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Metrology

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Displaying 626 - 650 of 2729

Transmission Electron Microscope Calibration Methods for Critical Dimension Standards

October 13, 2016
Author(s)
Ndubuisi G. Orji, Ronald G. Dixson, Domingo I. Garcia-Gutierrez, Bunday Benjamin, M R. Bishop, Michael W. Cresswell, Richard A. Allen, John Allgair
One of the key challenges in critical dimension (CD) metrology is finding suitable dimensional calibration standards. The transmission electron microscope (TEM), which produces lattice-resolved images having scale traceability to the SI (International

Cyber-physical Systems Engineering for Manufacturing

October 7, 2016
Author(s)
Allison Barnard Feeney, Simon P. Frechette, Vijay Srinivasan
There is a convergence of interests in cyber-physical systems, systems engineering, and manufacturing innovation in the United States. The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken research programs in smart manufacturing

Inertial Measurement Unit for On-Machine Diagnostics of Machine Tool Linear Axes

October 7, 2016
Author(s)
Gregory W. Vogl, Alkan Donmez, Andreas Archenti, Brian A. Weiss
Machine tools degrade during operations, yet knowledge of degradation is elusive; accurately detecting degradation of machines' components such as linear axes is typically a manual and time-consuming process. Thus, manufacturers need automated, efficient

Measurement of powder bed density in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing processes

October 5, 2016
Author(s)
Gregor Jacob, M A. Donmez, Shawn P. Moylan, John A. Slotwinski
There are many factors influencing the additive manufacturing (AM) processes resulting in high degree of variation in process outcomes. Therefore, quantifying these factors and their correlations to the process outcomes are important challenges to overcome

The rheo-Raman microscope: Simultaneous chemical, conformational, mechanical, and microstructural measures of soft materials

October 4, 2016
Author(s)
Anthony P. Kotula, Matthew Meyer, Francesca De Vito, Jan Plog, Angela R. Hight Walker, Kalman D. Migler
We describe the design and demonstrate performance of an instrument capable of simultaneous Raman spectroscopy, rheology, and optical microscopy of materials. The instrument couples a Raman microscope with a rotational rheometer through an optically

THE NIST MAGNETIC SUSPENSION MASS COMPARATOR: A LOOK AT AUTOMATION

September 29, 2016
Author(s)
Corey A. Stambaugh, Edward C. Mulhern
The magnetic suspension mass comparator at NIST is a fully automated mass comparator with the unique feature that it is able to directly compare a mass in vacuum to one in air. The technique is realized by coupling a weighing pan located in air to a mass

Bridging classical and quantum mechanics

September 28, 2016
Author(s)
Darine El Haddad, Frank C. Seifert, Leon S. Chao, Shisong Lee, David B. Newell, Jon R. Pratt, Carl J. Williams, Stephan Schlamminger
Using a watt balance and a frequency comb, a mass-energy equivalence is derived. The watt balance compares mechanical power measured in terms of the meter, the second, and the kilogram to electrical power measured in terms of the volt and the ohm. A direct

Low noise thermistor read out for wideband room temperature infrared detectors

September 25, 2016
Author(s)
Ivan Ryger, Michelle S. Stephens, John H. Lehman, Matthew T. Spidell, Malcolm G. White, Nathan A. Tomlin, Dave Harber, Peter Lobotka
An absolute electrical substitution radiometer is a way to ensure highly accurate and stable measurement of optical power in a wide range of optical wavelengths. Its sensitivity is mainly determined by the temperature stability of the equithermal bath and

Mostly sunny with a chance of cyber

September 22, 2016
Author(s)
David W. Flater
Counting known vulnerabilities and correlating different factors with the vulnerability track records of software products after the fact is obviously feasible. The harder challenge is to produce “evidence to tell how vulnerable a piece of software is”

Compressed-Liquid Densities of Three Reference Fuels for Combustion Testing

September 19, 2016
Author(s)
Stephanie L. Outcalt
Compressed-liquid densities of three aviation fuels have been measured with a vibrating-tube densimeter. The measurements were made from 270 K to 470 K, and 0.5 MPa to 45 MPa and have an overall combined uncertainty of 0.81 kg.m-3. The data from each of
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