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Displaying 2851 - 2875 of 3902

Bursting Bubbles From Combustion of Thermoplastic Materials in Microgravity

May 18, 1999
Author(s)
Kathryn M. Butler
Many thermoplastic materials in common use for a wide range of applications, including spacecraft, develop bubbles internally as they bum due to chemical reactions taking place within the bulk. These bubbles grow and migrate until they burst at the surface

Construction Metrology Beyond Earth: A White Paper

May 6, 1999
Author(s)
D T. Latimer
Construction metrology standardization research currently focuses on terrestial applications. For space based applications, there is the potential for great monetary and effort savings through the creation of open industry standards. Current technology for

Combustion of a Polymer (PMMA) Sphere in Microgravity (NISTIR 6331)

May 1, 1999
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Anthony P. Hamins, Michelle K. Donnelly
A series of low gravity experiments were conducted to investigate the combustion of supported thermoplastic polymer spheres under varying ambient conditions. The three types of thermoplastic investigated were polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene

Evolution of Refrigerant Application

May 1, 1999
Author(s)
Piotr A. Domanski
The paper reviews the development of chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants, the implemented replacements of ozone-depleting fluids, other considered alternatives, and the prospect for next-generation refrigerants in response to climate change concerns

Modelling Service Life and Life-Cycle Cost of Steel-Reinforced Concrete

May 1, 1999
Author(s)
G J. Frohnsdorff
The NIST / ACI / ASTM Workshop on Modelling Service Life and Life-Cycle Cost of Steel-Reinforced Concrete was focused on possibilities for developing and standardizing such models, specifically for concrete exposed to chlorides. The report includes

Relating Thermoplastic Olefin (TPO) Microstructure to Paint Adhesion

May 1, 1999
Author(s)
Mark R. VanLandingham
Advances in the use of the atomic force microscope (AFM) to characterize polymeric materials have recently been made. Phase imaging with the AFM has emerged as a powerful technique, providing contrast enhancement of topographic features and, in some cases

Test Procedure Development for Residential Dishwashers

May 1, 1999
Author(s)
Natascha S. Milesi-Ferretti
It has been recognized that the current Department of Energy (DOE) dishwasher test procedure is inadequate in testing soil sensing dishwashers. As a result, DOE proposed that NIST evaluate the dishwasher test procedure as a part of their Appliance

Issues in Numerical Simulation of Fire Suppression

April 27, 1999
Author(s)
S R. Tieszen, Amelia R. Lopez
This paper outlines general physical and computational issues associated with performing numerical simulation of fire suppression. Fire suppression encompasses a broad range of chemistry and physics over a lxge range of time and length scales. The authors

Recent Results from the Dispersed liquid Agent Fire Suppression Screen

April 27, 1999
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Michelle K. Donnelly, William L. Grosshandler, N C. Prive
Mosl or the current methods for fire suppression efficiency screening (e.2.. cup burners) are designed for evaluating gaseous fire suppression agents. Potential uses of liquid agents as halon replacements have been recently proposed in several applications

Tropodegradable Halocarbons and Main Group Element Compounds

April 21, 1999
Author(s)
J D. Mather, R E. Tapscott
Although it is not certain that a “drop-in” chemical substitute (as opposed to a new technology) for halons that can be used in normally occupied areas will ever be identified. there are two promising paths to such an agent. The first is to target

A Survey of Construction Metrology Options for the AEC Industry

April 1, 1999
Author(s)
C Lindfors, P C. Chang, William C. Stone
Techniques for measuring distances, relative heights, and angles have improved significantly during the last decades. Some of these techniques can be used in the architecture, engineering, and Construction industry to improve the precision of measurements

An Argument for Using Coarse Cements in High-Performance Concretes

April 1, 1999
Author(s)
Dale P. Bentz, C J. Hacker
The NIST cement hydration microstructural model and experimental studies are used to investigate the effects of particle size distribution and water-to-cement ratio on hydration kinetics. Cement hydration is limited by the availability of water at the

Modeling of Bare and Aspirated Thermocouples in Compartment Fires

April 1, 1999
Author(s)
L G. Blevins, William M. Pitts
As part of an effort to characterize the uncertainties associated with temperature measurements in fire environments, models of bare bead single-shielded aspirated, and double-shielded aspirated thermocouples were developed and used to study the effects of
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