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Florian Bergmann, Meagan Papac, Benjamin Jamroz, Nicholas Jungwirth, Bryan Bosworth, Anna Osella, Tomasz Karpisz, Lucas Enright, Eric Marksz, Angela Stelson, Christian Long, Nathan Orloff, Robert Jones
Modern microchips utilize multilayer stack-ups with many interstitial layers of dielectrics. Optimizing device performance and maximizing yield requires precise measurements of the out-of-plane permittivity of these dielectric layers. At the same time
Precisely modeling radio propagation in complex environments has been a significant challenge, especially with the advent of 5G and beyond networks, where managing massive antenna arrays demands more detailed information. Traditional methods, such as
Jacob Pawlik, Tomasz Karpisz, Yasaman Kazemipour, Nicholas Derimow, Sarah Evans, Bryan Bosworth, Christian Long, Nathan Orloff, James Booth, Angela Stelson
We demonstrate a glass microwave microfluidic device for determining the permittivity of a wide range of liquid chemicals from 100 MHz to 10 GHz with relatively low uncertainty. Conventional microwave microfluidic devices use polymer-based microfluidic
In this paper we describe an enhanced three-antenna gain extrapolation technique that allows one to determine antenna gain with significantly fewer data points and at closer distances than with the well-established traditional three-antenna gain
Dazhen Gu, Jonah Smith, Adam Whitney, Omar Khatib, Natalie Rozman, Amanda Gregg, Willie Padilla, William Deal, Steven Reising
This paper describes a characterization method for measuring the reflectivity of blackbodies used as calibration devices in spaceborne instruments. The fundamental measurement principle is based on the scattering matrix theory. A monostatic apparatus has
We present progress in the development of a dynamic force reference instrument (KDFR) based on the Kibble principle. We describe the operating principle and design of the KDFR and discuss how the design for alternating current (AC) force measurements
Jacob Pawlik, Tomasz Karpisz, Nicholas Derimow, Sarah Evans, Jim Booth, Nate Orloff, Chris Long, Angela Stelson
We present a method for accurately determining the permittivity of dielectric materials in 3D integrated structures at broadband RF frequencies. With applications of microwave and millimeter-wave electronics on the rise, reliable methods for measuring the
Tomasz Karpisz, Jacob Pawlik, Johannes Hoffmann, Sarah Evans, Christian Long, Nathan Orloff, James Booth, Angela Stelson
On-wafer calibrations are critical for measurements of embedded devices at the correct reference planes. A major challenge in on-wafer calibrations is the development of accurate calibrations that cover a frequency range from MHz to THz. Another challenge
Nicholas Jungwirth, Florian Bergmann, Bryan Bosworth, Jerome Cheron, Christian Long, Nathan Orloff
Fused silica has become an interesting alternative to silicon for millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications. Unfortunately, there are few reports on the measurement of fused silica's permittivity above 110 GHz using electrical rather than optical methods
Chiehping Lai, Jelena Senic, Camillo Gentile, Nada T. Golmie
Accurate channel propagation modeling of foliage is critical to the design and deployment of wireless networks, given its pervasive nature in rural, suburban, and urban environments. Its blockage effects can be particularly devastating at millimeter-wave
Ameya Ramadurgakar, Kate Remley, Dylan Williams, Jake Rezac, MELINDA PIKET-MAY, Rob Horansky
Standard formulations of error vector magnitude compare a wireless device's symbol constellation to an ideal reference constellation. In this work, we utilize the residual error vector magnitude, which uses measurements of a wireless device to define a
Robert Jones, Robert Horansky, Carnot Nogueira, Catherine Remley
Traditionally, in reverberation chambers (RC) measurement autocorrelation or correlation-matrix methods have been applied to evaluate measurement correlation. In this article, we introduce the use of clustering based on correlative distance to group
After a five-year renovation of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Boulder, CO, antenna measurement facility, the Antenna On-Axis Gain and Polarization Measurements Service SKU63100S was reinstated with the Bureau International des
Anmol Bhardwaj, Jack Chuang, Camillo Gentile, Chiehping Lai
A wireless channel is wide-sense stationary (WSS) when the mean and autocorrelation of its small-scale fading are displacement invariant. This occurs when the channel is rich in propagation paths – their complex summation averages out any displacement
Nik Prajapati, Aly Artusio-Glimpse, Matt Simons, Samuel Berweger, Drew Rotunno, Maitreyi Jayaseelan, Kaleb Campbell, Christopher L. Holloway
Rydberg atoms show great promise for use as self-calibrated electric field sensors for a broad range of frequencies. Their response is traceable to the international system of units making them a valuable tool for a variety of applications including
Florian Bergmann, Nicholas Jungwirth, Bryan Bosworth, Jason Killgore, Eric Marksz, Tomasz Karpisz, Meagan Papac, Anna Osella, Lucas Enright, Christian Long, Nathan Orloff
Losses in mmWave transmission lines often exceed first-principles predictions based on measurements of dc resistivity and the nominal conductor geometry. In our case, we observed an additional distributed resistance of coplanar waveguides on DyScO3
Nikolas Dale Barrera, Jacob Pawlik, Eugene Yoon, James Booth, Christian Long, Nathan Orloff, Ellis Meng, Angela Stelson
Parylene C thin films are commonly used as a passivation layer, protective coating, or substrate material in implantable medical devices. However, fluid or vapor may permeate through Parylene C films over time through defects, film edges, or bulk diffusion
Ian Spielman, Alessandro Restelli, Mingshu Zhao, Junheng Tao, Qiyu Liang
The precise control of dc magnetic fields is crucial in wide range of experimental platforms, from ultracold quantum gases, nuclear magnetic resonance, to precision measurements. In each of these cases the Zeeman effect causes quantum states to shift in
Lucas Enright, Marzena Olszewska-Placha, Michael Hill, Say Phommakesone, Daisuke Kato, Charles Hill, Hanna Kahari, Chiawen Lee, Chang-Sheng Chen, Nate Orloff, Malgorzata Celuch, Urmi Ray
With growing interest in millimeter-wave (mmWave, 30 GHz – 300 GHz) technologies, researchers and manufacturers need standard reference materials and best practices for measurement validation, material acceptance, and quality assurance. Today, there is no
In recent work, we proposed sweeping the antennas of phased arrays and beamforming in postprocessing – what we coined switched beamforming – instead of sweeping beams through analog beamforming – what the arrays are designed for. Not only is it orders of
Human blockage at millimeter-wave frequencies is most commonly modeled through Knife-Edge Diffraction (KED) from the edges of a vertical strip. Although extensively validated through controlled laboratory experiments, the method does not scale to realistic