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Fire

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Displaying 276 - 300 of 3901

LOW-GWP REFRIGERANTS: PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION TRADEOFFS

April 23, 2017
Author(s)
Piotr A. Domanski, Riccardo Brignoli, J S. Brown, Andrei F. Kazakov, Mark O. McLinden
The merits of an alternative refrigerant are established based on many attributes including environmental acceptance, chemical stability in the refrigeration system, low toxicity, flammability, efficiency and volumetric capacity. In an earlier work, these

A Generalized Model of Flame to Surface Heat Feedback for Laminar Wall Flames

March 7, 2017
Author(s)
Isaac T. Leventon, Stanislav I. Stoliarov, Kevin T. Korver
In this work, experimental measurements of flame heat flux and sample mass loss rate are obtained as a flame spreads vertically upward over the surface of seven commonly used polymeric materials, two of which are glass reinforced composites. Using these

Propane Gas Fire Experiments in Residential Scale Structures

February 27, 2017
Author(s)
Joseph M. Willi
Nine full-scale fire experiments were conducted in two residential-scale structures to study how different fire fighting tactics, specifically horizontal, vertical, and positive pressure ventilation, affect the fire environment within a structure. The fire

A Boolean Approach to Modeling Logical Constraints

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
L I. Schultz
This paper presents a method that uses Boolean logic to model complex logical constraints in a zero-one integer programming optimization. The article examines how the problem of inding a least-cost plan of compliance with building fire codes can be modeled

A Comparison of Quality of Dispersion of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Using Different Surfactants and Biomolecules

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, R Haggenmueller, Sameer Rahatekar, Jeffrey Fagan, Jae H. Chun, Matthew Becker, Rajesh R. Naik, Todd Krauss, Lisa Carlson, Shana O. Kelley, Paul C. Trulove, D M. Fox, John Kadla
The application of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) in current and future applications crucially depends on the ability to process SWCNT in a solvent to yield high quality dispersions characterized by individual SWCNTs and possessing a minimum of SWCNT

A Direct Error Measure for Affine Models of Nonlinear Algebraic Systems

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
D M. Lorenzetti
This paper proposes a measure of the deviation between a nonlinear equation and its affine model, and demonstrates applications to nonlinear systems. The measure expresses the model error relative to a representative change in its predicted value

A Performance-Based Analysis of a Hotel Building Using Two Egress Models

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski, James A. Milke
This report compares results from similar egress models based on documented evacuation movement data. When EXIT89 and Simulex1 are used to 1) simulate the same design scenarios and 2) perform a bounding analysis of the hotel building, differences in egress

A Simple Model of Fireball Dynamics

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Howard R. Baum, Ronald G. Rehm
An analytical model of the initial expansion of a fireball is presented.The model is based on an exact solution of the low Mach number combustion equations in the form initially proposed by the authors. The equations consist of the conservation of mass

A Simple Model of the WTC Fireball Dynamics

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Howard R. Baum, Ronald G. Rehm
An analytical model of the initial expansion of a fireball is presented.The model is based on an exact solution of the low Mach number combustion equations in the form initially proposed by the authors. The equations consist of the conservation of mass

A Technical Guide for Smokeview Version 5

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Glenn P. Forney
Smokeview is a software tool designed to visualize numerical calculations generated by the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of fire-driven fluid flow. This report documents some of the technical details and

Advances in Thermal Imaging Technology in the First Responder Arena

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Francine K. Amon, Nelson P. Bryner
The Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been conducting research that will provide a quantifiable physical and scientific basis upon which industry standards for imaging performance
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