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Fire

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Displaying 2876 - 2900 of 3902

NIST Research Toward Construction Site Integration and Automation

April 1, 1999
Author(s)
William C. Stone, K A. Reed, P Chang, L E. Pfeffer, Adam S. Jacoff
Current uses of computers in construction include design, planning, scheduling, and cost estimating. Much more could be achieved on a fully computer integrated construction site. This paper describes initial work at NIST toward construction site

Specimen Preparation for Scanning Electron Microscopy

April 1, 1999
Author(s)
Paul E. Stutzman, J R. Clifton
Microscopy plays an important role in the examination of cementitious materials. Optical and electron-optical techniques allow examination of microstructural details with sub-micrometer definition. The increased application of scanning electron microscopy

Smoke Detector Response to Nuisance Aerosols

March 16, 1999
Author(s)
Thomas G. Cleary, William L. Grosshandler, Artur A. Chernovsky
The worth of a fire detector is determined as much by its ability not to respond to stimuli that are generated from non-threatening sources as to respond in a timely manner to an actual fire. Photo-electric and ionization smoke detectors react to a greater

A Progress Report on the NIST Convective Heat Flux Calibration Facility

March 15, 1999
Author(s)
David G. Holmberg, C A. Womeldorf
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has developed a convective heat flux calibration facility to allow evaluation of heat flux sensors. This facility is a small wind tunnel that produces a two-dimensional laminar boundary layer across a

Fire Suppression Efficiency Screening Using a Counterflow Cylindrical Burner

March 15, 1999
Author(s)
Jiann C. Yang, Michelle K. Donnelly, N C. Prive, William L. Grosshandler
The design and validation of a counterflow cylindrical burner for fire suppression efficiency screening are described. The stability limits of the burner were mapped using various fuel (propane) and oxidizer (air) flows. The stability enveloped compared

Measurements of Particle Formation in Flames Inhibited by Iron Pentacarbonyl

March 14, 1999
Author(s)
M D. Rumminger, Gregory T. Linteris
Certain metallic compounds have been found to be substantially more effective flame inhibitors than halogen-containing compounds. In particular, iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) was found to be one of the strongest inhibitors--up to two orders of magnitude

Curing of High-Performance Concrete: Report of the State-of-the-Art

March 1, 1999
Author(s)
K W. Meeks, Nicholas J. Carino
This report describes the latest information, technology, and research on the curing of high-performance concrete (HPC). The scope of the report is expanded somewhat to examine the current body of knowledge on the effects of various curing conditions on

Myths About Building Envelopes

March 1, 1999
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily
It is often assumed that commercial and institutional buildings are fairly airtight and that envelopee air leakage does not have a significant impact on energy consumption and indoor air quality in these buildings. Furthermore, it is assumed that more

Numerical Simulation of Sprinkler Performance

February 24, 1999
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Glenn P. Forney
Rapidly, changing building designs, uses, materials, contents, fire protection and the general intermix of industrial/commercial and residential occupancies has created a need to understand the potential hazards and losses from fires and performance of

Evaluation of Passenger Train Car Materials in the Cone Calorimeter

February 23, 1999
Author(s)
Richard D. Peacock, Richard W. Bukowski, S. H. Markos
Recent advances in fire test methods and hazard analysis techniques make it useful to re-examine passenger train fire safety requirements. The use of test methods based on heat release rate (HRR), incorporated with fire modeling and hazard analysis, could

Evaluation of Passenger Train Car Materials in the Cone Calorimeter

February 23, 1999
Author(s)
Richard D. Peacock, Richard W. Bukowski, S. H. Markos
Recent advances in fire test methods and hazard analysis techniques make it useful to re-examine passenger train fire safety requirements. The use of test methods based on heat release rate (HRR), incorporated with fire modeling and hazard analysis, could

Combustion Experiments on STS-83 and STS-94: The Crew's Perspective

February 1, 1999
Author(s)
Gregory T. Linteris, J. E. Voss, R. Crouch
Despite years of planning and hundreds of drop-tower tests in preparation, the combustion experiments aboard STS-83 and STS-94 were full of surprises. Fortunately, these surprises were related to physical phenomena rather than the hardware's performance

Next Generation Fire Suppression Technology Program (NGP)

January 7, 1999
Author(s)
Richard G. Gann
The Next-Generation Fire Suppression Program (NGP), now in its second year, has as its goal the development by 2004 of alternative firefighting technologies to Halon 1301 that can be economically implemented in aircraft, ships, land combat vehicles, and

1998 Activities, Accomplishments, and Recognitions

January 1, 1999
Author(s)
Noel J. Raufaste Jr
The Natioinal Institute of Standards and Technology's Building and Fire Research Laboratory (NIST/BFRL), one of NIST's measurements and standards laboratories, provides the measurement technologies, performance prediction methods, and technical advances
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