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Environment

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Displaying 201 - 225 of 537

NIST Programs to Advance Accurate, Internationally-Recognized Stack Emissions Measurements

September 15, 2016
Author(s)
Aaron Johnson, Iosif Isaakovich Shinder, Rodney A. Bryant, JohnPaul R. Abbott, Keith A. Gillis, Joey Boyd, James Filla, Michael R. Moldover
Accurate flow measurements are essential to quantify the amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and other pollutants emitted from power plant stacks. Although protocols have been developed, the uncertainty of stack flow measurements has not been documented. 

PORPHYRIN-BASED CHEMISTRY FOR CARBON CAPTURE AND SEQUESTRATION

July 8, 2016
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Lawrence P. Cook, Greg Brewer
Two major types of porphyrinic framework structures offer promise for carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) applications: 1) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in which the porphyrins serve as struts linking vertices comprised of metal -based clusters; 2)

Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids in the Plasma of South African Crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus)

July 1, 2016
Author(s)
Jessica L. Reiner, John Bowden, Ian Christie, Matthew P. Guillette, Theresa M. Cantu, Russell H. Lowers, Hannes Botha, Wilmien Luus-Powell, Willem J. Smit, Danny Govender, Danie Pienaar, Louis J. Guillette Jr.
Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) are environmental contaminants that have been used in many products for over 50 years. Interest and concern has grown since 2000 on the widespread presence of PFAAs, when it was discovered that PFAAs were present in

Development of a Northern Continental Air Standard Reference Material

February 18, 2016
Author(s)
George C. Rhoderick, Duane Kitzis, Michael E. Kelley, Walter R. Miller Jr., Bradley Hall, Edward Dlugokencky, Pieter Tans, Antonio M. Possolo, Jennifer Carney
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recently began to develop standard mixtures of greenhouse gases as part of a broad program mandated by the 2009 United States Congress to support research in climate change. To this end, NIST made

Synchrotron X-ray Investigation of alpha-Chlorohemin, C34H32ClFeN4O4, an Fe-porphyrin

January 28, 2016
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, James A. Kaduk, Lawrence P. Cook, B Chakraborty, Greg Brewer
X-ray data of a powder sample of alpha-chlorohemin (a member of the porphyrin family), C34H32ClFeN4O4, was collected using synchrotron radiation at the Advanced Photon Source (APS, Argonne National Laboratory). Rietveld Refinement and Density Functional

Organohalogen contaminants and vitamins in Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus ursinus) collected during subsistence hunts in Alaska

January 1, 2016
Author(s)
Jessica L. Reiner, Paul R. Becker, Jennifer M. Lynch, Amanda J. Moors, Jennifer M. Ness, Rebecca S. Pugh, Catherine A. Rimmer, John R. Kucklick, Matthew O. Gribble, Danielle Peterson, Jody Rhoderick, Jennifer Trevillian
During native subsistence hunts from 1987 to 2007, blubber and liver samples from 50 subadult male northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) were collected on St. Paul Island, Alaska. Samples were analyzed for legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs)

Urinary iodine and stable isotope analysis to examine habitat influences on thyroid hormones among coastal dwelling American alligators

December 9, 2015
Author(s)
Ashley S. Boggs-Russell, Heather J. Hamlin, James C. Nifong, Brittany L. Kassim, Russell H. Lowers, Thomas M. Galligan, Stephen E. Long, Louis J. Guillette Jr.
The American alligator, a freshwater species, is known to forage in marine environments which could lead to increased dietary uptake of iodine, a nutrient necessary for the production of thyroid hormones. To explore the influence of dietary iodine on

Comparison of halocarbon measurements in an atmospheric dry whole air sample

November 3, 2015
Author(s)
George C. Rhoderick, Bradley Hall, Christina Harth, Jin Seog Kim, Jeogsoon Lee, Stephen Montzka, J. Muhle, Stefan Reimann, Martin Vollmer, Ray Weiss
The growing awareness of climate change/global warming, and continuing concerns regarding stratospheric ozone depletion, will require continued measurements and standards for many compounds, in particular halocarbons that are linked to these issues. In

Hitting the bounds of chemistry: Limits and tradeoffs for low-GWP refrigerants.

August 19, 2015
Author(s)
Mark O. McLinden, J. Steven Brown, Andrei F. Kazakov, Piotr A. Domanski
We explore the possibilities for low-GWP refrigerants through two approaches. First, we explore the performance of hypothetical refrigerants to define the limits of what is allowed by thermodynamics. In the second approach, we apply property estimation
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