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Displaying 2501 - 2525 of 3910

A History of Testing Heat Insulators at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

Robert R. Zarr

The history of testing heat insulators at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly the National Bureau of Standards is nearly as long as the history of the institute itself. The participation of the institute in building research

A State of the Art Report on the Durability Aspects of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

Joannie W. Chin, V M. Karbhari, D R. Reynaud

Although fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are increasingly being used for the renewal of civil infrastructure, there are still some major questions related to the durability of these materials in a civil engineering environment. This concern is

Characterization of Chemical Heterogeneity in Polymer Systems Using Hydrolysis and Tapping Mode Atomic Force Microscopy

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

D Ragahavan, X. Gu, Tinh Nguyen, Mark R. VanLandingham

Characterization of polymer coatings microstructure is critical to the fundamental understanding of corrosion of coated metals. In this paper an approach for mapping chemical heterogeneity of a polymer system using chemical modification and tapping mode

Concrete Optimization Software Tool User's Guide

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

M J. Simon, Dale P. Bentz, James J. Filliben

This user's guide provides instructions for and examples of using the Concrete Optimization Software Tool (COST), a joint product of the Federal Highway Administration and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. COST provides an internet-based

Effect of Bulk Lubricant Concentration on the Excess Surface Density During R123 Pool Boiling

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

Mark A. Kedzierski

This paper investigates the effect that bulk lubricant concentration has on the non-adiabatic lubricant excess surface density on a roughened, horizontal flat pool-boiling surface. Both pool boiling heat transfer data and lubricant excess surface density

Extreme Wind Load Estimates Based on the Gumbel Distribution of Dynamic Pressures: An Assessment

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

Emil Simiu, A N. Heckert, James J. Filliben, Steven K. Johnson

We present a contribution to the current debate on whether it is more appropriate to fit a Gumbel distribution to the time series of the extreme dynamic pressures (i.e. of the squares of the extreme wind speeds) than to fit an extreme value distribution to

Shrinkage-Reducing Admixtures and Early-Age Desiccation in Cement Pastes and Mortars

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

M R. Geiker, K K. Hansen

Fundamental studies of the early-age desiccation of cement-based materials with and without a shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA) have been performed. Studies have been conducted under both sealed and drying conditions. Physical measurements include mass

State-of-the-Art Review of CO 2 Demand Controlled Ventilation Technology and Application

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

Steven J. Emmerich, Andrew K. Persily

The control of outdoor air intake rates in mechanically ventilated buildings based on indoor carbon dioxide (CO 2) levels, often referred to as CO 2 demand controlled ventilation (DCV), has the potential for reducing the energy consumption associated with

Stress Test: A Reliability-Based Method for Predicting the Service Life of Sealants

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

Christopher C. White

The standard test method for evaluaating sealant performance is the ASTM C719; a threshold or torture test bsed upon the pioneering work of NIST researcher Athur Hockman. This article will detail efforts to move away from the use of threshold tests towards

Ultimate Capacities of Low-Rise Steel Frames in Turbulent Wind

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

S Jang, L L. Lu, Fahim H. Sadek, Emil Simiu

This paper is a derivative of G2001-1392, Database-Assisted Wind Load Capacity Estimates for Low-Rise Steel Frames, by Jang, S., et al., intended for publication in the Journal of Structural Engineering.The original paper's abstract was:A comparative study

User's Guide for Smokeview Version 2.0: A Tool for Visualizing Fire Dynamics Simulation Data (NISTIR 6761)

July 1, 2001

Author(s)

Glenn P. Forney, Kevin B. McGrattan

Smokeview is a software tool designed to visualize numerical predictions generated by the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator(FDS), a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of fire-driven fluid flow. These two tools are typically used in concert to respectively

Advanced Measurements and Predictive Methods (NISTIR 6774)

June 18, 2001

Author(s)

Anthony P. Hamins, Kevin B. McGrattan

Finite Element Stress Computations Applied to Images of Damaged Concrete: A Possible New Diagnostic Tool for Concrete Petrography

June 1, 2001

Author(s)

Paul E. Stutzman, David S. Bright, Edward J. Garboczi

Concrete petrography is used to assess damaged concrete in order to determine the probable mechanism of damage. However, using traditional petographic analyses. it is often difficult to say what mechanisms caused the crack damage, since many deterioration

