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Buildings & Construction

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Displaying 776 - 800 of 3873

General Guidance on Emergency Communication Strategies for Buildings

February 12, 2013
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski
When a building emergency occurs, it is not always sufficient to simply initiate alarm bells. Individuals may not know what the alarm bell means and as a result may respond inappropriately to its sound. Many buildings have installed mass notification or

Characterization of Airborne Nanoparticle Releases from Consumer Products

February 6, 2013
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily, Michael Magee, Dong H. Rim
This letter report provides a project update reflecting the activities to date under the FY2012 interagency agreement between CPSC and NIST to develop testing and measurement protocols for determining the quantities and properties of nanoparticles released

Development of a Reference Material for Building Product Emissions Testing

February 4, 2013
Author(s)
Cynthia H. Reed, Zhe Liu, Steve Cox, Andrew K. Persily, John Little
The business of measuring volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from building products and materials has grown to include more than 100 laboratories, many with unique testing equipment and analytical techniques. For the purposes of labeling building

Analysis of Egress From the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

January 31, 2013
Author(s)
Richard D. Peacock, Jason D. Averill, Erica D. Kuligowski
This paper provides an analysis of the evacuation of the World Trade Center towers culled from telephone and face-to-face interviews with survivors. A decedent analysis explores where occupants were located when each tower was attacked. Multiple regression

Modeling the Evacuation of the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

January 31, 2013
Author(s)
Erica D. Kuligowski, Richard D. Peacock, Jason D. Averill
This paper provides an analysis of the evacuation of the World Trade Center towers culled from telephone and face-to-face interviews with survivors. A decedent analysis explores where occupants were located when each tower was attacked. Multiple regression

Reconstruction of the Thermal Environment in the Tall World Trade Center Buildings

January 11, 2013
Author(s)
Richard G. Gann, Anthony P. Hamins, Kevin B. McGrattan, Thomas J. Ohlemiller, Kuldeep R. Prasad, William M. Pitts, Harold E. Nelson
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted an extensive investigation of the collapse of the three tall World Trade Center (WTC) buildings. This paper describes the reconstruction of the fires, the thermal environment they created

Building air leakage databases in energy conservation policies: analysis of selected initiatives in 4 European countries and the USA

January 2, 2013
Author(s)
Wanyu Chan, Francois R. Carrie, Jiri Novak, Andres Litvak, Fabrice Richieri, Oliver Solche, Wei Pan, Steven Emmerich
We collected information on existing envelope air leakage databases from countries that are involved in the AIVC-TightVent project "Development and applications of building air leakage databases". This document summarizes the information from five

An Assessment of Methods for Determining Wind Loads

January 1, 2013
Author(s)
Emil Simiu, Chris Letchford, Nicholas Isyumov, Arindam Chowdhury, DongHun Yeo
The purpose of this work is to present an assessment of methods for determining wind loads on buildings and other structures that warrant comment, correction or improvement. The assessment is intended to serve as a resource as a new version of the American

Smoldering in Flexible Polyurethane Foams: the Effect of Foam Morphology

December 18, 2012
Author(s)
Mauro Zammarano, Szabolcs Matko, Roland H. Kraemer, Rick D. Davis, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Li Piin Sung, Douglas M. Fox, Shivani N. Mehta
Smoldering is a self-sustaining heterogeneous oxidation reaction that induces a slow, low temperature, flameless combustion. Flexible polyurethane foams (PUF) are prone to smoldering due to their high air permeability, low density and high specific surface

Multi-zone Modeling of Size- Resolved Outdoor Ultrafine Particle Entry into a Test House

December 11, 2012
Author(s)
Dong H. Rim, Andrew K. Persily, Lance L. Wallace, William S. Dols, Steven J. Emmerich
Airborne particle transport into buildings is important for human exposure to particles and associated health effects. The present study investigated the entry of size-resolved outdoor ultrafine particles into a test building under three different

Social Disorder, Accidents, and Municipal Wildfires

December 1, 2012
Author(s)
Douglas S. Thomas, David T. Butry, Jeffrey P. Prestemon
Societal safeguards, established by those who have shared perceptions in the importance of safety and taking preventative measures, reduce the incidence of accidents that harm people and damage property. These safeguards prevent or discourage community
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