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Fire

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Displaying 3151 - 3175 of 3902

Suppression Criteria in Engine Nacelle Fires

October 21, 1995
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, Thomas G. Cleary
A series of experimental measurements were conducted and simple models were developed in an effort to provide an improved understanding of the influence of various parameters on the processes controlling flame stability in engine nacelle applications. The

Effect of CF3H and CF3Br on Laminar Diffusion Flames in Normal and Microgravity

October 16, 1995
Author(s)
B. A. VanDerWege, M T. Bush, S Hochgreb, Gregory T. Linteris
Due to the ban on production of bromotrifluoromethane (CF3Br) because of its high ozone destruction potential, there has been recent interest in finding a replacement for it for fire extinguishing applications. While a variety of potential replacements are

Computing the Effect of Sprinkler Sprays on Fire Induced Gas Flow

September 10, 1995
Author(s)
Glenn P. Forney, Kevin B. McGrattan
Over the last twenty years there has been much debate concerning the interaction of sprinklers and draft curtains in large storage facilities. At issue is whether or not the two fire protection systems are mutually beneficial. It has been suggested that in

Heat Transfer in an Intumescent Material Using a Three-Dimensional Lagrangian Model

September 10, 1995
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler, Howard R. Baum, Takashi Kashiwagi
The addition of heat transfer calculations to a three-dimensional, time-dependent numerical model of intumescent materials is described. Intumescent materials protect an underlying substrate from fire through endothermic chemical reactions producing

Inhibition of Premixed Methane-Air Flames by Halon Alternatives

September 10, 1995
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, L Truett
Halogenated hydrocarbons are effective and widely used as fire suppressants. Because of their suspected destruction of stratospheric ozone, however, the production of these agents, the most popular being halon 1301 (CF3Br), has been discontinued. There

Modeling Smoke Flow in Corridors

September 10, 1995
Author(s)
D W. Stroup, Daniel M. Madrzykowski
The Public Buildings Service (PBS) within the General Services Administration (GSA) is the Federal government's real property manager responsible for the acquisition, design, construction, and operation and management of various types of space for Federal

Scaling Compartment Fires - Reduced- and Full-Scale Enclosure Burns.

September 10, 1995
Author(s)
Nelson P. Bryner, Erik L. Johnsson, William M. Pitts
An extensive series of over 140 natural gas fires in a 2/5ths-scale model of a standard room has been previously reported. This work extends the earlier reduced-scale enclosure (RSE) study to a full-scale enclosure (FSE) and focuses on comparing the gas

Suppression of Ignition Over a Heated Metal Surface

September 10, 1995
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, P. Borthwick, Cary Presser
The objective of this work is to investigate the effectiveness of various agents in suppressing flame ignition. Experiments were conducted to determine the amount of agent needed to suppress the ignition of a gaseous propane flow over a heated metal disk

Low Heat-Flux Measurements: Some Precautions

September 1, 1995
Author(s)
Thomas J. Ohlemiller, A F. Robertson
Simple experiments are described for the purpose of illustrating measurement errors and their avoidance during use of Gardon or Schmidt0Boelter toal heat flux sensors. These errors can assume serious proportions of the observed signal at flux levels below

Minimizing Throttline Losses in the Refrigeration Cycle

August 1, 1995
Author(s)
Piotr A. Domanski
Most alternative non-CFC refrigerants have a large molecular structure and large heat capacity, which influence the slope of saturated liquid line and result in substantial throttling losses in a basic reversed Rankine cycle. These losses degrade the cycle

Inhibition of Premixed Methane-Air Flames by Iron Pentacarbonyl

July 31, 1995
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, G. Gmurczyk
Brominated fire suppressants are effective and widely used. Due to their destruction of stratospheric ozone, however, the production of these chemical was halted in January 1994. Although testing and development of possible substitutes is occurring, a

Quantifying the Ignition Propensity of Cigarettes

July 1, 1995
Author(s)
Thomas J. Ohlemiller, K M. Villa, E Braun, K Eberhardt, Richard H. Harris Jr., James R. Lawson, Richard G. Gann
Research funded under the Fire Safe Cigarette Act of 1990 (United States Public Law 101-35) has led to the development of two test methods for measuring the ignition propensity of cigarettes. The Mock-Up Ignition Test Method uses substrates physically

Volume Rendering of Pool Fire Data

July 1, 1995
Author(s)
H. Rushmeier, Anthony Hamins, M Y. Choi
In a pool fire, an ignited puddle or pool of liquid fuel burns in the atmosphere. Understanding pool fires is important to devising methods to control the hazards resulting from spilled fuels. In this case study we consider techniques for visualizing the

Characteristics of Pool Fire Burning

June 20, 1995
Author(s)
Anthony P. Hamins, Takashi Kashiwagi, R Buch
The structure and energetics of hydrocarbons burning in a pool fire configuration are reviewed. Examples of non-hydrocarbons are also presented. The character and structure of pool fires are discussed with special regard to the flame shape, flame pulsation

Model for Calculating Alternative Agent/Nitrogen Thermodynamic Properties

May 9, 1995
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Marcia L. Huber, C I. Boyer
A thermodynamic model based on the extended corresponding states principle has been developed to calculate the solubilities of nitrogen in five selected agents, HFC-227ea, CF3I, FC-218, HFC-125, and CF3Br and the pressure-temperature relationship for agent

Parametric Study of Hydrogen Fluoride Formation in Suppressed Fires

May 9, 1995
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, G. Gmurczyk
Some of the proposed replacements for CF3Br, the fluorinated hydrocarbons, are required in higher concentrations to extinguish fires and contain more halogen atoms per molecule. Since they decompose in the flame, they produce correspondingly more hydrogen

Combustion Product Formation in Under and Overventilated Full-Scale Enclosure Fires

April 23, 1995
Author(s)
William M. Pitts, Nelson P. Bryner, Erik L. Johnsson
The findings of an extensive series of over 140 natural gas fires in a 2/5ths-scale model of a standard room have been previously reported. The current work extends the earlier reduced-scale enclosure (RSE) study to a full-scale enclosure (FSE) and focuses
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