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Physics

Radiation

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Displaying 176 - 200 of 259

CT head-scan dosimetry in an anthropomorphic phantom and associated measurement of ACR accreditation-phantom imaging metrics under clinically representative scan conditions

July 24, 2013
Author(s)
Ronaldo Minniti, Claudia Brunner, Stanley H. Stern, Marie I. Parry, Kish Chakrabarti
The purpose of this work was to measure radiation absorbed dose and its distribution in an anthropomorphic head phantom under clinically representative scan conditions in three widely-used computed tomography (CT) scanners, and to relate those dose values

Improving quantitative neutron radiography through image restoration

July 20, 2013
Author(s)
Daniel S. Hussey, Elias M. Baltic, Kevin J. Coakley, David L. Jacobson
This in-situ study examines the water content in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) using neutron radiography. Various conditions such as different polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) loadings in the gas diffusion media including the micro-porous layer (MPL

Relationship between CTDI values and measured Peak Skin Dose (PSD)

July 16, 2013
Author(s)
Ronaldo Minniti, Hugo de las Heras Gala, Sean Wilson, Chad Mitchell, Marlene Skopec, Claudia Brunner, Kish Chakrabarti
In this work we relate the CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) readily displayed in all CT units with an actual Peak Skin Dose (PSD) value. Measurements of the CTDI and skin exposure were performed simultaneously using an ionization chamber and radiochromic

Lattice damage in superconducting microcalorimeter detectors

June 3, 2013
Author(s)
Robert D. Horansky, Joel N. Ullom, Michael W. Rabin
There is currently significant interest in using superconducting detectors for measurement of ion kinetic energies. Unprecedented resolution is possible with an order of magnitude improvement over semiconductors. Superconducting detectors are now able to

X-Ray Micro-Beam Diffraction Determination of Full Stress Tensors in Cu TSVs

May 28, 2013
Author(s)
Chukwudi A. Okoro, Lyle E. Levine, Oleg A. Kirillov, Yaw S. Obeng, Ruqing Xu, Jonathan Z. Tischler, Wenjun Liu, Klaus Hummler
We report the first non-destructive, depth resolved determination of the full stress tensor in Cu through-silicon vias (TSVs), using synchrotron based micro-beam X-ray diffraction. Two adjacent Cu TSVs were studied; one deliberately capped with SiO2, the

Wide Angle Polarization Analysis with Neutron Spin Filters

April 29, 2013
Author(s)
Qiang NMN Ye, Thomas R. Gentile, Jeffrey R. Anderson, Collin L. Broholm, WangChun Chen, Z DeLand, Ross W. Erwin, C. B. Fu, John E. Fuller III, Aaron V. Kirchhoff, J. A. Rodriguez-Rivera, V. Thampy, T G. Walker, Shannon Watson
We report substantial improvements in a compact wide angle neutron spin filter system that was recently employed on the Multi-Axis Crystal Spectrometer at the Center for Neutron Research at the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology. The

Tungsten L Transition Line Shapes and Energy Shifts Resulting from Ionization in Warm Dense Matter

April 18, 2013
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, John F. Seely, Bruce V. Weber, D. G. Phipps, Nino R. Pereira, D Mosher, K. Slabkowska, M. Polasik, J Rzadkiewicz, S Hansen, Uri Feldman, Joseph W. Schumer
High resolution spectra of the W L transitions in the energy range 8 keV to 12 keV from warm dense plasmas generated by the Naval Research Laboratory’s Gamble III pulsed power machine were recorded by a transmission-crystal x-ray spectrometer with ± 2 eV

Reply to Comment on "Testing Three-body Quantum Electrodynamics with Trapped Ti20+ Ions: Evidence for a Z-Dependent Divergence between Experiment and Calculation"

April 12, 2013
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, C T. Chantler, M N. Kinnane, John D. Gillaspy, A.T. Payne, L F. Smale, Albert Henins, Joshua M. Pomeroy, J A. Kimpton, E Takacs, K Makonyi
We find that Epp’s [1] hypothesis - namely that the current experimental data set is well represented by a small constant or zero offset from the predictions of Artemyev et al. [2] - is not supported by standard statistical analysis. We find that adding

Characterization of the NIST Shellfish Standard Reference Material 4358

March 1, 2013
Author(s)
Svetlana Nour, Kenneth G. Inn, James J. Filliben, Hank dan der Gaast, Lee Chung Men, M.D. Calmet, P Povinec, Y Takata, M. Wisdom, K. Nakamura, Pia Vesterbacka, Ching-Chung Huang, S M. Vakulovsky
A new Shellfish Standard Reference Material (SRM 4358) was developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) via an international intercomparison project that involved 12 laboratories-participants from 9 countries (Table 1). This

Standardization of Broadband UV Measurements

January 1, 2013
Author(s)
George P. Eppeldauer
The CIE standardized rectangular-shape UV response functions can be realized only with large spectral mismatch errors. The spectral power-distribution of UV sources is not standardized. Accordingly, the readings of different types of UV meters, even if

Testing Three-body Quantum Electrodynamics with Trapped Ti-20 Ions: Evidence for a Z-Dependent Divergence between Experiment and Calculation

October 10, 2012
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, C T. Chantler, Mark N. Kinnane, John D. Gillaspy, A.T. Payne, L F. Smale, Albert Henins, Joseph N. Tan, J A. Kimpton, E Takacs, K Makonyi, Joshua M. Pomeroy
We report the measurement of the w (1s2p 1P1 ! 1s2 1S0) resonance line transition energy in helium-like titanium. Our result, 4749.85(7) eV, deviates from the most recent ab initio prediction by three times our experimental uncertainty and by many times

Search for a T-odd, P-even Triple Correlation in Neutron Decay

September 14, 2012
Author(s)
Jeffrey S. Nico, T E. Chupp, K P. Coulter, R L. Cooper, S. J. Freeman, B. K. Fujikawa, A. Garcia, Gordon L. Jones, Hans P. Mumm, Alan K. Thompson, C A. Trull, F. E. Wiefeldt, J. F. Wilkerson
Time-reversal-invariance (T) violation, or equivalently, assuming charge-conjugation-parity-time-reversal (CPT) invariance, CP violation may explain the observed cosmological baryon asymmetry as well as signal physics beyond the Standard Model. In the

Justification of Shielding Requirements for Plutonium Sources

September 12, 2012
Author(s)
Leticia S. Pibida, Michael P. Unterweger
This report provides a justification for shielding plutonium sources when testing radiation detection instruments against standard performance requirements and test methods. The use of copper as a shielding material is proposed to provide comparable test

In-situ Polarized 3He system for the Magnetism Reflectometer at the Spallation Neutron Source

July 2, 2012
Author(s)
Thomas R. Gentile, X Tong, C Y. Jiang, V Lauter, H. Ambaye, D. Brown, L Crow, R J. Goyette, W-T Lee, A. Parizzi
We report on the in-situ polarized 3He neutron polarization analyzer developed for the time-of-flight Magnetism Reflectometer (MAGICS) at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Using the spin exchange optical pumping
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