

Critical Path Method Assessment of Community Recovery

January 14, 2020
Author(s)
Francis M. Lavelle, Charles Goodhue, Douglas Lyons
The critical path method (CPM) is investigated as a tool for identifying recovery activities that control the timeline for restoration of key community functions in the wake of a major disruptive event, such as a hurricane or tornado. Three recovery

Key Considerations for Microbial Viability Measurements

January 14, 2020
Author(s)
Joy Dunkers, Sandra M. Da Silva, Stephanie Servetas, James J. Filliben, Guilherme L. Pinheiro, Nancy Lin
Making reliable measurements of antimicrobial killing efficacy requires careful consideration of the sources of biological variability, measurement bias and error throughout the entire workflow. For ultraviolet-C (UV-C) disinfection, killing efficacy is

Structure of the cell-binding component of the Clostridium difficile binary toxin reveals a di- heptamer macromolecular assembly

January 14, 2020
Author(s)
Xingjian Xu, Raquel Ruiz, Kaylin Adipietro, Christopher Peralta, Danya Ben-Hail, Kristen Varney, Mary Cook, Braden Roth, Paul Wilder, Thomas Cleveland, Alexander Grishaev, Heather Neu, Sarah Michel, Wenbo Yu, Dorothy Beckett, Richard Rustandi, Alex MacKerell, Amedee des Georges, Edwin Pozharski, David Weber
Targeting Clostridium difficile infection is challenging because treatment options are limited, and high recurrence rates are common. One reason for this is that hypervirulent C. difficile strains often have a binary toxin termed the C. difficile toxin, in

Phononic Frequency Combs For Engineering MEMS/NEMS Devices With Tunable Sensitivity

January 13, 2020
Author(s)
Adarsh V. Ganesan, Ashwin Seshia, Jason J. Gorman
Over the past two decades, MEMS resonators have received considerable attention for physical, chemical and biological sensing applications. Typically, the operation of MEMS resonant sensors relies on the tracking of a resonance frequency using a feedback

Overshoot Mitigation Using the Reference Governor Framework

January 12, 2020
Author(s)
DJ Anand, Hamid Ossareh, Collin Freiheit
This paper presents a novel reference governor scheme for overshoot mitigation in a tracking control system. Our proposed scheme, referred to as the Reference Governor with DynamicConstraint (RG-DC), recasts the overshoot mitigation problem as a constraint

Experimental Low-Latency Device-Independent Quantum Randomness

January 10, 2020
Author(s)
Yanbao Zhang, Lynden K. Shalm, Joshua C. Bienfang, Martin J. Stevens, Michael D. Mazurek, Sae Woo Nam, Carlos Abellan, Waldimar Amaya, Morgan Mitchell, Honghao Fu, Carl A. Miller, Alan Mink, Emanuel H. Knill
Applications of randomness such as private key generation and public randomness beacons require small blocks of certified random bits on demand. Device-independent quantum randomness can produce such random bits, but existing quantum-proof protocols and

Implications of DNA Damage and DNA Repair on Human Diseases

January 10, 2020
Author(s)
Bryant C. Nelson, M Miral Dizdar
Cellular DNA damage is implicated in the etiology and progression of many different types of human disorders and diseases. Much of the current research in the DNA damage field is devoted towards understanding the mechanisms and biological implications of

Observation of an isomerizing double-well quantum system in the condensed phase

January 10, 2020
Author(s)
Varun Verma, Jascha A. Lau, Arnab Choudhury, Li Chen, Dirk Schwarzer, Alec M. Wodtke
Molecules are quantum objects; therefore, isomerization fundamentally involves quantum states bound within a molecular potential energy function with multiple minima. For isolated gas-phase molecules, eigenstates well above the isomerization saddle points

Detector-Agnostic Phase-Space Distributions

January 9, 2020
Author(s)
Thomas Gerrits, Adriana Lita, Sae Woo Nam, Jan Sperling, David Phillips, Jacob Bulmer, G Thekkadath, A. Eckstein, T Wolterink, J Lugani, Wolfgang Vogel, G.S. Agarwal, Christine Silberhorn, Ian Walmsley
The representation of quantum states via phase-space functions constitutes an intuitive technique to characterize light. However, the reconstruction of such distributions is challenging as it demands specific types of detectors and detailed models thereof

Modelling photovoltaic soiling losses through optical characterization

January 9, 2020
Author(s)
Greg P. Smestad, Thomas Germer, Hameed Alrashidi, Eduardo F. Fern?ndez, Sumon Dey, Paidisetty S. Kumar, Honey Brahma, Aritra Ghosh, Nazmi Sellami, Ibrahim A. Hassan, Amal Kasry, Bala Pesala, S. Senthilarasu, Florencia Almonacid, K. S. Reddy, Tapas K. Mallick, Leonardo Micheli
The accumulation of soiling on photovoltaic (PV) modules affects PV systems worldwide. Soiling consists of mineral dust, soot particles, aerosols, pollen, fungi and/or other contaminants that deposit on the surface of PV modules. Soiling absorbs, scatters

The impact of the metal interface on the stability and quality of a therapeutic fusion protein

January 9, 2020
Author(s)
Adrian P. Defante, Steven D. Hudson, Cavan K. Kalonia, Emma Keegan, Steven Bishop, Paul Santacroce, Satish Hasige
Subvisible particle formation which occurs after the sterile filtration step of the fill/finish process is challenge that may occur during the development of biotherapeutics with complex molecular structures. Here, we show that a stainless-steel pump head
Displaying 8751 - 8775 of 73697
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