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Chemistry

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Displaying 851 - 875 of 1924

Anomalous Behavior of Teflon-Based Helium Permeation Flow Standards

June 1, 2007
Author(s)
Patrick J. Abbott, Justin H. Chow
Helium leak testing is a vital step in assuring product reliability for anything that must be packaged in a sealed container. Examples abound from blister packaging for pharmaceuticals to aluminum wheel rims for automobiles. In order to quantify detected

Thermodynamic properties of methylquinolines: Experimental results for 2,6-dimethylquinoline and mutual validation between experiments and computational methods for methylquinolines

May 1, 2007
Author(s)
Robert D. Chirico, Russell D. Johnson III, William Steele
Measurements leading to the calculation of the standard thermodynamic properties for gaseous 2,6-dimethylquinoline (Chemical Abstracts registry number [877-43-0]) are reported. Experimental methods included adiabatic heat-capacity calorimetry, vibrating

Experimental Vibrational Zero-Point Energies: Diatomic Molecules

April 18, 2007
Author(s)
Karl K. Irikura
Vibrational zero-point energies (ZPEs), as determined from published spectroscopic constants, are derived for 85 diatomic molecules. Standard uncertainties are also provided, including estimated contributions from bias as well as the statistical

N-Nitrosation of Amines by NO 2 and NO: A Theoretical Study

March 22, 2007
Author(s)
Yi-Lei Zhao, Stephen L. Garrison, Carlos A. Gonzalez, William D. Thweatt, M Marquez
Gas-phase nitrosation implies an alternative non-ionic pathway different from the nitrosonium-nitrosation by acidification of nitrite. Electronic structure calculations discussed in this work suggest a free radical mechanism, in which NO2 abstracts a

Development of an Experimental Database and Kinetic Models for Surrogate Jet Fuels

March 1, 2007
Author(s)
M Colket, T Edwards, S Williams, N Cernansky, D L. Miller, Fokion N. Egolfopoulos, P Linstedt, Ram Seshadri, F L. Dryer, C K. Law, Daniel G. Friend, David Lenhert, Heinz Pitsch, A Sarofim, M Smooke, Wing Tsang
The engineering and scientific community ha been searching for the identification of surrogate fuels that can reasonably represent the performance and emissions behavior of jet fuels (e.g. Jet A and JP-8) in engines. Many proposals exist in the literature

Conditioning of Flowing Multiphase Samples for Chemical Analysis

February 15, 2007
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
The chemical analysis of process streams is a common task that must be completed thousands of times every day in the chemical industry. In refineries, at gas wells, in chemical processing plants and in fine pharmaceutical facilities, there is a continual

120Hz Pulse Tube Cryocooler for Fast Cooldown to 50K

February 13, 2007
Author(s)
Srinivas Vanapalli, Michael A. Lewis, Zhihua Gan, Ray Radebaugh
A pulse tube cryocooler operating at 120 Hz with 3.5 MPa average pressure achieved a no-load temperature of about 49.9 K and a cooldown time to 80 K of 5.5 minutes. The net refrigeration power at 80 K was 3.35 W with an efficiency of about 22.6% of Carnot

Temperature-Controlled Depth Profiling in Poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) Using Cluster Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) II. An Investigation of Sputter-Induced Topography, Chemical Damage and Depolymerization Effects

February 1, 2007
Author(s)
Christine M. Mahoney, Albert J. Fahey, John G. Gillen, Chang Xu, James Batteas
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) employing an SF polyatomic primary ion source was used to depth profile Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) at a series of temperatures from -75 C to 125 C where the primary glass transition for PMMA occurs at 105 C. The

Temperature-Controlled Depth Profiling in Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) Using Cluster Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS): I. Investigation of Depth Profile Characteristics

February 1, 2007
Author(s)
Christine M. Mahoney, Albert J. Fahey, John G. Gillen
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) employing an SF5+ polyatomic primary ion source was used to depth profile Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) at a series of temperatures from -75 oC to 125 oC, where the primary glass transition for PMMA occurs at 105

Widefield Light Microscopy Method for High Resolution and Quantum Dot Spectral Studies

January 1, 2007
Author(s)
Cynthia J. Zeissler, Keana C. Scott, Richard D. Holbrook, Peter E. Barker, Yan Xiao
We are exploring methods to achieve 3D 200 nm resolution multispectral imaging with an ordinary inexpensive widefield microscope using incoherent white light sources and an electronically tunable filter. In this work, the capabilities were applied to

NIST Calibration Services for Water Flowmeters Water Flow Calibration Facility

August 1, 2006
Author(s)
Iosif I. Shinder, Iryna V. Marfenko
This document describes the Water Flow Calibration Facility (WFCF) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This facility has three parallel pipelines with diameters of 100, 200 and 400 mm and three weighing systems with capacities of
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