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Bioscience

Biomaterials

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Displaying 351 - 375 of 3439

3D Cellular Morphotyping of Cell Niches

August 31, 2017
Author(s)
Stephen J. Florczyk, Mylene H. Simon, Derek Juba, Patrick S. Pine, Sumona Sarkar, Desu Chen, Paula J. Baker, Subhadip Bodhak, Antonio Cardone, Mary C. Brady, Peter Bajcsy, Carl G. Simon Jr.
Three-dimensional (3D) cellular morphotyping is introduced for assessing and comparing the niches provided by biomaterial scaffolds. Many scaffold systems have been advanced to provide synthetic cell niches for tissue engineering and drug screening

Moisture Uptake Characterization in Nanocellulose Using Microwave Cavity

August 17, 2017
Author(s)
Caglar Emiroglu, Bharath N. Natarajan, Jeffrey W. Gilman, James Alexander Liddle, Jan Obrzut
Cellulose nanocrystal films with different helical modulation lengths are characterized. Films are obtained by tuning the rate of evaporation and surface functionalization. Dielectric constant measurements are performed and the water confinement is

Surface interaction parameter measurement of solvated polymers via model end-tethered chains

August 11, 2017
Author(s)
Richard J. Sheridan, Sara V. Orski, Ronald L. Jones, Sushil K. Satija, Kathryn L. Beers
We present a method for the direct measurement of the relative energy of interaction between a solvated polymer and a solid interface. By tethering linear chains covalently to the surface, we ensured the idealized and constant configuration of polymer

Raman Identification of Multiple Melting Peaks of Polyethylene

August 1, 2017
Author(s)
Ying Jin, Anthony P. Kotula, Chad R. Snyder, Angela R. Hight Walker, Kalman D. Migler, Young J. Lee
Multiple melting peaks of high-density polyethylene produced by complex thermal pre-treatment are investigated with variable temperature Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). We examine the origin of the observed multiple melting

Fast-Responding Bio-Based Shape Memory Thermoplastic Polyurethanes

July 14, 2017
Author(s)
Zoran S. Petrovic, Jelena Milic, Fan Zhang, Jan Ilavsky
Fast response shape-memory polyurethanes were prepared from bio-based polyols, diphenyl methane diisocyanate and butane diol. The bio-based polyester polyols were synthesized from 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, a product obtained by ozonolysis of fatty acids

Universal Interrelation Between Measures of Particle and Polymer Size

July 6, 2017
Author(s)
Luis F. Vargas Lara, Marc L. Mansfield, Jack F. Douglas
The characterization of many objects often involves the determination of a basic set of particle size measures derived mainly from scattering and transport property measurements. For polymers, these basic properties often include the radius of gyration Rg

Rheology of ballistic clay: the effect of temperature and shear history

May 9, 2017
Author(s)
Ran Tao, Kirk D. Rice, Aaron M. Forster
Ballistic clay is used as a backing material for standards-based ballistic resistance tests for the purposes of providing a measure of the energy transferred to the body when a threat is defeated. However, this material exhibits complex thermomechanical

Dielectric Characterization of Confined Water in Chiral Cellulose Nanocrystal Films

April 10, 2017
Author(s)
Bharath N. Natarajan, Caglar Emiroglu, Jan Obrzut, Douglas M. Fox, Beatriz Pazmino, Jack F. Douglas, Jeffrey W. Gilman
A known deterrent to a large scale development and use of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is their affinity for moisture, which has a profound effect on dispersion, wetting, interfacial adhesion, matrix crystallization and water uptake. To quantify the

Light-stimulated Permanent Shape Reconfiguration in Crosslinked Polymer Microparticles

April 7, 2017
Author(s)
Lewis M. Cox, Xiaohao Sun, Chen Wang, Nancy Sowan, Jason Killgore, Rong Long, Hengan Wu, Christopher N. Bowman, Yifu Ding
Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) are cross-linked polymer networks capable reconfiguring their network topology, enabling stress relaxation and shape changing behaviors. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) is one specific mechanism by

Label-free hyperspectral dark-field microscopy towards quantitative scatter imaging

March 27, 2017
Author(s)
Philip Cheney, David McClatchy III, Stephen Kanick, Paul Lemaillet, David W. Allen, Daniel Samarov, Brian Pogue, Jeeseong C. Hwang
A hyperspectral dark-field microscopy technique has been developed for imaging spatially distributed diffuse reflectance spectra from light-scattering samples. In this report, quantitative scatter spectroscopy was demonstrated with a uniform scattering

Polydimethylsiloxane tissue-mimicking phantoms for quantitative optical medical imaging standards

March 24, 2017
Author(s)
Jeeseong Hwang, Hyun J. Kim, Paul Lemaillet, Dirk Grosenick, Thomas Gladytz, David McClatchy III, Kimberly A. Briggman, Brian Pogue
We report on a procedure to build and characterize solid tissue-mimicking phantoms of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymers. Controlled inclusion of light scattering titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles enables the creation of phantoms having tunable light
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