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Displaying 826 - 850 of 3901

Analysis of Egress From the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

January 31, 2013
Author(s)
Richard D. Peacock, Jason D. Averill, Erica D. Kuligowski
This paper provides an analysis of the evacuation of the World Trade Center towers culled from telephone and face-to-face interviews with survivors. A decedent analysis explores where occupants were located when each tower was attacked. Multiple regression

Modeling the Evacuation of the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

January 31, 2013
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski, Richard D. Peacock, Jason D. Averill
This paper provides an analysis of the evacuation of the World Trade Center towers culled from telephone and face-to-face interviews with survivors. A decedent analysis explores where occupants were located when each tower was attacked. Multiple regression

EXPOSING WOOD DECKING ASSEMBLIES TO CONTINUOUS WIND-DRIVEN FIREBRAND SHOWERS

January 28, 2013
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka S. Suzuki
Sections of wood decks (1.2 m by 1.2 m) were constructed and attached to a re-entrant corner assembly. The deck/re-entrant corner assembly was then exposed to continuous, wind-driven firebrand bombardment generated by the newly developed NIST full-scale

Reconstruction of the Thermal Environment in the Tall World Trade Center Buildings

January 11, 2013
Author(s)
Richard G. Gann, Anthony P. Hamins, Kevin B. McGrattan, Thomas J. Ohlemiller, Kuldeep R. Prasad, William M. Pitts, Harold E. Nelson
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted an extensive investigation of the collapse of the three tall World Trade Center (WTC) buildings. This paper describes the reconstruction of the fires, the thermal environment they created

Building air leakage databases in energy conservation policies: analysis of selected initiatives in 4 European countries and the USA

January 2, 2013
Author(s)
Wanyu Chan, Francois R. Carrie, Jiri Novak, Andres Litvak, Fabrice Richieri, Oliver Solche, Wei Pan, Steven Emmerich
We collected information on existing envelope air leakage databases from countries that are involved in the AIVC-TightVent project "Development and applications of building air leakage databases". This document summarizes the information from five

An Assessment of Methods for Determining Wind Loads

January 1, 2013
Author(s)
Emil Simiu, Chris Letchford, Nicholas Isyumov, Arindam Chowdhury, DongHun Yeo
The purpose of this work is to present an assessment of methods for determining wind loads on buildings and other structures that warrant comment, correction or improvement. The assessment is intended to serve as a resource as a new version of the American

Thermal and Burning Properties of Poly(lactic acid) Composites Using Cellulose-Based Intumescing Flame Retardants

December 21, 2012
Author(s)
Douglas M. Fox, Srilatha Temburni, Melissa Novy, Laura Flynn, Mauro Zammarano, Yeon S. Kim, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Rick D. Davis
Poly(lactic acid) was flame retarded using cellulose-based intumescing flame retardants. Cellulose was an excellent carbon source in combination with ammonium polyphosphate (APP), exhibiting good thermal stabilities and UL-94 ratings of V-0

Smoldering in Flexible Polyurethane Foams: the Effect of Foam Morphology

December 18, 2012
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Szabolcs Matko, Roland H. Kraemer, Rick D. Davis, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Li Piin Sung, Douglas M. Fox, Shivani N. Mehta
Smoldering is a self-sustaining heterogeneous oxidation reaction that induces a slow, low temperature, flameless combustion. Flexible polyurethane foams (PUF) are prone to smoldering due to their high air permeability, low density and high specific surface

Exposing Wood Decking Assemblies to Continuous Wind-Driven Firebrand Showers

December 12, 2012
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, Sayaka S. Suzuki
A series of experiments were conducted to determine vulnerabilities of wood decks to continuous, wind-driven firebrand showers. Sections of wood decks (1.2 m by 1.2 m) were constructed and attached to a re-entrant corner assembly. The deck/re-entrant

Multi-zone Modeling of Size- Resolved Outdoor Ultrafine Particle Entry into a Test House

December 11, 2012
Author(s)
Dong H. Rim, Andrew K. Persily, Lance L. Wallace, William S. Dols, Steven J. Emmerich
Airborne particle transport into buildings is important for human exposure to particles and associated health effects. The present study investigated the entry of size-resolved outdoor ultrafine particles into a test building under three different

Social Disorder, Accidents, and Municipal Wildfires

December 1, 2012
Author(s)
Douglas S. Thomas, David T. Butry, Jeffrey P. Prestemon
Societal safeguards, established by those who have shared perceptions in the importance of safety and taking preventative measures, reduce the incidence of accidents that harm people and damage property. These safeguards prevent or discourage community

Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Assemblies under a Column Removal Scenario

November 8, 2012
Author(s)
Yihai Bao, Hai S. Lew, Sashi K. Kunnath
This paper presents a computational investigation of two reinforced concrete beam-column assemblies, each comprising three columns and two beams, subjected to monotonically increasing vertical displacement of the unsupported center column simulating a

Indoor Air Quality Analyses of Commercial Reference Buildings

November 1, 2012
Author(s)
Lisa C. Ng, Amy Musser, Andrew K. Persily, Steven J. Emmerich
Sixteen commercial reference buildings were created in the multizone airflow and contaminant transport program CONTAM in order to support airflow and indoor air quality (IAQ) analyses, which are not possible using the existing EnergyPlus input files for
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