Improved Approximation of the Brinkman Equation using a Lattice Boltzmann Method

June 1, 2001

Author(s)

Nicos Martys

In this brief communication, a new approach to generalize the lattice Boltzmann method to produce fluid flow consistent with the Brinkman equation is presented. The method described in this communication both eliminates second order errors in velocity and

LADAR Sensing Applications for Construction

June 1, 2001

Author(s)

Geraldine S. Cheok, William C. Stone

One potential breakthrough technology that stands to revolutionize construction surveying and status monitoring is known as laser range imaging. The device used to obtain the field data is known as a LADAR (Laser Distance and Ranging). With LADAR it is

Measurement Techniques for Low Heat Flux Exposures to Fire Fighters Protective Clothing

June 1, 2001

Author(s)

R Vettori, W H. Twilley, D W. Stroup

A series of experiments were conducted to investigate measurement technologies that are necessary and appropriate for evaluating the thermal performance of fire fighter protective clothing under low heat flux (≤5.0 kW/m2) exposure conditions and for

The History of NIST's Refrigerants Program: 1. Zeotropic Mixture Cycles and Heat Transfer

June 1, 2001

Author(s)

David Didion

The NIST Refrigerants Program was initiated in 1981 under the sponsorship of the Electric Power Research Institute with the intent to determine if a zeotropic mixture, operating in a Lorentz Cycle, could be found that would give superior performance to the

Physical and Chemical Aspects of Fire Suppression in Extraterrestrial Environments

May 22, 2001

Author(s)

Fumiaki Takahashi, Gregory T. Linteris, Vishwanath R. Katta

A fire, whether in a spacecraft or in occupied spaces on extraterrestrial bases, can lead to mission termination or loss of life. While the fire-safety record of US space missions has been excellent, the advent of longer duration missions to Mars, the moon

Trioxane-Air Counterflow Diffusion Flames in Normal and Microgravity

May 22, 2001

Author(s)

Gregory T. Linteris, M D. Rumminger, D L. Urban

Trioxane, a weakly bound polymer of formaldehyde (C3H6O3, melting point 61 deg C, boiling point 115 deg C), is a uniquely suited compound for studying material flammability. Like many of the more commonly used materials for such tests (e.g. delrin

AISC Design Guide No. 12 Modification of Existing Welded Steel Moment Frame Connections for Seismic Resistance

May 1, 2001

Author(s)

John L. Gross

The Congressional emergency appropriation resulting from the January 17, 1994, Northridge earthquake provided the Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) an opportunity to expand its

BFRL Publications, 2000, Volumes 1 and 2

May 1, 2001

Author(s)

Star R. Burgess, Glenn P. Forney, Nora H. Jason

BFRL Publications, 2000, contains publications produced by or for BFRL staff during 2000. Volume 1 contains Building Research Publications and Volume 2 contains Fire Research publications. We also have included software for solving problems related to

Calibration of Thin Heat Flux Sensors for Building Applications Using ASTM C 1130

May 1, 2001

Author(s)

Robert R. Zarr, V Martinez-Fuentes, James J. Filliben, Brian P. Dougherty

Calibration measurements of thin heat flux sensors for building applications are presented. The findings support the continued development of precision and bias statements for ASTM Practice C 1130. Measurements have been conducted using a 1016 mm diameter

Direct Measurement of Plowing Friction and Wear of a Polymer Thin Film Using the Atomic Force Microscope

May 1, 2001

Author(s)

B -. Du, Mark R. VanLandingham, Q Zhang, T -. He

Nanometer-scale plowing friction and wear of a polycarbonate thin film were directly measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM) with nanoscratching capabilities. During the nanoscratch tests, lateral forces caused discrepancies between the maximum

Expanding BACnet's Horizons

May 1, 2001

Author(s)

Steven T. Bushby

The International Air-Conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating Exposition that accompanied the 2001 ASHRAE Winter meeting in Atlanta included the largest interoperability demonstration of BACnet products ever held. It marked the five-year anniversary of the

Measurements and Predictions of Light Scattering by Clear Coatings

May 1, 2001

Author(s)

M E. McKnight, Theodore V. Vorburger, Egon Marx, Maria E. Nadal, P Y. Barnes, Michael A. Galler

Comparisons are made between calculations and measured angle-resolved light scattering distributions from clear dielectric isotropic epoxy coatings over a range of rms roughness conditions, resulting in strongly specular scattering characteristics

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