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The National Institute of Standards and Technology has been investigating the potential of fire-extinguishing agents that act solely by the extraction of heat from a flame zone, i.e., thermal agents, to serve as replacements for halons. Both detailed
We investigate the rationale for the use of CF,Br as a reference standard for alternative fire suppresants. Stating efficiencies of alternative agents on a relative basis to that of CF,Br is well founded from an engineering standpoint, but less so from a
Gregory T. Linteris, Vadim D. Knyazev, Valeri I. Babushok
Flame inhibition data exist for a few metallic compounds (Fe(CO)5, Pb(C2H5)4, CrO2Cl2) which show them to be one or two orders of magnitude more effective than halon 1301 at reducing the burning velocity of premixed methane-air flames. Little burning
P E. DesJardin, J M. Nelson, L A. Gritzo, David R. Keyser, T A. Ghee, J R. Tucker, P J. Disimile
The release and transport of a suppressant agent into an enclosed compartment is sensitive to local geometrical features or clutter that is difficult to resolve numerically without using an excessively large CFD grid. Such examples include wire bundles
William L. Grosshandler, Anthony P. Hamins, Jiann C. Yang, Kevin B. McGrattan, Cary Presser
A three-year research effort has been conducted as part of the Next Generation Program (NGP) to develop a laboratory screening device suitable for predicting the behavior of halon alternatives in full-scale fire suppression experiments. Most of the work
In two projects sponsored by the Department of Defense Next-Generation Fire Suppression Technology Program (NGP), research efforts at The University of New Mexico are evaluating chemical agents as substihites for Halon 1301 [I]. The first of these, a
A major concern while conducting in vitro testing of volatile chemicals, such as halons or their alternatives, is loss of the test chemical during the course of experimental studies. Imprecision in dosimetry confounds experimental results and prevents
A set of specimens adhered to a pipe, provided by National Safety Transportation Board (NTSB), were examined for microstructure evaluation. The section of a 40.6 cm diameter gasoline pipeline from which the specimens were obtained showed signs of
This report presents an overview of the NIST Multizone Modeling Website developed by the Building and Fire Research Laboratory of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Multizone modeling refers to the calculation of airflows, pressure
Edward J. Garboczi, Nicos Martys, H A. Saleh, Richard A. Livingston
The shape of aggregates, from whatever source, plays a crucial role in determining the properties of the composite material in which they are embedded (e.g., asphaltic or portland cement concrete). To properly characterize this three-dimensional shape
The BEES (Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability) tool implements a rational, systematic technique for selecting cost-effective green building products. The technique is based on consensus standards and designed to be practical, flexible
Harsha K. Chelliah, A K. Lazzarini, P N. Wanigarathne, Gregory T. Linteris
Two laboratory-scale experimental configurations are used to investigate the fire suppression effectiveness of condensed phase agents, e.g., fine-water droplets (with and without chemical additives) and sodium bicarbonate dry powder. The two flame
The performance of concrete is determined by its microstructure. Its microstructure, in turn, is determined by its composition, its curing conditions, and also by the mixing method used to process the concrete. This paper gives an overview of the various
This paper reports the results of an exploratory study on the effects of curing duration on the variation of mortar strength with distance from the drying surface. A novel, notched cylindrical test specimen was adopted for measuring tensile strength at
Passive energy dissipation devices are used to reduce the damage from earthquakes by absorbing a portion of the earthquake-induced energy in structures. Wide acceptance of these devices in structures will depend on the availability of simplified methods
The effects of relative humidity ranging from [approximately equal to] 0 % to 90 % on the moisture-enhanced photolysis (MEP) of a partially-methylated melamine acrylic polymer coating exposed to the ultraviolet (UV)/50 degrees C condition have been
Joannie W. Chin, K Aouadi, M R. Haight, W Hughes, Tinh Nguyen
One of the obstacles hindering the acceptance of polymer composites in civil engineering applications is the susceptibility of the polymeric matrix to degradation that is initiated by moisture, temperature, and corrosive chemical environments. The
The solar photovoltaic (PV) industry continues to make progress in increasing the efficiency while reducing the manufacturing costs of PV cells. Economies of scale are being realized as manufacturers expand their production capabilities. Products are
In 1993, a working group aimed at developing standards for design life was established in ISO Technical Committee TC59, Building Construction. The working group was later elevated to subcommittee status as ISO/TC59/SC14 - Design Life. The purpose of the
An outline of NIST research in the area of structural performance of housing systems is presented in this paper. The performance of wood-frame houses in past earthquakes and hur-ricanes is summarized, and the state-of-the-art in experimental and analytical
Gregory T. Linteris, Vadim D. Knyazev, Valeri I. Babushok
In this work we presented the first experimental measurements of influence of manganese- and tin-containing compounds (MMT, TMT0 on burning velocity of methane/air flames. We have also developed kinetic models describing the inhibition mechanisms
William L. Grosshandler, Anthony P. Hamins, Kevin B. McGrattan, Cary Presser
A laboratory-scale facility has been developed to screen the suppression effectiveness of fire fighting agents that are delivered in a transient fashion such as solid propellant gas generators. The transient application, recirculating pool fire (TARPF)