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Physics

Electron physics

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 179

Practical Guide for Inelastic Mean Free Paths, Effective Attenuation Lengths, Mean Escape Depths, and Information Depths in X-ray Photoelectron SpectroscopyInformation Depths in X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

February 20, 2020
Author(s)
Cedric J. Powell
Information is provided on four terms that are used for different purposes in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS): the inelastic mean free path (IMFP), the effective attenuation length (EAL), the mean escape depth (MED), and the information depth (ID)

Excess Electrons Bound to H2S Trimer and Tetramer Clusters

January 24, 2020
Author(s)
Gaoxiang Liu, Manuel Diaz-Tinoco, Sandra M. Ciborowski, Chalynette Martinez-Martinez, Svetlana Lyspustina, Jay H. Hendricks, Vincent Ortiz, Kit H. Bowen
The hydrogen sulfide trimer and tetramer anions, (H2S)3– and (H2S)4–, were generated by Rydberg electron transfer and studied via a synergy between velocity-map imaging anion photoelectron spectroscopy and high-level quantum chemical calculations. The

Circular photogalvanic spectroscopy of Rashba splitting in 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite multiple quantum wells

January 16, 2020
Author(s)
Xiaojie Liu, Ashish Chanana, Uyen Huynh, Fei Xue, Paul M. Haney, Steve Blair, Xiaomei Jiang, Valy Vardeny
The two-dimensional (2D)-phenylethyl ammonium lead iodide (2D-PEPI) is an exemplary hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite, possessing large spin-orbit coupling and forming multiple quantum wells (MQW). We have used helicity-dependent steady state

Nonresonant transmission line probe for sensitive interferometric electron spin resonance detection

August 5, 2019
Author(s)
Pragya R. Shrestha, Nandita S. Abhyankar, Mark A. Anders, Kin P. Cheung, Robert M. Gougelet, Jason T. Ryan, Veronika A. Szalai, Jason P. Campbell
Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy measures paramagnetic free radicals, or electron spins, in a variety of biological, chemical, and physical systems. Detection of diverse paramagnetic species is important in applications ranging from quantum

Electron Reflectometry for Measuring Nanostructures on Opaque Substrate

July 8, 2019
Author(s)
Lawrence H. Friedman, Wen-Li Wu
Here, we present a method for measuring dimensions of nanostructures using specular reflection of electrons from an opaque surface. Development of this method has been motivated by measurement needs of the semiconductor industry, but it can also be more

Intrinsic spin currents in ferromagnets

June 24, 2019
Author(s)
Vivek P. Amin, Junwen Li, Mark D. Stiles, Paul M. Haney
First principles calculations show that electric fields applied to ferromagnets generate spin currents flowing perpendicularly to the electric field. Reduced symmetry in these ferromagnets enables a wide variety of such spin currents. However, the total

Practical Guides for X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: First Steps in Planning, Conducting, and Reporting XPS Measurements

May 15, 2019
Author(s)
Cedric J. Powell, Donald R. Baer, Kateryna Artyushkova, Christopher R. Brundle, James E. Castle, Mark Engelhard, Karen Gaskell, John Grant, Richard Haasch, Matthew Linford, Peter Sherwood, Vincent Smentkowski, Alexander Shard
Over the past three decades, the use of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in research and applications has grown to make XPS the most popular method of surface analysis. There has also been an increase in the number of new or inexperienced users along

An Ultra-fast Multi-level MoTe2-based RRAM

January 17, 2019
Author(s)
Albert Davydov, Leonid A. Bendersky, Sergiy Krylyuk, Huairuo Zhang, Feng Zhang, Joerg Appenzeller, Pragya R. Shrestha, Kin P. Cheung, Jason P. Campbell
We report multi-level MoTe2-based resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices with switching speeds of less than 5 ns due to an electric-field induced 2H to 2Hd phase transition. Different from conventional RRAM devices based on ionic migration, the

High-speed low-power neuromorphic systems based on magnetic Josephson junctions

October 25, 2018
Author(s)
Michael Schneider, Christine A. Donnelly, Stephen E. Russek
Josephson junctions and single flux quantum (SFQ) circuits form a natural neuromorphic technology with SFQ pulses and superconducting transmission lines simulating action potentials and axons, respectively. Josephson junctions consist of superconducting

Interface-generated spin currents

September 26, 2018
Author(s)
Vivek P. Amin, Jan Zemen, Mark D. Stiles
Transport calculations based on ab-initio band structures reveal large interface-generated spin currents at Co/Pt, Co/Cu, and Pt/Cu interfaces. These spin currents are driven by in-plane electric fields but flow out-of-plane, and can have similar strengths

Application of the Complex Kohn Variational Method to Attosecond Spectroscopy

August 6, 2018
Author(s)
Barry I. Schneider, Nicholas Douguet, Luca Argenti
The complex Kohn (CK) variational method is extended to compute light-driven electronic transitions between continuum wavefunctions in atomic and molecular systems. This development enables the study of multiphoton processes in the perturbative regime for

Nanoscale photocurrent mapping in perovskite solar cells

June 1, 2018
Author(s)
Yohan Yoon, Dongheon Ha, Ik Jae Park, Paul M. Haney, Sangwook Lee, Nikolai Zhitenev
In this work, we study spatially-resolved generation of photocurrent of methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite solar cells to reveal the microscopic effects of annealing temperature and degradation under light exposure. Correlating a novel

Elementary Again

April 6, 2018
Author(s)
Mark W. Keller
Mark Keller explains how the elementary charge will soon be reinstated in metrology - and why it got sidelined in the first place.
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